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1、2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测第 03 讲 必修 1 Unit 3 Travel journal讲【核心素养分析】语言知识：要求考生掌握并能运用英语词汇、语法基础知识以及所学话题。1 .考纲内要掌握的词汇、短语和句型项目单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）journal n.日记；杂志；定期刊物journalist n.记者transport n. & vt.运输; 运送一transportation n. 交通工具1. prefer vt,更喜欢；选择某事物（而不选择其他事物）preferable adj,较适合的；更可取的 一preference n. 偏爱；爱好；喜爱disadvantag
2、e n.不利条件；不便之处advantage（反义词）persuade vt.说服；劝说一persuasion n.劝服一persuasive adj.劝说的；有说服力的graduate vi.毕业 n.大学毕业生graduation n.毕业2. finally adv.最后；终于schedule n.时间表;进度表vt.为某事安排时间stubborn adj .顽固的；固执的重点单词10. organize vt.组织；成立一organized adj.有组织的一organization n.组织11. determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心一determined adj.坚决的；
3、有决心的一determination n.决 心journey n.旅行；旅程bend n.弯；拐角vt. （bent, bent）使弯曲vi.弯身；弯腰attitude n.态度；看法12. . forecast n. & vt,预测；预报reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的view n.风景；视野；观点；见解vt.观看；注视；考虑beneath prep.在下面【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你应该尊重别人的观点，同时坚持你认为正确的事情。A. care for关心， 照顾；B. look at看；C. insist on坚持；D.meet with符合，偶然遇见。故C选项正确。【变
4、式】.完成句子(l)He insisted that he anything.他坚持说他从来没有偷过任何东西。(2)The engineer having his plan carried out.工程师坚决要求执行他的计划。(3)1 insisted that she with you.我坚决要求她跟你走。(4)Madame Curie insisted that there something in nature that gave out radiation.居里夫人坚持认为自然界中有物质能释放出射线。【答案】(1) had never stolen (2)insisted on (3)
5、(should)go (4)was.(上海复旦附中期中)After I settled in, a man approached me and insisted that I in his seat. I ignored himand told him to go away.A. wasB. wereC. beD. would be【答案】A【解析】考查insist+that从句用法。句意：我坐好后，一个男人走过来，坚持认为我坐在他的座位上。我不 理他，叫他走开。此处insist意为“坚持认为之 后that从句用陈述语序，且句子时态为一般过去时。故选A。1 . (2019江苏期末)The ol
6、d professor insisted that the problem requiring paying attention to .A. was discussedB. would be discussedC. be discussedD. being discussed【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：老教授坚持要讨论那个需要注意的问题。insist表示“坚持要求”时，其后的 宾语从句要用should do的虚拟语气知识点6.beneath prep.在下面ad也在下方；在底下【归纳拓展】beneath, below 与 under(l)beneath意为“在下面”，在文学语言中，
7、有时可代替below和under,强调物体间的接触，与on相对。beneath还可表示“(程度、水平、等级、地位等)比更低，(2)below表示物体之间不接触，不一定存在垂直的位置关系，与above相对。(3)under表示物体间的关系一定是垂直的，物体间可以不接触，也可接触，与over相对。【典例6】 After hours of walking, Emma was so tired and hungry that her legs were beginning to give way her.A. besideB. behindC. beyondD. beneath【答案】D【解析】考查介
8、词辨析。句意：在走了几小时之后，艾玛如此累和饿以至于快要摔倒了。A. beside旁边；B. behind后边；C. beyond 超出； D. beneath下面。根据herlegs在下面得知用介词beneath。故选D。 【变式】.用 beneath, below 或 under 填空 (1)1 sat a tree and took a rest.(2)The temperature fell zero last night.(3)It would be him to do that.【答案】(l)under (2)below (3)beneathNeil seemed very cal
9、m, yet Celia was still aware of his panic the surface.A. beneath B. over C. beyond D. from【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查介词。A.beneath在一之下；B.over越过，在之上；C.beyond超过，越过；D.from从一。 Neil似乎非常冷静，然而Celia仍然意识到他表面之下的惊慌。故选A。 考点：考查介词) Its burning hot today. Shall we rest in the shade these trees?A. overB. beneathC. outsideD. to
10、【答案】B【解析】考查介词。句意为：今天真热。我们可以在树下的阴凉处休息吗？选项A意为在之上、遍及、 在期间；选项B意为在之下；选项C意为在外面；选项D意为对于、为了、去等意思。根据句意选择Bo知识点7.care about关心，在乎【归纳拓展】care about关心，在乎，在意(多用于疑问或否定句)care for喜欢或喜好某人/物(多用于否定或疑问句)；照顾；照看take care of ( = look after)照顾take care当心；小心with care小心地medical care医疗服务【典例7】用care, care about与care for的适当形式填空(l)M
11、r Black, who didnt money, never his salary.(2)Would you a cup of coffee?(3)1 dont if I never see her again!【答案】(1 )care for; cared about (2)care for care【变式】Does your wife like tea?Well, she doesnt really tea; she likes coffee better.A. care for B. care C. care aboutD. care of【答案】A【解析】考查情景交际和动词短语。句意
12、：一你妻子喜欢喝茶吗？一噢，她不怎么喜欢，她更喜欢咖啡。A 喜欢，照顾；C关心，担心。这里是“喜欢”的意思，故选A。知识点8.change one mind改变主意【归纳拓展】make up one mind 下定决心call/bring sth. to mind 回忆起某事lose one*s mind 发疯have a/no mind to do sth.有/无意做某事fix/keep ones mind upon/on . 把注意力放在bear/keep. in mind t己住have.on ones mind为某人操心/焦虑have.in mind打算；考虑【温馨提示】在change
13、 ones mind及make up ones mind短语中mind均为可数名词，有单复数形式变化。【典例8】(l)Fm just going to(改变主意)when you ask.(2)(什么 也不会让他改变主意)once he(他下定决心).(3)1(无法决定)whether to go or stay at home.答案(l)change my mind (2)Nothing will change his mind; has made up his mind (3)cant make up my mind 【变式】选择填空一Im afraid that she wont com
14、e to help me as she promised.一Dont worry. Nothing will her mind if she has up her mind.A. change; made B. turn; done C. grow; given D. make; changed【答案】A【解析】考查固定短语。change one*s mind改变主意；make up ones mind下定决心。句意： 恐怕她不能像她答应的那样来帮助我。不要担心。如果她决定了，没有什么能改变她的想法。知识点10. give in屈服；投降；让步；上交【归纳拓展】give in to sb.对某
15、人让步give away赠送；泄漏；出卖give back 归还give off放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音)give out分发；用完；消耗尽，筋疲力尽give up放弃，戒掉；停止；认输；把送交give over 移交give way to给让路；屈服；被征服【温馨提示】(l)give in作“屈服，投降，让步”讲时，是不及物动词短语，后面常接介词to,表示“向某人屈 服”。作“交上，呈交”讲时，是及物动词短语，give in sth (或sth in) to sb表示“把某物交给某人”。(2)give up放弃 既可作不及物动词短语，也可作及物动词短语。用作及物动
16、词短语时，后面常跟 pron./n./doing sth,表示“放弃(做)某事【典例10】(l)The police gave searching for the missing child.警察放弃寻找那个丢失的孩子。(2)The teacher gave our papers before the class.上课之前,老师给我们分发了 试卷。(3)We*d better give the suspect the police.我们最好把嫌疑犯交给警察。(4)This piece of meat is giving a bad smell.这块肉正在发出臭味。(5)She*s very b
17、rave and(从不屈月艮).(6)“(现在不要让步)，she said.【答案】(1) up (2) out (3) over to (4) off (5)never gives in (6)Donft give in now【变式】He kept begging me for a new bike, and I finally.A gave outB. gave awayC. gave inD. gave up【答案】c【解析】句意：他一直恳求我给他买辆自行车，最后我让步了。give in屈服；投降；让步。知识点IL as usual照常；像往常一样【归纳拓展】usual adj.通常的
18、；平常的usually adv.通常地；平常地.than usual 比平常【典例11】(1)1 shall leave the office at the same time(像平时一样).(2)We(通常夕卜出)for dinner on Sundays.(3)Grandmother slept longer(比平时).(4)That day he got to school early(像往常一样).【答案】(l)as usual (2)usually go out (3)than usual (4)as usual【变式】My father went to work by car to
19、day, but he arrived at the company later.A. than usual; than usualB. as usual; as usualC. as usual; than usualD. than usual; as usual【答案】C【解析】考查固定短语。As usual和平时一样；that usual通常与比较级连用，本题中的later than usual比往 常要晚。句意：我的父亲今天和平时一样开车上班，但是他到公司要比往常要晚。故C正确。2 . In order to complete his work ahead of time, he go
20、t up earlierA. than usualB. as usualC. than usuallyD. as usually【答案】A【解析】考查词组;A. than usual比平常，B. as usual象平常一样，句意是：为了提前完成工作，他比平常起得早。选A。3. If you go and study in Britain, you can get up an hour later as schools in China begins before 8 a.m.A. as usualB. as usuallyC. than usualD. than usually【答案】c【解析
21、】考查固定短语。句意为如果你去英国学习你可以早上晚起一个小时，因为中国早上上课时在八点 前。As usual像往常一样than usual比以往早Yesterday morning he got up earlier than, for it was not a(n) day.A. common; usualB. usual; ordinaryC. usual; normalD. common; ordinary【答案】B【解析】than usual”比以往“表时间，不可用common,后一空为“平凡”用ordinary, normal的意思表示常规。4. Flu is a very infe
22、ctious disease. Fever, headaches, coughing and fatigue are some of its symptoms.A. normal; common B. usual; ordinaryC. common; usual D. ordinary; normal【答案】c【解析】考查形容词辨析：normal;正常的，common共同的，常见的，usual;平常的，ordinary普通的， 句意是：流感是很常见的传染病，发烧，头疼，咳嗽，疲劳是它平常的症状。选C。【考点精讲】 考点 1: ever since【教材原句】 Ever since middl
23、e school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 从 高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车旅行。【句法分析】ever since ”从那以后。句子要与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用，类似的时间状语还有so far, up till now, by now, recently, lately, since last month, in/for the past+ 一段时间，since.ago 等。【典例1】单项选择1. 一 How long has your brother
24、 been working in this factory?- he graduated from college.A. WhenB. By the timeC. UntilD. Ever since【答案】D【解析】考查连词辨析。A当时;B到时为止（与完成时连用）;until直到才；ever since自从； 句意：一你的兄弟在这个工厂里工作了多久了？一自从她大学毕业到现在一直都在这个工厂里工作。故D 正确。2. Salley Beijing for Shanghai and there ever since. You can go and pay her a visit on yourwa
25、y to Hangzhou.A. has left; worked B. left; workedC. has left; had worked D. left; has worked【答案】D【解析】句意：Salley离开北京到上海，并且从此以后一直在那里工作。你可以在去杭州的路上去拜访她。 句中“离开北京到上海”是陈述过去的事实，故用一般过去时。ever since常与现在完成时连用。故选D。3.（天津高考模拟） you are familiar with the authors ideas, try reading all the sections as quickly as you p
26、ossible can.A. Now that B. Ever sinceC. So that D. In case【答案】A【解析】考查从属连词。句意：你熟悉作者的思路，尝试尽快地阅读的所有部分。now that意为 “既然；由于“，符合语境，故选A。4. （2019赤峰二中月考）Ever since he left school, he becoming a professor in that famous university.A. has never dreamed of B. had never dreamed ofC. didnt dream ofD. was not dreami
27、ng of【答案】A【解析】考查时态。句意：自从他离开学校以来，他从来没有梦想成为那所著名大学的教授。此处since”自从一以来。 引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时态，主句用现在完成时态，故选A。【总结提高】It is/was/has been+时间段+ since自从已经多久了。It will be/was+时间段+before再有多长时间才在“It is/was+时间段+ since”句型中，若since从句中的动词为延续性动词，句子意思要发生变化。It is three years since he joined the army. 他参军 3 年了。It is three years
28、 since he smoked.他戒烟 3 年了（不吸烟）。【变式】I .翻译句子他毕业后经历了很多艰难困苦。(ever since; go through)答案Ever since he graduated from university, he has gone through a lot. ever since 和现在完成时态连用，结 合所给汉语可矢口答案为 Ever since he graduated from university, he has gone through a lot.n.完成句子They ever since their childhood, (live) 他们
29、从小就住在这儿。1. She ever since she left home.(see)从她离开家她就没见过她父母。2. .He went to Europe in 1990 and China ever since.(return)他 1990 年去了欧洲I,此后再也没有回中国。【答案】1.have been living here Ever since自从一以来，主句要用现在完成时态或现在完成进行时态，结合 所给汉语可知答案为have been living hereHasnt seen her parents Ever since自从一以来，主句要用现在完成时态或现在完成进行时态，结合
30、所给汉 语可知答案为 Hasnt seen her parentsHas never returned to Ever since自从一以来，主句要用现在完成时态或现在完成进行时态，结合所给汉语 可知答案为 Has never returned to考点2 be+形容词+to do【教材原句】When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是
31、一次有趣的经历。【句法分析】be+adj.+todo在“主语+系动词+形容词+不定式吉构中，不定式与主语在意义上是动宾关 系，但要用主动形式表被动意义；如果不定式的动词是不及物的，要在不定式后边加介词。用于这种句式 中的形容词常为：easy, difficult, heavy, hard, nice, bitter, dangerous, interesting, important, comfortable, pleasant, impossible 等。【典例2】(1)1 like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so
32、 good.A. to be breathedB. to breatheC. breathing【答案】BC. breathing【答案】BC. breathing【答案】BD. being breathed【解析】考查be+adj. + to do结构。(2)They found the lecture hard； they all felt sleepy.A. to be understoodB. for understandingC to understandD. to have been understood【答案】c【解析】考查“fi解+宾语+adj.+todo”结构。考点3 onc
33、e引导的状语从句【教材原句】Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。【句法分析】“once+状语从句”意为“一旦.就在once引导的状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将 来时。【拓展归纳】once用做副词，可表示：(l)(for) one time 一次I have only been here once.我只来过这儿一次。(2)at some time in the past 一度， 曾经He once lived in Zambia.他曾经(一度)住在赞比亚。(3)all at once=sud
34、denly 突然All at once the door opened.突然门开了。【典例3】(2020南京夕卜国语学校高三)New employees, they are skilled, will get more opportunities for personal development.A. thoughB. sinceC. onceD. unless【答案】C【解析】考查连词。句意：新的雇员，一旦他们有了娴熟的技能，就会得到更多有助于他们个人发展的机 会。分析句子可知，此处应表示一旦他们有了娴熟的技能，故应用“once”。故选C【变式】1.翻译下列句子你一旦下定决心做某事，你一定要
35、遵守诺言。(once)我们一致同意一旦得出调查结论，就尽早让公众知晓。(once)【答案】Once you has determined to do something, you must keep your word/keep it. Once 弓I 导条件状语从 句可以用现在完成时 be determined to do 有决心做，keep your word 守信； We agreed that once the research conclusion was made, it would be made public as soon as possible.2. (2019江苏宿迁中学
36、高三期中)Although alcohol is legal, it can damage the liver and do great harm consumed in large quantities.A. even ifB. onceC. WhileD. unless【答案】B【解析】考查状语从句。句意：虽然酒是合法的，但一旦大量饮用，会损害肝脏并造成巨大伤害。A. even if 即使；B. once一旦；C. while 然而；D. unless 除非。根据“it can damage the liver and do great harm”可知，一 旦大量饮用，就会造成肝脏损害并带
37、来巨大伤害。故选B。考点4 no matter句型【教材原句】 A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.个意志坚定的人总、是 努力完成工作，不管它多么困难。【句法分析】no matter ,作不管”无论解,同what/who/when/where/how等疑问词连用,引导让步状语 从句。【温馨提示】(l)no matter what/who/when/how/where 可 以换成 whatever/whoever/whenever/however/wherever 引导让步状语从
38、句。(2)whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever 还可 以引导名词性从句。Whoever breaks the law should be punished.任何违犯了法律的人都应受到惩罚。(3)however是副词，修饰形容词、副词+主+谓；whatever是代词，修饰的是名词。如：However difficult it is, you must work it out.不管有多难，你都要解决这件事。Whatever difficulty there is, we must work together.不管有什么样的困难我们都要团结合作。【典例4】(2
39、020黑龙江哈尔滨三中期末)The warriors were determined to defend their homeland,difficult it was.A. no matter which B. no matterC. no matter what D. no matter how【答案】D【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：战士们决定不管多困难也要保卫祖国。通过分析句子结构并翻译语境 可知，后句作前句的让步状语，固定搭配no matter意为“无论”，且从句中表语是difficult为形容词，使用 how对程度进行提问，因此使用no matter how引导让步状语从句。故选D
40、项。【变式】重点短语1.ever since 从那以后2.be fond of喜欢3.care about 关)心； 担，C?4.change one9s mind改变主意5.make up one,s mind 下定决心 6.give in(to)投降；屈服7.as usual 通常；照常8.at midnight在午夜9. dream about doing 梦想干某事 10. graduate from 从毕业11. at an altitude of 在高度 12. put up a tent 搭起帐篷13. for one thing, .for another 一方面, 另一方面1
41、4. cant/can hardly wait to do sth.迫不及待地干某事经典句型（高考书面表达必 备）1. Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车旅行。2. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it
42、ends.首先想到要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅行的是我的姐姐。3. When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次 有趣的经历。4. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.她一旦下定决心，什么也不能使她改变。5. . A determined person alway
43、s tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.有决心的人总是努力完成工作的，而不管它有多难。必备语法（高级句型）名词性从句2.语法基础知识名词性从句主题语境：话题旅游与交通语言技能：能在主题语境下，运用所学的语言知识写出语言丰富的日常生活事物的应用文。【基础巩固】知识点L prefer vt.更喜欢【归纳拓展】preference n. 偏爱prefer sth.更喜欢某事物1 .完成句子They ever since their childhood, (live) 他们从小就住在这儿。1. She ever since she lef
44、t home.(see)从她离开家她就没见过她父母。2. He went to Europe in 1990 and China ever since.(return)他 1990 年去了欧洲,此后再也没有回中国。【答案】have been living hereHasnt seen her parents. Has never returned to【解析】.考查现在完成时。分析句子结构可知，空处填时态，且根据语境可知，ever since意为“自从以来: 主句的时态要用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，再结合句意可知，“他们从小就住在这，表示“住”这个动作 从“小时候”开始一直持续到现在仍在进行
45、，故此处要用现在完成进行时，故填have been living here。1 .考查现在完成时。分析句子结构可知，空处填时态，且根据语境可知，ever since意为“自从以来”, 主句的时态要用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，再结合句意可知，此处用现在完成时，又因主语是she,故 填 hasnt seen her parentso.考查现在完成时。分析句子结构可知，空处填时态，且根据语境可知，ever since意为“自从.以来: 主句的时态要用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，再结合句意可知，此处用现在完成时，又因主语是he,故 填 has never returned to。2 .单项填空(1)
46、well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.A. HoweverB. WhateverC. No matterD. Although【答案】A【解析】考查“however+adj. +主+系动词”引导让步状语从句。(2) The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit the season.A. whateverB. whereverC. wheneverD. however【答案】A【解析】whatever引导让步状语从句，意为“不管什么
47、”。该句后半部分的完整形式应该是whatever the seasoniso考点5名词性从句【典例4】 2021 吉林省吉林市高三第一次调研考试Li is not without criticism. Some people have expressed skepticism because it is unbelievable she looks so perfect after a long day of work in the fields.【答案】that【解析】考查主语从句。有些人表示怀疑，因为在野外工作了一天之后，她看起来如此完美，这令人难以 置信。此处是一个主语从句，it为形式主
48、语，真正的主语为空格处引导的从句，从句不缺成分，且意义完整， 故应用thato故填thato 2021 江西省赣州市会昌县七校高三联合月考warns the world would face untold human suffering1 if it does not make deep and lasting shifts in human activities that influence climate change.【答案】that【解析】考查宾语从句。它警告说，如果不对影响气候变化的人类活动做出深刻和持久的转变，世界将面 临“难以言表的人类痛苦:此处是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中不作任