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1、（北京专用）2021届高三英语下学期全真模拟卷5 （含解析）（考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：100分）A group of doves （鸽子）flew long distances but did not get anything to eat. All of them were now pletely 1 .A young dove asked the King Dove, “Please allow us to take a 2 . The king replied, “Have courage, my dear. We shall surely get something to eat
2、 very soon. ”The young dove started waving his 3 with force and soon left everyone behind. After some time, he turned back and spoke to the others, “I see lots of 4 down there. ”Hearing this, all the doves started rushing towards the grains under a tree. 5the KingDove said, “There is something wrong
3、. It may be a trap. ” But the doves were very6 , andthe grains were too inviting. Without giving a thought to the king s 7 , they flew down and started eating the grains. After having a big 8 , they tried to fly away only to find that they were caught in a net. Then the King Dove said, “All of you m
4、ust try to fly with the 9 at the same time and in the same direction, all of you. ”Just then they saw a 10 approaching towards them. The King Dove said, “Now all of you, fly together” .So all the doves flew away together with the net. The hunter couldn t believe what he had just seen.1.A.excitedB.pl
5、easedC.tiredD.surprised2.A.restB.walkC.chanceD.step3.A.wingsB.clawsc.feetD.hands4.A.cornB.ricec.peasD.grains5.A.SadlyB.Gladlyc.SuddenlyD.Gradually6.A.angryB.hungryc.thirstyD.sleepy7.A.kiddingB.warningc.lyingD.cheating8.A.partyB.dreamc.breakD.meal9.A.netB.grainsc.hunterD.leader10.A.dogB.farmerc.hunte
6、rD.cat【答案】L C 2. A3.A 4. D5. C 6. B 7. B8. D9. A 10. Ckids are not ready for the ups and downs of games. Tryouts and travel teams e next, giving too many kids the message they are “not good” at sports. So lots of kids quit sports and start playing more video games.Maybe everyone in youth sports, inc
7、luding coaches, parents and kids, should think more about the advantages of real sports.27. What are “esports” according to the text?A. Sports events on television screens.B. Video puter game petitions.C. The latest sports in the Olympic Games.D. Easy sports games for kids.28. What might the author
8、think of “esports” ?A. They are not instructive.B. They should be banned in school.C. They need too much time and money.D. They have some negative influence on children.29. What does the underlined word “exertion” in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Growth.C. Effort.B. Fitness.D. Energy.30. What is the author? s
9、 purpose in writing the text?A. To introduce a new kind of sport.B. To introduce a petition held in Beijing.C. To explain the importance of playing sports.D. To call on people to pay more attention to traditional sports.【答案】B D C D【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。文中作者介绍了电子竞技受欢迎的现象，表达了对此现象的担忧。建议我们看到真正运动 的好处，呼吁人们更多地关注传
10、统体育。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的 In esports, players and teams pete in popular video puter games such as Dota 2 and Ovenvatch. Fans fill arenas to watch the action live on huge television screens. 可知，在电子竞技中，玩家和团队在Dota2和Ovenvatch等流行的电子游戏中竞争。粉丝们挤满了球场， 在巨大的电视屏幕上观看现场直播。由此可知，电子竞技是电脑游戏的比赛。故选B。28题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的I
11、 know that some games can be educational, but I think too many kids spend too much time sitting in front of a screen shooting space aliens. I think it would be better if kids spent more time reading or playing real sports such as basketball, baseball and soccer.（我 知道有些游戏是有教育意义的，但我认为太多的孩子花太多的时间坐在屏幕前射
12、击外星人。我认为如果孩 子们能花更多的时间来阅读或玩真正的运动，比如篮球、棒球和足球，那就更好了）及第五段中的I don，t think anyone works up much of a sweat playing video games.（我认为没有人会在玩电子游戏时大汗淋 漓）和最后段中的 Maybe everyone in youth sports, including coaches, parents and kids, should think more about the advantages of real sports.（也许每个年轻人，包括教练、父母和孩子，都应该多想想 体
13、育运动的好处）可推知，作者认为电子竞技对孩子们造成了一些消极影响。故选D。29题详解】词义猜测题。此处是作者从美国传统辞典上查阅的关于运动的定义，an activity involving physical exertionand skill.划线词语由physical修饰，结合常识和下句much of a sweat可知，此处指体力活 动，身体的努力。与选项中的Effort同义。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。文中作者介绍了电子竞技受欢迎的现象，表达了对此现象的担忧。根据第四段中的I think it would be better if kids spent more time read
14、ing or playing real sports such as basketball, baseball and soccer.（我认为如果孩子们能花更多的时间来阅读或玩真正的运动，比如篮球、棒球和足球，那就更 好了）和最后段中的 Maybe everyone in youth sports, including coaches, parents and kids, should think more about the advantages of real sports.（也许每个年轻人，包括教练、父母和孩子，都应该 多想想体育运动的好处）可知，作者呼吁人们应该更多地关注传统体育。故选
15、D。【点睛】词义猜测题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系 猜词（代词或者名词）。本文中考查的是生词词义猜测。这种题型的解法主要是在划线词所在句子的前后找 到该句话的同义句或者释义句，再根据同义句或者释义句的意思推断出划线单词的意思。例如本文第3题, 此处是作者从美国传统辞典上查阅的关于运动的定义，an activity involving physical exertionand skill.划线词语由physical修饰，结合常识和下句much of a sweat可知，此处指体力活动，身体的努力。 与选项中的Effort同义。故选C。DLanguag
16、e is perhaps the most distinctive of human characteristics, but its evolution remains a mystery. Our munication is enhanced by turn taking （轮流说话）一 or the orderly exchange of municative signals 一 which has been found to be largely universal across cultures. But this turntaking behavior is actually wi
17、despread across the animal kingdom, according to a largescale review of studies published in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.In the study, the researchers stressed that one of the marks of turntaking across all species is fine timing. For example, i
18、n some species of songbird, the gap between the calls of two different birds is often less than 50 milliseconds. On the other hand, munication in some species is much slower. As for sperm whales, the gap between each vocal exchange is around two seconds. In humans, there is usually a gap of roughly
19、200 milliseconds between turns in a conversation.While many studies have focused on turntaking behavior in animals, we still know very little about it, partly because the reports are so varied that largescale crossspecies parison is all but impossible, according to the researchers. uOverall, direct
20、parisons of turntaking skills of nonhuman animals in relation to language origins are highly limited by lack of data, the application of different terms, different study methods and study environments, the authors wrote in the study. Furthermore, investigations have so far mainly been focusing on si
21、ngle call types or songs of species, limiting a deeper understanding of the variability of turningtaking systems found in the animal kingdom.In light of this, the researchers proposed a new framework for future studies on turntaking to make crossspecies parisons easier. The goal of the framework is
22、to promote largescale crossspecies parisonsv , Kobin Kendrick, from the University of York s Department of Language and Linguistic Science, said in a statement. Such a framework will allow researchers to trace the history of this evolution of remarkable turntaking behavior and solve old questions ab
23、out the origins of human language. ”31. What can we learn from the text?A. Turntaking behavior in all species is well timed.B. Language is the least distinctive of human characteristics.C. The gap between turns in a human conversation is about two seconds.D. Relatively speaking, the gap between the
24、calls of two birds is longer.32. What makes the nonhuman animal language studies difficult according to the text?a. Lack of data.b. Lack of money.c. Varied reportsandstudies.d. The applicationofdifferent terms.A. a b cB. b c dC. a b dD. a c d33. We can infer from the text that .A. crossspecies paris
25、on is the hardest to study in the evolution of languageB. turntaking in animal munication between species is difficult to findC. nonhuman language studies should be focused on single call typesD. the turntaking behavior of animals is similar to that of human beings34. Why did the researchers put for
26、ward a new framework?A. To encourage more studies on the evolution of turntaking behaviour.B. To build a link between animal munication and human language.C. To make largescale crossspecies parisons of turntaking easier.D. To guide other researchers in how to study animal munication.【答案】31. A 32. D
27、33. D 34. C【解析】本文是说明文。研究发现轮流说话行为实际上在动物界也很普遍，动物的轮流说话行为与人类相似。但对 动物语言的研究还存在许多困难，研究者们不断提出新方法来促进大规模的跨物种比较。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的 But this turntaking behavior is actually widespread across the animal kingdom, according to a largescale review of studies published in the journal Philosophical Transactions of
28、the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.（但是，根据发表在英国皇家学会哲学 学报B：生物科学上的一篇大规模研究综述，这种轮流的行为实际上在动物王国中很普遍）可知，这种轮 流说话的行为实际上在动物界很普遍。再根据第二段中的In the study, the researchers stressed that one of the marks of turntaking across all species is fine timing.（在这项研究中，研究人员强调， 所有物种轮流的标志之一是良好的时机）并列举了鸣鸟、抹香鲸和人类声音间隔的例子。由此可知，
29、所有物 种的轮流说话行为都是有定时性的。故选A。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，报告差异很大，缺乏数据，不同术语的运用加剧了非人类动物语言研 究的困难。缺乏资金未提到。故选D。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的 But this turntaking behavior is actually widespread across the animal kingdom, according to a largescale review of studies published in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Ro
30、yal Society B: Biological Sciences.（但是，根据发表在英国皇家学会哲学 学报B：生物科学上的一篇大规模研究综述，这种轮流的行为实际上在动物王国中很普遍）可知，这种轮 流说话的行为实际上在动物界很普遍。再根据第二段中的In the study, the researchers stressed that one of the marks of turntaking across all species is fine timing.（在这项研究中，研究人员强调， 所有物种轮流的标志之一是良好的时机）可知，定时性是所有物种轮流说话行为的标志之一。由此推知，动 物的
31、轮流说话行为与人类相似。故选D。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 In light of this, the researchers proposed a new framework for future studies on turntaking to make crossspecies parisons easier. The goal of the framework is to promote largescale crossspecies parisons”（鉴于此，研究人员提出了一个新的框架，未来的研究转向， 使跨物种比较更容易。“该框架的目标是促进大规模的跨物种比较”）
32、可知，研究人员提出的一个未来研究 的新框架的目标是促进大规模的跨物种比较。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A new coronavirus, a cousin of the SARS virus, has infected more than 200 people since the outbreak began in Wuhan, China, in December. Scientist Leo Poon, who first decoded the virus, thinks it li
33、kely started in an animal and spread to humans. The World Health Organization offered guidance to countries. 35What is a coronavirus36 In rare cases, they are what scientists call zoonotic （人畜共患病），meaning they can be transmitted from animals to humans, according to the US Centers for Disease Control
34、 and Prevention.Coronavirus symptomsThe viruses can make people sick, usually with a mild to moderate upper respiratory （呼吸 的）tract illness, similar to a mon cold. Coronavirus symptoms include a runny nose, cough, sore throat, possibly a headache and maybe a fever. 37For those with a weakened immune
35、 system, the elderly and the very young, there s a chance the virus could cause a lower, and much more serious, respiratory tract illness like a pneumonia or bronchitis.38 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, also known as the MERS virus, was first reported in the Middle East in 2012 and also causes re
36、spiratory problems, but those symptoms are much more severe. Three to four out of every 10 patients infected with MERS died, according to the CDC. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, also known as SARS, is the other coronavirus that can cause more severe symptoms. First identified in the Guangdong pr
37、ovince in southern China, according to the WHO, it causes respiratory problems but can also cause diarrhea, fatigue, shortness of breath, respiratory distress and kidney failure. It also results in death.How it spreadsViruses can spread from human contact with animals. 39 With SARS, scientists suspe
38、cted civet cats were to blame. When it es to humantohuman transmission of the viruses, often it happens when someone es into contact with the infected person s secretions.A. Here are several suggestions for you about a coronavirus.B. There are a handful of human coronaviruses that are known to be de
39、adly.C. Scientists think MERS started in camels, according to the WHO.D. Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses that are mon among animals.E. There are all kinds of coronaviruses existing in the world.F. Here are several things you should know about a coronavirus.G. They can last for a couple of
40、 days.【答案】35. F 36. D 37. G 38. B 39. C【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了新冠状病毒的一些情况，包括什么是冠状病毒，冠状病毒的症状，危害及传播 方式。【35题详解】上文介绍了新冠状病毒自去年12月在中国武汉爆发，世界卫生组织为各国提供了指导。下文是冠状病毒的 详细情况，空处应该承上启下，F 项：Here are several things you should know about a coronavirus.（下 面是关于冠状病毒你应该知道的几件事）符合文意，故选F。【36题详解】本段标题是：什么是冠状病毒？空处应该对其定义，D项：Coronavirus
41、es are a large group of viruses that are mon among animals.（冠状病毒是一种常见的动物病毒）介绍了什么是冠状病毒，是对问题的回答。 故选Do【37题详解】本段主要介绍冠状病毒的症状，上句介绍冠状病毒的症状包括流鼻涕，咳嗽，喉咙痛，可能是头痛，也可 能是发烧。G项：They can last for a couple of days.（它们可以持续几天）是介绍症状持续的时间,符 合题意。They指代上句的Coronavirus symptomso故选G。【38题详解】根据本段中 Middle East Respiratory Syndro
42、me, also known as the MERS virus,和 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, also known as SARS,可知，本段是介绍这两种冠状病毒对人类的危害。B项：There are a handful of human coronaviruses that are known to be deadly.（已知有几种人类冠状病毒是致 命的）概括了本段内容，引出下文。故选B。【39题详解】本段介绍冠状病毒的传播方式，上句介绍病毒可通过与动物接触传播，下句提到SARS的传播和civet cats 有关，C 项 Scientists t
43、hink MERS started in camels, according to the WHO.（据世界卫生组织称，科 学家认为MERS起源于骆驼）与下句并列，指出MERS可能和camels有关。故选C。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）The latest sports craze is not even a sport. According to a recent article, “esports” are attracting a large number of audience.In esports,
44、 players and teams pete in popular video puter games such as Dota 2 and Ovenvatch.Fans fill arenas to watch the action live on huge television screens.The games have gone way past kids playing against each other while sitting on a sofa at home. The International, a major petition for players of Dota
45、 2, awarded $24 million in prizes, with the winner taking home almost $11 million. A recent esports petition attracted more than 80,000 fans to the Olympic Stadium in Beijing, China.I have to admit that I am not a big fan of puter games. I know that some games can be educational, but I think too man
46、y kids spend too much time sitting in front of a screen shooting space aliens. I think it would be better if kids spent more time reading or playing real sports such as basketball, baseball and soccer.And please don t tell me that petitive gaming is real sport because it requires handeye coordinatio
47、n. According to my American Heritage Dictionary, a sport is “an activity involving physical exertionand skill. I don t think anyone works up much of a sweat playing video games.Too often, regular sports send kids a kind of message. petition starts early, when lots of kids are not ready for the ups a
48、nd downs of games. Tryouts and travel teams e next, giving too many kids the message they are “not good“ at sports. So lots of kids quit sports and start playing more video games.Maybe everyone in youth sports, including coaches, parents and kids, should think more about the advantages of real sports.40. What are “esports” according to the text?41. What might the author think of “esports” ?42. Please decide which pa