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1、2023年高考英语新课标新增词突破专题04 首字母E新增词突破【目录】E1.ease 2.economic 3.efficient 4.elderly 5.election 6.element 7.elsewhere 8.embarrassed 9.emerge 10.emotion 11.emphasis 12.enable 13.encounter 14.engage 15.English 16.enhance 17.enormous 18.ensure 19.entirely 20.entitle 21.episode 22.equator 23.establish 24.essenti
2、al 25.establish 26.estate 27.estimate 28.eve 29.exactly 30.exceptional 31.excited 32.exciting 33.expansion 34.exposure 35.extend 36.external 37.extinction 38.extremely 【词性及词义】E1.ease n. U 舒适；悠闲；自在；容易；不费力 vi. & vt. 减轻；缓解；（使）小心缓慢地移动2.economic adj. 经济（学）的；经济上的；有利可图的；合算的3.efficient adj. 有效率的；高效能的4.elder
3、ly adj. （人）较老的；上了年纪的5.election n. C & U 选举；推选6.element n. C 要素；基本部分；（化学）元素7.elsewhere adv. 在别处；到别处8.embarrassed adj. 尴尬的9.emerge vi. & vt. 浮现；出现；（事实等）显露，暴露10.emotion n. C & U 感情；情绪；激情11.emphasis n. C & U 强调；重视；重读；重音；加重语气12.enable vt. 使能够；使成为可能13.encounter vt. 遇到（问题等）；偶然碰到（某人） n. C 相遇；邂逅14.engage vt.
4、 & vi. （使）参加；（使）参与 vt. 吸引（住） vt. 雇用；聘请15.English n. U & C 英语；英文；U 英语学科；（the English）英格兰人adj. 英语的；英格兰（人）的；英国（人）的16.enhance vt. 增强17.enormous adj. 巨大的；庞大的18.ensure vt. 确保；保证19.entirely adv. 全部地；完全地20.entitle vt. 给取名 / 命名；使有权利 / 资格21.episode n. C （电视连续剧或广播剧的）一集22.equator n. 用单数，常用作the equator赤道23.estab
5、lish vt. 建立；创立；设立；确立；立足；得到认可24.essential adj. 必不可少的；最重要的；本质的25.establish vt. 建立；创立；设立；确立；立足；得到认可26.estate n. C 庄园；种植园；C 房地产；上有大片建筑物的土地；C & U 个人全部财产（尤指遗产)27.estimate vt. 估计；估算；估价 n. C 估计；估算；估价28.eve n. C （节日或重大事件的）前夜；前夕29.exactly adv. 确切地；恰好；正是30.exceptional adj. 杰出的；罕见的31.excited adj. 兴奋的；激动的32.exci
6、ting adj. 令人兴奋的；使人激动的33.expansion n. C & U 扩大；扩张；扩充34.exposure n. U 暴露；显露；U 揭露；揭发35.extend vt. 伸开；展开；伸出 vt. & vi. （使）延伸；（使）延长 vt. & vi. （使）扩大；（使）扩展36.external adj. 外（面）的；外部的37.extinction n. U 灭绝；消亡38.extremely adv. 极其；非常【经典例句】1.economic adj. 经济（学）的；经济上的；有利可图的；合算的Conditions were set fair for stable e
7、conomic development. 形势适合经济稳定发展。This will not be possible in the changed economic climate. 这在经济气候已经改变的条件下是不可能的。This chapter explores the linkage between economic development and the environment. 本章探讨的是经济发展与环境之间的关系。2.efficient adj. 有效率的；高效能的As we get older, our bodies become less efficient at burning
8、 up calories. 随着一天天衰老，我们的身体消耗热量的功能逐渐减弱。The service at the hotel is efficient and unobtrusive. 那旅馆的服务工作有效率而不夸张。They had welded a bunch of untrained recruits into an efficient fighting force. 他们把一群未经训练的新兵组织成了一支有战斗力的部队。An efficient transport system is critical to the long-term future of London. 高效的公共交通
9、系统对伦敦长远的未来至关重要。3.embarrassed adj. 尴尬的The young man looked embarrassed, as if he were a spy whose cover had been blown. 那个年轻人看起来局促不安，就好像他是一个身份暴露的间谍一样。My wife has become crippled by arthritis. She is embarrassed to ask the doctor about it 我妻子因为患关节炎腿瘸了。她不好意思去向医生询问相关病情。I, in my turn, became embarrassed
10、and huffy and told her to take the money back. 这下轮到我既尴尬又气愤了，我告诉她把钱拿回去。She now felt doubly guilty; she had embarrassed Franklin and she had cost her partner money 她现在心里倍感内疚：她既让富兰克林丢了面子，又让自己的合伙人损失了钱。4.enormous adj. 巨大的；庞大的The Small Firms Service holds an enormous amount of information on any business
11、problem 小型企业服务处备有关于各种商务问题的海量信息。It was an enormous task that affected every stratum of society 这是一项影响到社会各阶层的重大工作。I have had an enormous number of letters from single parents 我已经收到了大量单亲家长的来信。The developing countries bear the burden of an enormous external debt 发展中国家背负着巨额外债。Worldwide, an enormous amoun
12、t of research effort goes into military technology. 在世界范围内，大量的研究精力都投入到军事技术上。5.essential adj. 必不可少的；最重要的；本质的The agreement is essential to spurring economic growth around the world. 这项协议对于促进世界经济的增长是至关重要的。A degree is an essential prerequisite for employment at this level. 学位是做这级工作必备的先决条件。A firewall pro
13、vides an essential security blanket for your computer network. 防火墙为计算机网络提供了基本安全保障。The essential character of the town has been destroyed by the new road. 这个城镇的主要特色被这条新公路毁了。The studio had all the essentials like heating and running water. 工作室里备有基本设施，如暖气装置和自来水。6.establish vt. 建立；创立；设立；确立；立足；得到认可Scient
14、ists have established a connection between cholesterol levels and heart disease. 科学家已证实胆固醇含量与心脏病之间有关联。They have established that his injuries were caused by a fall. 他们已经证实他是摔伤的。He has just set up his own business but it will take him a while to get established. 他刚建立起自己的公司，但要站稳脚跟还得花上一段时间。Doctors foun
15、d it hard to establish the precise nature of her illness. 医生们难以判定她的确切病因。It is now firmly established as one of the leading brands in the country. 现在它已稳稳地确立为国内主要品牌之一。7.expansion n. C & U 扩大；扩张；扩充The new digital technology would allow a rapid expansion in the number of TV channels. 新的数字技术将会使电视频道的数量迅速增
16、加。The vast expansion in secondary education is putting an enormous strain on the system. 中等教育的大幅扩张正对该系统造成巨大压力。The company has abandoned plans for further expansion. 该公司已经放弃了进一步扩张的计划。The expansion of Western capitalism incorporated the Third World into an exploitative world system. 西方资本主义的扩张将第三世界并入了剥
17、削性的世界体系中。This revolutionary expansion required energetic nation-building policies. 这种跨越式的扩张需要有活力的国家建设政策。8.exposure n. U 暴露；显露；U 揭露；揭发Have you ever had any skin problems connected with exposure to the sun? 你曾因日晒出现过皮肤问题吗？He was suffering from exposure and shock but his condition was said to be stable
18、他被冻伤了，而且出现了休克，但是据说情况稳定。Continuous exposure to sound above 80 decibels could be harmful. 持续暴露在强度高于80分贝的噪声中可能有害。Larger drawings tend to require two or three exposures to cover them. 较大的图画往往需要两三张胶片才能拍下来。9.external adj. 外（面）的；外部的Women tend to attribute their success to external causes such as luck. 女性倾向
19、于将她们的成功归因于外部因素，比如运气。Community leaders want to strengthen controls at external frontiers 社区领导想要加强对小区外围的管理。Those things that can be assessed by external tests are being given unduly high status 那些可以通过外部测试来评估的东西被过于重视了。10.extremely adv. 极其；非常Despite his protestation to the contrary, he was extremely tir
20、ed. 他已筋疲力尽，尽管他极力否认这一点。Most Middle Eastern countries have extremely high rates of population growth 大多数中东国家的人口增长率都极高。All this had an extremely negative effect on the criminal justice system. 这一切对刑事司法制度产生了极坏的影响。His main problem was the extremely smoky atmosphere at work. 他面临的主要问题就是：工作场所总是烟雾弥漫。【巩固练习】Th
21、ese policies could cause severe (economy) and social dislocation.The bridge will remain closed until (必不可少的) repair work has been carried out. Under its new conductor, the orchestra (establish) an international reputation. He appeared (embarrass) and ill at ease with the sustained applause that gree
22、ted him. These people are very (高效的), very organized and excellent time managers. The situation is (extreme) fluid and it can be changing from day to day. Future (expand) of the business calls for two new factories. Food allergies can result in an (大量的) variety of different symptoms. 【参考答案】 economic essential has established embarrassed efficient extremely expansion enormous学科网（北京）股份有限公司