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1、2023年全国英语竞赛A类研究生初赛试题及答案单选题1.There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are（江南博哥） four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.It is a bit scar
2、y riding this elevator because it _ at such a rapid rate.A.decreasesB.descendsC.devaluesD.declines 正确答案：B参考解析：句意：乘电梯有点吓人，因为它下降的速度太快了。四个选项都有“下降”的含义，但是descend表示空间位置的从高到低，decrease专指数值上的下降，decline表示数量或能量的下降，devalue表示货币贬值或者价值降低。电梯是空间上的下降。故选B。单选题2.An increasing proportion of our population unable to live
3、without advanced medical _, will become progressively more reliant on expensive technology.A.interferenceB.interruptionC.interventionD.interaction 正确答案：C参考解析：句意：我们当中越来越多的人离了医疗干预就无法生活，将会越来越依赖高昂的医疗技术。intervention干预，介入。interference（收音机或电视机受到的）干扰信号。interrupt打断，插嘴。interaction相互影响，相互作用。故选C。单选题3.Sometimes
4、the student may be asked to write about his _ to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied.A.commentB.reactionC.impressionD.comprehension 正确答案：B参考解析：句意：有时，学生可能会被要求写出他对某本书或某篇与所学主题有关的文章的反馈。reaction反应，回应。comment评论，意见。impression印象，感想。comprehension理解力，领悟力。根据语境可知，此处要求学生写
5、的应该是读后感等读书过后的反馈信息。故选B。单选题4.Profiles of former members are preserved _ people want to reactivate their accounts.A.in caseB.in thatC.even ifD.so that 正确答案：A参考解析：句意：前会员的个人资料会被保存下来，以防人们想要重新激活他们的账户。in case以防万一。in that由于。even if即时。根据句意可知此处为条件状语从句。so that以便。故选A。单选题5.These days, much of the family conversat
6、ion _ her. What are we going to do about Grandma?A.talks aboutB.centres onC.speaks ofD.attaches to 正确答案：A参考解析：句意：这些天，很多家庭谈话都在谈论她。我们该拿奶奶怎么办？talk about谈论，讨论。centre on以为中心。speak of提到或讨论某个话题或人。attach to附着在。根据语境可知，主要是有很多家庭都在谈论奶奶，而speak of侧重于表示的是“提到或提及”，talk about表示的是讨论或者谈论的对象。故选A。单选题6.Take, _, what happe
7、ned during my Christmas holidays when I was eleven.A.for allB.for instanceC.for goodD.for ever 正确答案：B参考解析：句意：举个例子，我十一岁的时候，圣诞节假期发生了什么事。for instance例如，用于引出一个具体的例子，以说明或解释前面提到的事物。for all尽管，虽然。for good永久地，彻底地。for ever永远。故选B。单选题7.If you dont do good in school, you can _ another fifty years of this kind of
8、 work.A.look afterB.look down uponC.look upD.look forward to 正确答案：D参考解析：句意：如果你在学校表现不好，你可以期待一下接下来五十年都做这种工作。look forward to期待，盼望。look after照顾，照料。look down upon看不起。look up查找；查阅。故选D。单选题8.And the skills you sharpen to ease a tense relationship will _ throughout your career.A.do in your standB.stand in yo
9、ur lightC.stand you in good steadD.take a stand against you 正确答案：C参考解析：句意：你为缓和紧张关系而磨练的技巧将在你的整个职业生涯中对你有利。stand in good stead对有利，有好处。此处为固定用法。故选C。单选题9.Have you decided yet?Yes, well _ the cheaper option.A.take overB.go forC.set outD.make up 正确答案：B参考解析：句意：你决定了吗？是的，我们将选择更便宜的一项。go for选择。take over接管。set ou
10、t出发；开始。make up化妆；弥补。故选B。单选题10.Because so few people showed _ for the meeting, we decided to postpone it to a later date.A.outB.downC.offD.up 正确答案：D参考解析：句意：由于太少人出席这次会议，我们决定将会议延迟到晚一点的日子。show up出席，露面。show out引导出去。show down摊牌。show off炫耀。故选D。单选题11.It was only _ the house was so old _ she sold it.A.since;
11、 soB.because; thatC.because; soD.since; that 正确答案：B参考解析：句意：只是因为房子太旧了，她才把它卖了。分析句子结构可以发现，it was和第二空构成强调句型，故第二空填入that。去掉强调句结构，前后两句存在因果关系，且表示的是直接的原因，故第一空用because。故选B。单选题12.According to one belief, if truth is to be known it will make itself apparent, so one _ wait instead of searching for it.A.cant help
12、B.had toC.cant butD.had best 正确答案：D参考解析：句意：根据一种信念，如果要知道真理，它会自己显现出来，所以人们最好等待，而不是去寻找它。此处为固定句型had better do sth. instead of doing sth.，意为“最好做某事，而不是做某事”。故选D。单选题13.It looks like this restaurant is closed. What shall we do? Im so hungry!I know a caf that stays open late. I can call and check if theyre sti
13、ll open. If you dont mind ordering sandwiches, that is. _I dont mind sandwiches. I guess we shouldnt have waited till so late to eat.A.Dont worry. Ill pay.B.Thats all they serve.C.Ill find some place thats open.D.You wont believe this. 正确答案：B参考解析：对话中的两人在讨论吃饭的餐厅，前面提到其餐厅都关门了，对话中的人打算去打电话问对方是否还在营业，但是前提是
14、对话中的另一个人不介意吃三明治，后面对方也表示不介意，所以此处衔接对话上下文，也应该与餐厅提供的食物有关，B选项“这就是他们提供的全部”符合语境。故选B。单选题14.I called the Grand Hotel this morning and booked you a room for Wednesday and Thursday nights.Would you mind calling back and asking them to add a night? Id like to stay over Friday and get some sightseeing in._ Right
15、 now I have to finish typing these reports.A.Fine. Thats not a problem.B.Just please dont forget to do it.C.Ill do it after lunch, if you think its OK.D.You mean three nights? Ill be back immediately. 正确答案：C参考解析：横线前两人讨论到定了周三和周四晚上的酒店，并且提到是否介意再加一晚，周五再住一天，横线后回答说目前现在要打印报告，也就是说再去预定加一晚这个事情要晚点再做，C项符合语境。A项和
16、B项与后半句目前我正在做的事情无关，前后不衔接。D项提到“我很快会回来”与后文也无关。故选C。单选题15.May I see your ticket, please? Thank you. Youre in Row 10, Seat A, right next to the window.Great. Thanks. Can you tell me how long the flight will be?There shouldnt be any delays on a nice cloudless day like today, so I expect well be arriving ri
17、ght on schedule at 2:30. _A.Welcome to everyone on board.B.Well probably be about 15 minutes late.C.Ill explain the situation to everyone.D.Well begin food service in about half an hour. 正确答案：D参考解析：前文两者在讨论航班信息，检查完机票后，对方询问航班有多久，回答说天气很好，航班不会有延误，会准时在两点半到达，所以横线处的内容也应该与航班的时间安排有关，D项说明了提供食物服务的具体时间，符合语境。故选D
18、。问答题1.Section A (5 marks)Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Write the answers on the answer sheet.Students who are studying diligently, exercising, participating in extracurriculars or working probably dont have much time to watch shows or spend hours looking at videos. In high school,
19、you have a structured scheduleyou wake up at the same time every morning, attend classes at the same time every day, and dismiss to head home or go to extracurricular activities when the school day ends. In college, that isnt quite the case. Time management is key to making sure you can practise a h
20、ealthy balance between school and life. 正确答案：努力学习、锻炼、参加课外活动或工作的学生可能没有太多的时间看电视剧或连续几个小时地看视频。在高中阶段，你的安排非常有条理每天早上都在同一时间醒来，每天都在相同时间上课，放学后回家或参加课外活动。在大学阶段，情况可大不一样。如果你想合理平衡学习和生活，时间管理是非常关键的。参考解析：翻译要点：第一句中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词student，翻译时作为定语需要前置。structured此处意为“有条理的”。第二句破折号后为并列的动词短语，顺译即可。extracurricular activities意为
21、“课外活动”。问答题2.Section B (10 marks)Translate the following paragraph into English. Write the answers on the answer sheet.毫无疑问，茶受到了全世界的欢迎。茶已成为世界上消费人数最多的饮品当然，仅次于水。为弘扬这一大众饮品，联合国大会将5月21日定为国际茶日。联合国认为，茶不仅仅是一种热饮，它还是全球众多文化的重要组成部分。你或许知道，中国人招待贵客时会用顶级的茶以示敬意。与此同时，英国的下午茶传统也是该国特色的重要组成部分。不论是热饮或冷饮，茶都不仅仅是一种饮品，它是一种社会习俗，
22、一条连接过去的纽带，一种生活方式。 正确答案：Tea is, without doubt, welcomed all over the world. It has become the most consumed beverage in the worldafter water, of course. In order to celebrate the popular drink, the United Nations General Assembly has designated May 21st as International Tea Day. According to the UN,
23、tea is much more than just a hot drink. Its a big part of many cultures around the world. You probably know that people in China use top-grade tea to show respect when receiving important guests. Meanwhile, the British tradition of afternoon tea is an important part of that countrys identity. Hot or
24、 cold, tea is more than a drinkits asocial custom, a link to the past and a way of life.参考解析：翻译要点：第二句翻译时注意“消费人数最多的饮品”，可以通过将动词consume转化为其形容词形式consumed，“饮品”可译为beverage。“弘扬”可译为celebrate。第四句在翻译时可以拆分为两句，注意“不仅仅”的表达，可译为more than。第五句在翻译时注意从句的转换，包含宾语从句和时间状语从句。问答题3.There are five IQ Test questions in this par
25、t. Write the answers on the answer sheet.In how many years during a century do Christmas Day and New Years Day fall in the same year? 正确答案：In every year, of course!参考解析：句意：在一个世纪中，有多少年圣诞节和元旦是在同一年？每年的1月1日是元旦，12月25日是圣诞节，所以不论什么时候两个节日都会在同一年，只不过日期不一样。问答题4.My first is in SACK but not in SILK. My second is
26、in HAT but not in STAND. My third is in AYE but not in OYEZ. My fourth is in KNIFE but not in FORK. My last is in FIRE but not in FLAME. What am I? 正确答案：I am CHAIR.参考解析：根据题干可知，该单词第一个字母为A或C，第二个字母为H，第三个字母为A，第四个字母为N、I或E，第五个字母为I或R。结合已知的字母，组成的是chair。问答题5.Say you pronounce “gh” as in “tough”, “o” as in “w
27、omen”, and “ti” as in “lotion”. Then what word is it as “ghoti” is pronounced? 正确答案：The word is “fish”.参考解析：结合在这几个单词中的发音，gh在单词tough中发音f，o在单词women中发音，ti在单词lotion中发音，所以ghoti结合发音f，即单词fish。问答题6.Which circle should replace the question mark? 正确答案：E参考解析：观察图片，每个部分中的三个圆形的关系为：三个图形组成形状完全一样，只是角度的不同和阴影部分、空白部分的不
28、同。其中两个图形只是角度不同，其余完全相同；第三个图形和两个图形中的一个图形只是阴影部分、空白部分相反，其余完全相同。只有E项符合。问答题7.Which hexagon should replace the question mark? 正确答案：B参考解析：观察前两排和前两列图形可以发现，横排和竖列前两个图形合并后去掉重合的部分可得到第三个图形，按照此规律，问号处图形为B。问答题8.Section A (10 marks)The diagram shows how fruit is canned. Summarise the information by selecting and repo
29、rting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.Write a report of at least 120 words on the answer sheet. 正确答案：【参考范文】The diagram indicates the production process of canned fruits from the raw material to end product based on various stages.To begin with, ripe fruits are picked by hand f
30、rom the trees, which then will be transported to factories and washed completely there. After taking out some unsuitable fruits, the others will be stored under the temperature of 0 in a cold storage facility.Next, the qualified fruits are weighed to ensure each one can meet the standard, after the
31、process of which, the fruits are peeled and divided into slices, which will be waiting for the next step of cooking in some containers.Afterwards, the fruits will be deposited into the cans, and then sealed after some juice is added. Experiencing the last stage of sterilizing and labelling, the cans
32、 will be stored in the warehouses, and then delivered to the supermarket when the orders come.参考解析：题目要求根据图片介绍水果罐头的制作流程。在写制作流程的过程中，注意开头先引入话题进行介绍，然后按照图片分步骤详细说明过程，使用一些顺序连接词，同时，适当添加个别图中没有注明文字但是能够读出来的细节信息，比如筛选还有储藏的温度等。注意全篇需使用一般现在时，多用被动语态。共享题干题Section A (5 marks)Read the following passage and fill in the
33、blanks with the correct forms of 5 words or phrases out of the 7 given in the box. Write the answers on the answer sheet.cause; destroy; happy; in danger of; insect; next to; withImagine you ran a small food shop in your local neighbourhood. Suddenly, a giant supermarket opens for business opposite
34、your shop. What happens to you and your business?In the natural world, things are often the same. The red squirrel was living (41) _ in England when, in the 1880s, many people brought grey squirrels from North America as pets. These pets escaped into the wild and ate the same food as the red squirre
35、ls, which means that now there arent many native red squirrels in England and they are (42)_ extinction.There are many invaders that dont cause extinctions, but they do destroy plants and harm the economy. For example, European red deer are (43) _ the forests in South America because they eat the yo
36、ung trees. Rabbits have spread from Europe and now eat farmers crops all over the world. These kinds of invaders cause problems for humans, unlike the grey squirrels, which cause little damage to plants and dont damage the economy.Few invaders are large land animals; most of them are plants or small
37、 animals like (44) _. These smaller animals often mean farmers lose a lot of money. For example, the apple snail from South America doesnt cause much harm in Europe, but it causes a lot of damage in Southeast Asia because it loves to eat rice plants.For several obvious reasons, the number of animal
38、invaders is increasing in every country in the world, and many countries hope to control this situation (45) _ for example, strong border controls. However, it seems impossible for us to bring such animal invasions to a stop, perhaps because changes are always part of nature.填空题1.() 正确答案：happily参考解析
39、：分析句子结构可知，横线前为句子的主语及动词的进行时，此处应该填入副词修饰动词live，且根据语境可知，在引入外来的松鼠前，本地的红松鼠应该生活得很快乐轻松。故填入happily。Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the correct forms of 5 words or phrases out of the 7 given in the box. Write the answers on the answer sheet.cause; destroy; happy; in danger of; insect; n
40、ext to; withImagine you ran a small food shop in your local neighbourhood. Suddenly, a giant supermarket opens for business opposite your shop. What happens to you and your business?In the natural world, things are often the same. The red squirrel was living (41) _ in England when, in the 1880s, man
41、y people brought grey squirrels from North America as pets. These pets escaped into the wild and ate the same food as the red squirrels, which means that now there arent many native red squirrels in England and they are (42)_ extinction.There are many invaders that dont cause extinctions, but they d
42、o destroy plants and harm the economy. For example, European red deer are (43) _ the forests in South America because they eat the young trees. Rabbits have spread from Europe and now eat farmers crops all over the world. These kinds of invaders cause problems for humans, unlike the grey squirrels,
43、which cause little damage to plants and dont damage the economy.Few invaders are large land animals; most of them are plants or small animals like (44) _. These smaller animals often mean farmers lose a lot of money. For example, the apple snail from South America doesnt cause much harm in Europe, b
44、ut it causes a lot of damage in Southeast Asia because it loves to eat rice plants.For several obvious reasons, the number of animal invaders is increasing in every country in the world, and many countries hope to control this situation (45) _ for example, strong border controls. However, it seems i
45、mpossible for us to bring such animal invasions to a stop, perhaps because changes are always part of nature.填空题2.() 正确答案：in danger of参考解析：横线前面的内容提到，这些松鼠到了野外和红松鼠吃的食物一样，导致红松鼠减少，所以面临的也是灭绝的危险。in danger of为固定搭配，意为“处于危险之中”。Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the correct forms of 5 word
46、s or phrases out of the 7 given in the box. Write the answers on the answer sheet.cause; destroy; happy; in danger of; insect; next to; withImagine you ran a small food shop in your local neighbourhood. Suddenly, a giant supermarket opens for business opposite your shop. What happens to you and your
47、 business?In the natural world, things are often the same. The red squirrel was living (41) _ in England when, in the 1880s, many people brought grey squirrels from North America as pets. These pets escaped into the wild and ate the same food as the red squirrels, which means that now there arent many native red squirrels in England and they are (42)_ extinction.There are many invaders that dont cause extinctions, but they do destroy plants and harm the economy. For example, European red deer are (43) _ the forests in S