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1、2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测第 13 讲 必修 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world讲【核心素养分析】语言知识：要求考生掌握并能运用英语词汇、语法基础知识以及所学话题。1 .考纲内要掌握的词汇、短语和句型某物”，本句用的被动语态，故填t。项目单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备）重点单词1. starve vi. & vt.（使）饿死;饿得要死starvation n.饿死2. origin n.起源；由来；起因一original adj.原来的3. religion n.宗教religious adj.宗教上的;信奉宗教的；虔诚的4. beliefn.信任；信
2、心；信仰5. gain vt.获得:得到6. independence n. 独立； 自主一indepKKdent adj,独立的; 自主的7. gather vt. &vi.搜集;集合；聚集8. agricultural adj.农业的;农艺的agriculture n.农业；农艺；农学9. award n.奖；奖品vt.授予；判定10. admire vt.赞美;钦佩；羡慕admiration n.羡慕11. energetic adi.充满活力的;精力充沛的；积极的energy n.能量；精力12. custom n.习惯；风俗13. permission n.许可；允许permit v
3、t.允许n.许可证;执照14. apologize vi.道歉;辩白-apology n,道歉15. sadness n.悲哀；悲伤tsad adi.悲哀的;悲伤的16. obvious adi.明显的;显而易见的17. forgive vt.原谅;饶恕-forgiveness n.原谅一forgiving adj.宽恕的;宽容的重点短语1. take place 发生2. in memory of 纪念3. dress ug盛装；打扮；装饰4. play a trick on诈骗；开玩笑5. look forward to 期望；期待；盼望6. day and night 日夜6 . （20
4、21 吉林长春外国语学校开学考试）Many（award） will be given to the winners in the coming music ceremony.【答案】awards【解析】考查名词复数。句意：在即将到来的音乐颁奖典礼上，许多奖项将颁发给获奖者。根据设空前many 可知，此处用复数名词。award意为“奖；奖品”，是可数名词。故填awards。7 .The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine（award）to Tu Youyou in 2015.【答案】was awarded【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：2015年，
5、屠呦呦获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。根据“in 2015” 可知，此处应用一般过去时。动词award意为“把（某物）授予（某人）”，和主语“The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine”构成被动关系。主语为第三人称单数。故填was awarded。8 .（内蒙古月考）We were excited at the sight of two five-star red flags rising in the stadium, two pairs of Chinese athletes （award） at the moment.【答案】being awarded【
6、解析】在独立结构中two pairs of Chinese athletes与award是被动关系，表进行。句意：我们非常激动的 看到两面五星红旗在体育馆同时升起，两组中国运动员获得奖项。故填being awarded。单项选择（2021 天津武清期末）Tu Youyou the Nobel Prize for Medicine at the age of 84, the first Chineseperson ever to win the award.A. was awarded B. is awarded C. is awarding D. has awarded【答案】A【解析】考查时
7、态和语态。句意：屠呦呦84岁时获得诺贝尔医学奖，是第一位获此殊荣的中国人。结合句 中at the age of 84,可知，句中讲的事实为过去的动作，所以时态用一般过去时；句中主语Tu Youyou与动 词award为动宾关系，所以award要用被动。选项A与文意相符，故选A。2 .（2021-天津）Its the first time that a Nobel Prize in chemistry 2020 to a female group-EmmanuelleCharpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna.A. was awarded B. has been awa
8、rded C. is awardedD. had awarded【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：这是2020年诺贝尔化学奖首次颁发给女性团体Emmanuelle Charpentier和Jennifer A. Doudnao Its the first time that结构中，that从句通常用现在完成时。从句中主语Nobel Prize与 award之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选B。3. (2021 宝鸡市)The student from the training so much that he was the first prize in thecompetition.A
9、. benefited; benefitedB. awarded; awardedC. awarded; benefitedD. benefited; awarded【答案】D【解析考查固定短语和被动语态。句意：这个学生在训练中受益良多，因此在比赛中被授予了一等奖。 第一空，表示“受益”短语为benefit from；他获奖是因为从训练中获益，根据was提示，可知“获益”用一般 过去时，第二空，表示“被授予”短语为be awarded,故选D。【变式】推测汉语意思They awarded John the first prize.他们 约翰一等奖。(1) She was given a gol
10、d medal as an award,她被授予一枚金牌。【答案】(1)授予(2)作为奖励完成句子He won his excellent skill.他由于他出色的技能而获奖。(1) Is that how you me for my help?这就是你如何来回报我的帮助吗？(2) They John the first prize in the contest.他们在竞赛中颁发给约翰一等奖。【答案】(1) theaward for (2) reward (3) awarded知识点5.admire vt.赞美；钦佩，羡慕，欣赏【归纳拓展】admiration n.赞美，钦佩admirabl
11、e adj.可饮佩的，极佳的admiring adj.赞赏的，羡慕的admire sb. for sth.因某事而钦佩某人have admiration for sb./sth.羡慕/钦佩某人/物watch/gaze in admiration赞赏地观看/凝视着【典例5】语法填空l.He gave her an(admire)look.【答案】admiring【解析】考查形容词。句意：他给了她一个钦佩的眼神。修饰名词用形容词，admire“钦佩”，是动词，admirable” 令人钦佩的“；admiring”赞赏的；钦佩的“，根据句意，故填admiring。2.It is(admire) th
12、at he devotes himself to his work.【答案】admirable【解析】考查形容词。句意：他致力于工作真是令人敬佩。形容词admirable意为“令人敬佩的“，该词在句 中和系动词is构成系表结构描述主语情况。所以要填admirableo3.The man did an(admire) job in keeping the surroundings clean.【答案】admirable【解析】考查形容词。句意：这个人在保持环境清洁方面做了一件令人钦佩的工作。此处job是名词，由形 容词来修饰，故填admirableodont agree with her, bu
13、t I admire her sticking to her principles.【答案】for【解析】考查介词。句意：我不同意她的看法，但我钦佩她坚持自己的原则。短语admire sb. for doing sth. 钦佩某人做某事。故填for。5 .Maria looked at the skirt admiration.【答案】in【解析】考查介词。句意：玛丽亚满眼欣赏地看着那条裙子。in admiration为固定搭配，意思是欣赏地，作 状语，修饰looked at。故填in。6 .Families will enjoy a big dinner with mooncakes on
14、Mid-autumn Day,(admire)the moon together.【答案】admiring【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中秋节，家人会享用大餐和月饼，一起赏月。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语families和admire (欣赏)之间是主动关系，故用现在分词，故填admiring。7 .Professor Stephen William Hawking has many(admire) around the world.【答案】admirers【解析】考查名词。句意：斯蒂芬威廉霍金教授在全世界有很多仰慕者。名词admirer意为“仰慕者”是可数名词，复数形式是ad
15、mirers, many后跟可数名词的复数形式。故填admirers。8 . Tired and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped (admire) the beautiful scenery.【答案】to admire【解析】固定词组stop to do Sth停下来做另外一件事情。句意：很累而且上气不接下气，我们到达了山顶, 停下来欣赏美丽的风景。故填to admire。9 .（安徽高三月考）I clapped my hands happily in （admire） of the pilots be
16、autiful flight on the Air Show.【答案】admiration【解析】in admiration of怀着对的赞美对表示钦佩；句意：我高兴的鼓掌对空展上飞行员的美丽的飞 行表示敬佩。故填admiration。10 .（湖J匕高三月考）The method recommended by WHO is （admire）in accuracy, but it is too demanding in operation and it consumes too many laboratory animals.【答案】admirable【解析】句意：那被某人推荐的方案在精确性上
17、十分令人敬佩，但在运作上要求太高，需要太多的实验动 物。形容词作表语。故填admirable。【变式】单项选择Its amazing that an Australian girl sailed around the world alone in about 200 days.Thats an inspiring story. Her courage is really.A. acceptable B. adjustable C. admirable D. accessible【答案】C【解析】考查形容词。A. acceptable可接受的；B. adjustable可调节的； C. admi
18、rable令人钦佩的；D. accessible可进入的。句意:一个澳大利亚女孩在大约200天的时间里独自驾船环游世界，这太不可思议 To这是一个鼓舞人心的故事。她的勇气令人钦佩。故选C。2.（深圳市高级中学期中）I have great for the heros courage, so I decide to follow his heroic deeds.A. wanderB. puzzleC. consultD. admiration【答案】D【解析】考查名词。A.wander徘徊；B.puzzle迷惑；C.consult咨询；D. admiration钦佩。我对英雄的勇气 非常钦佩，
19、所以我决定向他学习。故选D。3.1 him for his success in business.A. enjoyB. treatC. believeD. admire【答案】D【解析】本题考查动词。句中admire sb for sth羡慕某人某事。句意:我羡慕他生意上的成功。完成句子(l)The school is widely its excellent teaching.这所学校教学优秀，远近称誉。(2)They looked silent at the painting.他们默默地欣赏着那幅画。(3)He gave her 他向她投以赞赏的一瞥。【答案】(1) admired fo
20、r (2) in admiration (3) an admiring look知识点6. apologize v.道歉【归纳拓展】apology n.道歉apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.= make an apology to sb. for (doing ) sth.= say sorry to sb. for (doing) sth.=offer sb. an apology for (doing) sth.因某事向某人道歉acc叩t/refuse an apology接受/拒绝道歉【典例6】语法填空(2021 甘肃兰州一中期中)Dont wait fo
21、r an(apologize). The truth is the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize to you at all.【答案】apology【解析】考查名词。句意：不要等别人道歉。事实上，伤害你的人根本不打算向你道歉。空处作宾语，结 合上文冠词an可知应填单数名词apologyo故填叩ology。1. (2020甘肃兰州一中)Tom(apology) to me for his rudeness but I refused to accept it.【答案】apologized【解析】考查动词及其时态。句意：汤姆为他的
22、无礼向我道歉，但我拒绝接受。由refused可知，apologize 应该使用一般过去时。故填apologized。2. (2021 全国) Alice admitted her mistake and make apologize immediately.【答案】an【解析】考查固定短语。句意：爱丽丝承认了自己的错误，并立即道歉。make an apologize是固定短语，意 为“道歉”，所以填an。3. (2020福建省厦门第六中学月考)That girl apologized the neighbour for what she said.【答案】t。【解析】句意：那个女孩由于自己说的
23、话向她的邻居道歉。Apologize to向某人道歉。故填to。【变式】单项选择（2021新疆乌市八中月考）After the class was over, Li Ping apologized the teacher hiscoming late.A. for; toB. because; to C. to; because D. to; for【答案】D【解析】考查固定短语。句意：下课后，李平为他的迟到向老师道歉。apologize to sb. for sth.为固定短语， 意为“为某事向某人道歉。故选D。1. （2020全国南开中学高三月考）I lied yesterday,I sh
24、ould make an apology to you. Im very sorry.A. whichB. for whichC. whomD. for whom【答案】B【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我昨天撒谎了，我应该为此向你道歉。对不起。所缺词引导非限 制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，用关系代词which, make an叩ology for因 而道歉”，固定搭配，介 词提前，为介词加关系代词的结构。故选B。2. （2018天津高三） 一 He made an apology be blamed what he had done.一 Its really wise of him.A
25、. so as to not; of B. in order to not; forC. so as not to; for D. in order not to; of【答案】c【解析】考查动词不定式做目的状语和固定搭配。上句：他做了一个道歉，以免所做的事被指责。下句： 他真地很明智。so as not to do sth表示“以便不做某事.be blamed for sth表示“因某事受责备”.what he had done是介词宾语从句，表示“他做的事，故选C。完成句子（1） Bill was his friend having kept her waiting for a long
26、time.比尔因让他的朋友等了好长时间正在道歉呢。I my host and left early.我向主人道过歉后提早离去。Please my sincere.请接受我真诚的歉意。（4）Heus his being late.他因为他的迟到而向我们道歉(5)1 dont mind(道歉)to others if I make a mistake.答案(1) apologizing to ； for(2) apologized to (3) accept;apology (4)made an apology to ; for (5) apologizing 知识点7.permission n.
27、u许可；允许【归纳拓展】permit vt允许，许可permit sb to do sth允许某人做某事 permit doing sth允许做某事with/without (one9 s) permission 得到允许/未经允许ask sb. for permission征求某人的许可give sb. permission to do sth=permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事have ones permission得到某人的同意【典例7】语法填空. No one is(permit) to enter the library without an ID card.【
28、答案】permitted【解析】考查语态。句意：没有身份证，没有人被允许进入图书馆。句中主语no one与动词permit构成被 动关系，要使用过去分词构成被动语态。所以要填permitted。1 . (2020甘肃兰州一中)Without my(permit), no one is allowed to enter the room.【答案】permission【解析】考查名词。句意：没有我的许可，不允许任何人进入房间。permit作为名词意为“许可证。作为动 词意为“允许此处需要填入permit (作为动词)的名词形式permission作without的宾语，同时my修饰 这个名词作定语
29、，这个名词在句子中作为不可数名词使用，不需要变复数。故填permission。2 .Teenagers are not permitted(smoke) as cigarettes will cause damage to their health.【答案】to smoke【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：青少年不被允许吸烟，因为香烟会损害他们的健康。固定搭配be not permitted to do sth.,意为“不被允许做某事”,所以用to smokeo故填to smokeo. (2020浙江余力兆中学)Time( permit), I will go shopping with you n
30、ext Monday.【答案】permitting【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果时间允许，我下周一和你一起去购物。句子主语time和permit之间 是逻辑上的主动关系，因此用现在分词形式；Time permitting是独立主格结构，相当于条件状语从句if time permits； permit的现在分词需要双写3再加ingo故填permittingo.Circumstances do not permit my(go) with you.【答案】going【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：情况不允许我和你一起去。permit one，s doing允许某人做某事，为动名词的 复合结构。故
31、填going。3 .(江苏高三) According to the local law, no one shall enter the building site without (permit).【答案】permission【解析】句意：根据当地法律，没有许可任何人不准进入这个大楼。介词后用名词形式。故填permission。【变式】单项选择.(江苏金陵中学高三课时练习)When you visit a museum you must ask for permission before takingphotographs inside it.A. /; /B. a; theC. a; /D.
32、 the; the【答案】A【解析】句意：当你去参观一所博物馆时，你在里面拍照前必须先得到允许。该题考查定冠词用法。permission 意为“允许”，是不可数名词，不用冠词修饰；photograph意为“照片。可数名词，句中为复数形式，而且表 示泛指，故不用定冠词修饰。故选A。2. Stay awake! You should know that it to sleep in class.A. doesnt permitB. is not permittedC. will not be permittedD. was not permitted【答案】B【解析】考查语态。句意：保持清醒！你应
33、该知道在课堂上睡觉是不被允许的。根据语境，表示被动含义， 要用被动语态，表示客观事实，用一般现在时态的被动形式，故选B。完成句子They entered the room未经允许他们进入了这个房间。(1) You will need to ask for if you want to extend your house.如果你们想扩建房子，你得需要活动许可。(2) We have arranged to play basketball on Saturday, weather.我们已经安排在周六打篮球，如果天气允许的话。(4) We have arranged to play basketba
34、ll on Saturday if weather.我们已经安排在周六打篮球，如果天气允许的话。(5) The school doesnt permit.学校不允许学生吸烟。(6) The school doesnt pennit students.学校不允许学生吸烟。【答案】(1) without permission (2) permission (3)permitting (4)permits (5) visiting(6) to smoke知识点8.remind vt.提醒；使想起【归纳拓展】remind sb. of / about sth.提醒某人记住某事remind sb. to
35、 do sth.提醒某人做某事remind sb. that.提醒某人/使某人想起注：常用于 vt. + sb. + of sth./doing 的动词有 inform, warn, accuse, cure, suspect 等，如：inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事accuse sb. of sth.控告某人某事cure sb. of sth.给某人治愈某病suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人某事【典例8】语法填空(2021 全国)Natural disasters are ternble(remind) of the p
36、ower of nature.(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】reminders【解析】考查名词复数。句意：自然灾害是大自然力量的可怕提醒。此处指“不止一个提醒物”，用名词 reminder(提醒人的事物)的复数形式，做表语。故填reminders。1. The film(remind) me of what I had seen in the United States.【答案】reminded【解析】考查时态。句意：这部电影使我想起了我在美国所看到的一切。此处缺少谓语动词，宾语从句谓 语had seen用过去完成时,remind此动作发生在see这个动作之后，时态保持一致,此空时态用一般
37、过去时, 故填 reminded o (remind) not to miss the flight at 15:20. the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.【答案】Reminded【解析】考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词做状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语the manager,非谓语动词与句子主 语是被动关系，所以用过去分词。句意：因为经理被告知不要错过15:20的航班，所以他匆忙赶往机场。根 据句意填RemindedoPlease remind me the meeting again tomorrow in case I forget.【答案
38、】Of【解析】句意：明天记得再提醒我开会，以防我忘记了。Remind sb of sth意为：提醒某人某事，故填。f。2. (2019天津静海一中)The audience (remind) to turn their cell phones off in the theatre.【答案】was reminded【解析】句意：在剧院里，有人提醒观众把手机关掉。根据句意用被动语态。故填was reminded。【变式】单项选择These achievements showed the power of determination, but they also us of the challeng
39、es.A. informedB. remindedC. robbedD. required【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：这些成就显示了决心的力量，但也提醒了我们面临的挑战。A. informed通 知；B. reminded提醒；C.robbed抢劫；D. required需要。remindof为固定搭配，意为提醒 ,根据句 意提醒了我们面临的挑战。故选B项。1. (2020陕西西北工业大学附属中学高三)What a stupid mistake! I you to go over your paper carefully.Why wouldnt you listen to me?A.
40、 was reminding B. had reminded C. remindedD. would remind【答案】B【解析】考查时态。句意：真是一个愚蠢的错误。我已经提醒你要仔细复习试卷，你为什么不听我的呢？ 根据语境可知犯错”发生在过去,而“我提醒你”发生在“犯错”之前，即过去之过去，应用过去完成时had done, 故选B项。完成句子(1) Please remind me my medicine three times a day.Please remind me I should take my medicine three times a day.请提醒我要每天服三次药。(2
41、) The pictures me my school days.7. as if/though 似乎，好像8. have fun with玩得开心9. turnup出现；到场10. keep one9s word 守信用；履行诺言11. hold one breath 屏息；屏气12. setoff出发；动身；使爆炸13. remind.of. 使想起14. . be/get married to 和结婚15. apologize to sb. for.因向某人道歉16. in celebration of 为了庆祝17. have belief jn 对有信仰18. be drowned
42、in 沉溺于；埋头于经典句型（高考书面表达必备）1. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.在当时，如果食物难以找到，人们就会挨饿，特别是在寒冷的冬季。2. The country, covered with cheiry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.整个国 度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。3. It was obv
43、ious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开必备语法（高级句型）状语从句2.语法基础知识状语从句主题语境：话题庆祝节日（人与社会）语言技能：能在主题语境下，运用所学的语言知识写出日常生活事物的应用文。【基础巩固】知识点1.starve vi.&vt.（使）饿死；饿得要死【归纳拓展】starvation n.u饿死starve to death = die of starvation/hunger 饿死starve sb to death 把某人饿死这些照片使我
44、想起学生时代。(3)me back to Tom.提醒我给汤姆写回信。【答案】(1) to take ; that (2) remind ;of (3) Remind ;to write知识点 9. forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt.原谅；饶恕【归纳拓展】forgive sb. (for) sth.原谅某人的某事forgive doing sth.原谅做某事【典例9】语法填空(2020合肥市第六中学期末)Keep in mind that(forgive) does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with t
45、he person who upsets you.【答案】forgiveness【解析】考查名词。句意：请记住，宽恕并不一定意味着和那个让你心烦意乱的人再次成为朋友。此空应 为名词作主语，forgive的名词为forgiveness故填forgivenesso(2021 全国)She found a way to forgive him the theft of the money.【答案】for【解析】考查动词用法。句意：她想办法原谅他偷了钱。分析可知，forgive sb. for sth.,意为原谅某人做了 某事，为固定搭配。故填for。1. (2021 全国)She(forgive)
46、him and never argued with him.【答案】forgave【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：她原谅了他，从未和他争吵过。and前后时态需一致，由后面的argued 是过去式可知，句子时态为一般过去时，因此空格处需用过去式，即forgave,故填forgave。2. (2021 静宁县第一中学月考)If anything happened to the kids, you will never be(forgive).【答案】forgiven【解析】考查动词语态。句意：如果孩子们出了什么事，你永远不会得到原谅。此处主语与谓语动词构成 被动关系，结合上文you will nev
47、er be可知为一般将来时的被动语态。故填forgiven。单项选择-How are you getting along with Jim now?-Well, OK now. But he until I apologized.A. didnt forgive B. hasnt forgivenC. hadnt forgiven D. wont fdrgive【答案】A【解析】考查时态。句意：一你现在和Jim相处得怎么样？现在很好了，但是直到我道歉他才原谅我。 根据句意可知现在两人的关系很好，道歉和原谅都是过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时，故A项正确。1. Hellen doesnt know how much I spent in repairing the house. If she ever found out, Im sure she me.A. will never forgiveB. would never forgiveC. does not forgiveD. never forgives【答案】B【解析】考查if引导的虚拟条件句。句意“海伦不知道我重新装修房子花了多少钱。如果她发现的话，我敢 肯定她绝不会原谅我。”本题中的if引导的是虚拟、假设的情况，且与现在相反，故原来的一般将来时要改 为过去将来时。故