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1、2023届高考英语一轮复习语法总发动之句子(6)一、填空.There are many things in different areas we can do to reduce the possible dangers ofAIDS.(用适当的词填空).The hours the children spend in their one-way relationship with mobile phone peopleundoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.1 .EBay, Amazon and Wal-Mart
2、 are popular websites people can sell goods to each other.2 .Sympathy is much needed in this world a lot of changes has taken place because of theoutbreak of the novel coronavirus in 2020.1.1 miss the days I was able to hang out with my best friend.6 .This is the spot he was murdered.7 .This is the
3、reason he was late for school.8 .Pm at an age I dont know what love is, but your sweet smile still touches me.9 .In many ways, the education system in China is different from in western countries. lO.He is the student I borrowed this dictionary.(用“介词+关系代词”填空)1 l.He talked happily about the men and b
4、ooks interested him greatly in the school.12.There are two reasons Ive decided to read one of his letters to the audience nationwide.1.1 1 live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.14 .The Bermuda Triangle is an area in the Atlantic Ocean in hundreds of boats and planes havestran
5、gely disappeared.15 .People frequently participate in physical exercises should account for over 45 percent of the populationby 2035.二、语法填空.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。With vivid and exciting computer-produced scenes, virtual reality gaming often allows us to be completely (absorb) in video game
6、s as if we were one of the (character). But VR isnt just fbr video games. It can also be used to treat patients suffer from Agoraphobia, a strong fear of being in public places.a VR device on the head, patients will come into a 360- degree virtual world. It helps patients to overcome fear and take c
7、ourage (make) eye contact with people (walk) towards them. The scenes are realistic that they can (actual) help patients adjust to new environment. Then they will feel (comfortable) in public places and more confident to interact with strangers in real life. Thanks to the increasing power of VR, man
8、y scenes (create) to help patients deal with common social occasions in the future.16 .阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡 上。World leaders at the 5th meeting of the United Nations Environment Assembly ( UNEA) agreed that by 2024,they would create and sign a new treaty(协定)on plastics. The new
9、treaty would create international laws could help bring plastic waste under control.Because plastic is useful for so many purposes, it has become a part of nearly all areas of our lives. Its hard to look anywhere without finding dozens of (object) made of plastic.The United Nations Environment Progr
10、am ( UNEP) reports that (current) 400 million tons of plastic is produced every year. By 2040, that number is predicted to double. And even though theres a lot of talk about recycling, only 9% of all the plastic ever (produce) has been recycled.Plastic gives off dangerous gases when if s made and al
11、so when its burned or buried in the ground.Scientists say plastics are responsible 4.5% of the worlds greenhouse gases- -the gases that are driving the climate crisis.Plastic doesntdecompose(腐烂)“like natural materials. Instead, it just breaks into smaller and smaller pieces. And as the plastics (fil
12、l) our world break down, they create new problem- microplastics.Microplastics are so tiny that (they) existence is usually ignored. In the past few years,microplastics(find) almost everywhere, from the North pole to Antarctica, from the top of the Earths (high) mountain to the deepest point in the s
13、ea. Theyve even appeared in the bodies of animals including humans.答案以及解析1 .答案：that/which解析：考查定语从句。句意：我们可以在不同的领域做很多事情来减少患艾滋病的危险。分析句 子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是many things,指物，从句中作动词do的宾语，用关系代 词 which 或者 that,故填 that/whicho2 .答案：that/which/不填解析：考查定语从句。句意：孩子们在与电视中的人物的单向关系中花费的时间无疑会影响他们 在现实生活中的人际关系。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语
14、从句，先行词为the hours,关系代词 which或that引导从句，在从句中作spent的宾语，可省略。故填that/which/不填。3 .答 案： where/on which解析：句意：EBay、Amazon Wall Mart都是人们可以彼此出售物品的很受欢迎的网站。此题考 查定语从句，本句的先行词是websites.在定语从句中，成分已经完整，故只能用关系副词引导定 语从句，网站是“地点”，因此使用表示地点的关系副词where/on which。4 .答案：where解析：考查定语从句关系词。句意：在这个2020年新型冠状病毒爆发后发生了很多变化的世界， 我们很需要同情。分析句
15、子，该空需要一个关系词引导定语从句修饰先行词this world, “在这 个的世界里”，定语从句中主语是changes,谓语动词take place。不及物无被动。所以关系 词代替先行词在从句中做地点状语，所以应填where。故填where。5 .答案：when解析：先行词days在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。6 .答案：where解析：句子的先行词是spot,在定语从句中作地点状语，因此使用Where引导定语从句故答案为：Where o.答案：why解析：句意：这是他上学迟到的理由。用why引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词reason,在定语从句 中充当
16、原因状语。故答案为This is the reason why he was late for school?o.答案：when解析：根据句意和所给局部可知这句话使用when引导定语从句，修饰an age“一个年纪”,在定语从 句中作状语、故填when。7 .答案：that解析：句意:中国的教育体制在很多方面都不同于西方国家的教育体制。根据句意可知，此处应用 that指代前面已经提到过的单数名词the education systemo8 .答案：from； whom解析：句意:他是我向他借这本词典的那个学生。borrowsth. from sb固定短语，“向某人借”，的先 行词是the st
17、udent,在从句中作from的宾语，因此答案为from;whom.9 .答案:that解析：句意:他高兴地谈起了在学校让他非常感兴趣的那些人和书。定语从句缺少主语，应用关系代 词;当定语从句先行词既有人又有物时，应用that引导。10 .答案:why解析：这是一个定语从句冼行词是two reasons,在句中作原因状语,所以用why来引导。故填why。11 .答案：whose解析：考查完成句子。句意:我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经常吵闹。本句是定语从句，现行 词是couple在定语从句中做定语,应该用whose引导，所以填whose。12 .答案：which解析：考查定语从句。句意：百慕
18、大三角是大西洋上的一个区域，成百上千的船只和飞机在这里 奇怪地消失了。结合句意分析句子可知定语从句的先行词为an area,表地点，并在定语从句中用 作介词in的宾语，因此使用which引导定语从句。故答案为：whicho13 .答案：who/that解析：考查定语从句。句意为:到2035年,经常参加身体锻炼的关数将占人口总数的45%。分析句 子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句，先行词是“People”,指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who或者 that引导该从句。故填who/thato14 .答案：1. absorbed2. characters3. who/that4. With5. to
19、make6. walking?. so8. actually9. more comfortable 10. will be created解析：(1) absorbed.考查过去分词。句意:虚拟现实游戏有生动而刺激的电脑制作场景，常常让我们完全沉 浸在电子游戏中，就好像我们是其中的一个角色。根据句子结构可知，句中allows为谓语动词，设空 处应该使用非谓语动词。be absorbed in意为沉浸于，其逻辑主语us与absorb构成被动关系，故使用 过去分词作表语。故填写absorbed.(2) characters.考查可数名词的复数。句意：墟拟现实游戏有生动而刺激的电脑制作场景，常常让我
20、 们完全沉浸在电子游戏中，就好像我们是其中的一个角色。根据句子结构可知:设空处应该填写名词 作宾语。character为可数名词，意为”角色工 其复数为characters。此处表示的复数概念，即许多角 色。故填 characters.who/that.考查定语从句。句意:它也可以用来治疗广场恐惧症患者，这是一种对出现在公共场所 的强烈恐惧。根据句子结构可知，设空处引导的是定语从句，在句中作主语，指代先行词patients为 人。故填who/thatWith.考查介词。句意:戴上VR设备，患者将进入一个360度的虚拟世界。根据句子结构可知，设 空处应该填写介词，构成个词短语作状语。根据句意,w
21、ith意为”伴随，带有”，符合句意;同时该单词置 于句首，首字母需大写。故填With(5) to make.考查动词不定式。句意:它能帮助患者克服恐惧，鼓起勇气与走向他们的人进行眼神交 流。根据句中take可知，设空处应该填写非谓语动词。take courage to do sth意为鼓起勇气去做某 事,to do不定式作目的状语。make eye contact为固定搭配意为进行眼神交流。故填to make。(6) walking.考查现在分词。句意：:它能帮助患者克服恐惧，鼓起勇气与走向他们的人进行眼神交 流。根据句中take可知，设空处应该填写非谓语动词。people和walk之间是主动
22、关系且表示动作正 在进行。故使用现在分词作后置定语。walk意为“走”其现在分词为walking。故填walking。(7) so.考查固定搭配。句意:这些场景如此地逼真以至于可以帮助病人适应新的环境。根据句中 that可知，设空处填写的是sothat”构成固定搭配。意为“如此,以至”s.符合句意。故填sooactually.考查副词。句意:这些场景如此地逼真以至于可以帮助病人适应新的环境。根据句子结 构可知，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词helpo actual为形容词，意为“实际的“，其副词为actuaHy.故填 actually.(8) more comfortable.考查比拟级。句意:这
23、样他们在公共场合会感觉更舒服，在现实生活中与陌生人 互动时也会更自信。根据句中and more confident可知,设空处也应该填写比拟级与其并列，作表 语。comfortable为形容词，意为舒服的淇比拟级是more comfortableo故填more comfortable.(9) will be created.考查动词时态及语态。句意:随着VR功能的日益强大，未来将会创立很多场景 来帮助患者处理常见的社交场合。根据句子结构可知,设空处应该填写谓语动词。many scenes与 create之间为被动关系，同时句中的in the future描述的是将来发生的事情。故应该使用一般将
24、来时 的被动。create为动词，意为“创造”淇将来时的被动为will be created.故填will be created.17.答案：1. that/which2. objects3. currently4. produced5. for6. filling?. a8. their9. have been found 10. highest解析：这是一篇说明文。世界各国领导人在联合国环境大会(UNEA)第五次会议上同意，到2024年,他们 将创立并签署一项新的塑料条约。新条约将制定有助于控制塑料废物的国际法。文章主要说明了 全球的塑料污染问题和带来的危害。小题1考查定语从句。句意:新条
25、约将制定有助于控制塑料垃圾的国际法律。定语从句修饰先行 词laws冼行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填what/which小题2考查名词。句意:到处都能找到很多塑料制品。object为可数名词，由dozens of修饰应用复 数形式。故填objects.小题3考查副词。句意:联合国环境规划署(UNEP)报告称，目前每年生产4亿吨塑料。修饰后文整 个句子应用副词currently,作状语。故填currently.小题4考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管有很多关于回收的讨论，但所有生产的塑料只有9%被回收。分 析句子结构可知produce在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主
26、语plastic构成被动关系，故用过去分 词作定语。故填produced,小题5考查介词。句意:科学家说，塑料造成了全球4.5%的温室气体，而这些体正是导致气候危机的 原因。此处表负责,短语为be responsible for。故填for.小题6考查非谓语动词。句意:当填充我们世界的塑料分解时，它们产生了一个新问题微塑料。分 析句子结构可知fill在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语plastics构成主动关系，故用现在分词 作定语。故填行Hing.小题7考查冠词。句意:当填充我们世界的塑料分解时，它们产生了一个新问题一-微塑料。 problem为可数名词,此处为泛指且new是发音以辅音音素
27、开头的单词。故填a。小题8考查代词。句意:微塑料非常微小，它们的存在通常被忽略。修饰后文名词existence应用形 容词性物主代词their.故填their。小题9考查时态语态。句意:在过去的几年里，从北极到南极洲,从地球最高的山顶到海洋最深的地 方,几乎到处都能发现微塑料。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文In the past few years”可知应用现 在完成时的被动语态，主语为microplastics,助动词用have.故填have been found,小题10考查最高级。句意:在过去的几年里，从北极到南极洲,从地球最高的山顶到海洋最深的地 方,几乎到处都能发现微塑料。根据上文from the top of the Earths”以及后文deepest point in the sea”可知应用high的最高级。故填 highest,