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1、2020年全国英语竞赛A类研究生初赛试题及答案问答题1.Section A (5 marks)Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Young people are watching less and less news on television.A research suggests that young people are increasingly using social media as their primary news s
2、ource.There is evidence that young people are consuming news more actively via social media.It suggests presenting news stories in a less complicated, more accessible way to adivivact young peoples attention.Some people suggested this would be “dumbing down (使容易理解) content for young audiences”. 参考答案
3、：在电视上看新闻的年轻人越来越少。研究表明，年轻人越来越多地使用社交媒体作为他们主要的新闻来源。有证据表明，年轻人更多地通过社交媒体看新闻。这表明要以一种不那么复杂、更容易接触的方式呈现新闻，以吸引年轻人的注意力。有些人认为这将“便于年轻观众了解新闻内容”。参考解析：翻译要点：via通过。consume本意为“消耗，消费”，这里指获取新闻。in away以的方式。在翻译本段时，注意不同的语境下suggest的含义。在第二句和第四句中，suggest表示“暗示；表明”。在最后一句中，suggest表示“认为”。问答题2.Section B (10 marks)Translate the foll
4、owing sentences into English by using the hints given in brackets.Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.在社交媒体上晒照之前，或许我们都会用一款应用来一键磨皮，放大双眼，加长睫毛以及丰满唇行。(72)只需在手机上轻点几下，我们便能轻松地向全世界展现“最好”的自己。(tap)然而，这么做的问题在于，简单地修图去掉自身瑕疵的同时，我们也改变了看待自己的方式。(73)一些研究人员分析了美图应用给人们的自尊所带来的不良影响，以及其让人产生外貌焦虑的潜在可能。(photo ed
5、iting apps; self-esteem)研究人员也发出警告称，这类应用模糊了现实与虚幻的界限。(74)这些应用几分钟就能改变一个人的外表，追求的是一种不切实际的审美。(an unrealistic standard of beauty)在过去，人们或许会将自己的相貌与名人进行比较。但对如今的年轻人而言，审美标准大多数来自在社交媒体上看到的形象。(75)这便是许多年轻人在外貌上产生身份认同危机的原因。(suffer an identity crisis)当人们花费过多时间进行此类比较时，他们或许便患上“美容病”，甚至很难接受自己真实的外貌。因为立在你与世界之间的是一面镜子，它如影随形，无
6、处不在，你根本无法放下它。(76)所以当我们在照一面真实的镜子时，我们不能问自己：“我看起来和美颜照片里的我一样漂亮吗？”(in the filtered photos)相反地，我们应该这么想：“我觉得很好，我有一种健康美。” 参考答案：1.With a couple of tapes on our mobile phones, we can easily present the “best” version of ourselves to the world.【分析】逗号前后的两句主语都是“我们”，可以将前面的句子转换为with引导的伴随状语。“轻点几下”可译为a couple of tap
7、es。 2.Some researchers analyzed photo editing apps bad impacts on peoples self-esteem and their potential to cause appearance anxieties.【分析】“不良影响”和“潜在可能”是两个并列的成分，用and连接。photo editing apps美图应用。self-esteem自尊。“外貌焦虑”可直译为“appearance anxieties”。 3.These apps allow one to change their appearance in minutes
8、 and follow an unrealistic standard of beauty.【分析】这句结构比较简单，可按照原文语序逐字翻译。需要注意的是，change和follow是两个并列的动词，两个词的时态也要保持一致。 4.That is why many young people suffer an identity crisis in appearance.【分析】suffer an identity crisis身份认同危机。翻译时可巧妙地将此句转换为why引导的原因状语从句。 5.So when we look in a real mirror, we cant ask our
9、selves, “Do I look as good as myself in the filtered photos?”【分析】in the filtered photos美颜相机里。可按照原文语序进行翻译，“和一样漂亮”可以译为“as good as”。问答题3.There are five IQ Test question in this part.Write the answers on the answer sheet.At Kew Gardens, the giant Victoria lily grows in a small pond.Suppose it doubles it
10、s size each day and it covers the whole pondas it doesafter 30 days.After how many days does it cover haft the pond? 参考答案：After 29 days.参考解析：根据题干意思可知，每过一天，这个花就会长成前一天的两倍大。也就是说，前一天花的大小是后一天的二分之一。第30天的时候，花覆盖了整个池塘，那么第29天的时候，花覆盖了池塘的一半。因此答案为29天后。问答题4.Add one letter, not necessarily the same letter, to each
11、 word at the front, end or middle, to find two words that are similar in meaning.PAST; SICK 参考答案：PASTE; STICK参考解析：paste粘合；拼贴。stick粘贴。问答题5.The numbers and letters in this square are linked.Find the correct number to replace the question mark. 参考答案：6参考解析：按照字母表顺序，A与G之间相隔5个字母，G与O之间相隔7个字母，O与T之间相隔4个字母，T与A
12、之间相隔6个字母，因此答案为6。问答题6.What number should replace the question mark? 参考答案：3参考解析：从左到右，第一列到第三列每列的数字之和分别是1、3、5；从右到左，第一列到第三列每列的数字之和也是1、3、5。因此最中间一列的数字之和应该是7，问号处应填入3。问答题7.Which is the odd one out? 参考答案：2参考解析：思路1：除了图2，其他图都可以找到与之一样的黑白球排列顺序（图1、4、6、9为黑黑白白黑，图3、8为白白白黑白，图5、7为白黑白黑白）。思路2：除了图2，其他图最少有一个黑点处在偶数位置上。问答题8.
13、Section A (10 marks)You have seen this competition in a magazine and decide to write an endivy.Write your endivy for the competition.Your article should be at least 100 words long.Dont forget to also include:why you have chosen the particular creature you are writing aboutwhat, for you, is special a
14、bout itwhat can be done to take care of it.Write your article on the answer sheet. 参考答案：【参考范文】Pandas are one of the most precious animals in the world.They are very rare and are regarded as the national treasure of China.Pandas are endemic to China and their main habitat is in the surrounding mounta
15、inous areas of Sichuan and Shanxi.They have fat bodies and short tails, and their black and white appearance helps them hide in forests and snow.They like eating bamboo leaves and bamboo shoots.Pandas have lived on the earth for millions of years and are known as “living fossils”.To provide them bet
16、ter habitat, people set several Giant Panda Nature Reserves in Sichuan.The survival rate of giant pandas is extremely low, so the state has hired professional keepers to take care of them.These experts will adjust the pandas diet and living environment according to their physical conditions to ensur
17、e that they can live longer.参考解析：根据给出的图片和题干的要求可知，文章中需要写明以下信息：喜欢的动物是什么，该动物的栖息地、外貌特征和习性，选择写这个动物的原因，它的特别之处，以及照顾这个动物需要注意的地方。写作的时候按照要按照题目的要求介绍，不要遗漏信息。问答题9.Section B (20 marks)The future is coming, but it probably wont look like the set of a science fiction film.Everyday items will look pretty much like t
18、hose we see around us today.But under the surface, things are changing.One place where we are likely to see big changes is the home.Describe the house you will own in twenty years time and compare it with the house you live in now.Write an article of at least 160 words on the answer sheet. 参考答案：【参考范
19、文】It is not hard for us to image a house of the future, because the technology is developing at a breathtaking pace and what we wanted 20 years ago has already achieved.Each time when someone visits me, Im tired of hanging around the house, looking for spare slippers and preparing delicious food.How
20、ever, in the future the house robot will help us welcome the visitors and entertain the guests.With a couple of tapes on our mobile phones, the robot will also help us clean up the house.The solar system will provide us with enough electricity to maintain our daily use.The walls are made of special
21、materials to keep the house at a constant temperature so that we wont be worry about the climate changes outside.Moreover, all the equipment in the house can be controlled by your voice, as well as the apps on your phone, which means we can do anything without leaving the chair.Comparing to the hous
22、e we live in now, houses in the future will be built highly-automated.People wont be trapped in cleaning or space planning any more, and they will no longer worry about the safety of old people living alone.参考解析：题目要求描述二十年后的房子，并与现在的房子进行对比。范文在第一段引出话题，第二段的时候先提出现在的房子的不便之处，然后描述未来的房子是怎么样的。最后一段再次对比现在的房子和二十
23、年后的房子，指出最大的不同。在写作的时候要注意到题目不仅要求描述未来的房子，还要与现在住的房子进行对比。共享题干题There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part.For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the ce
24、ndive.单选题1.Many of the people and places in the book have been _ in the names of sdiveets.A.anticipatedB.commemoratedC.commercializedD.appealed 参考答案：B参考解析：句意：书中许多的人物和地方都是以街道命名，以此作为纪念。commemorate庆祝，纪念。anticipate预料；预见。commercialize使商业化；使商品化。appeal呼吁，恳求。故选B。单选题2.Although architecture has artistic quali
25、ties, it must also satisfy a number of important practical _.A.considerationsB.obligationsC.observationsD.regulations 参考答案：A参考解析：句意：虽然建筑具有艺术性，但同时它也必须满足许多重要的实用因素。consideration考虑；原因。obligation义务；职责；债务。observation观察；监视。regulation管理；规则。故选A。单选题3.The desdivuction of these diveasures was a loss for mankind
26、 that no amount of money could _.A.stand up toB.put up withC.make up forD.come up with 参考答案：C参考解析：句意：对人类来说这些珍宝的毁坏是一种损失，无论多少金钱也弥补不了。make up for补偿，弥补。stand up to经得起；抵抗。put up with忍受；容忍。come up with提出；想出。故选C。单选题4.I still havent made a decision _ the new engineering project.Its really a hard choice.A.in
27、 condivast toB.in view ofC.on account ofD.with regard to 参考答案：D参考解析：句意：关于这个新的工程项目，我还没有做出决定。这太难选择了。with regard to关于；至于。in contrast to与形成对照。in view of鉴于；考虑到。on account of由于；因为。故选D。单选题5.We are going to have a get-together before we _ for the summer vacation.A.break downB.break outC.break throughD.break
28、 up 参考答案：D参考解析：句意：在放暑假之前，我们要举行一次联欢会。break up结束；解散。break down分解；发生故障。break out爆发；突发。break through突破；突围。故选D。单选题6.Etymologically considered, the word journeyman means one who is employed _.A.by the dayB.by dayC.by a dayD.by days 参考答案：A参考解析：句意：从词源上来看，“journeyman”这个单词的意思是按日雇佣的人。by the day按日；按日计算。此处为固定搭配，
29、故选A。单选题7.Although they suffered a serious drought, the harvest was not _ they got the year before.A.more thanB.more or lessC.less thanD.all the more 参考答案：C参考解析：句意：虽然他们遭受了严重的干旱，但他们的收成并不比前一年少。句首although表转折，说明前面提到的干旱并没有对今年的收成造成影响，收成应该比去年多。横线前有not表否定，因此横线处应表示“更少”，即less than。故选C。单选题8.Theres one thing I d
30、islike about him: he will never _ having made the mistake.A.identifyB.reconcileC.confrontD.admit 参考答案：D参考解析：句意：他有一点我不喜欢，那就是他从不承认自己犯了错误。admit承认。identify确认；鉴定。reconcile使一致；使和解。confront面对；遭遇。单选题9.The atmosphere is as much a part of our earth as _ its soil and water of its lakes, rivers, seas and oceans
31、.A.doesB.beC.areD.has 参考答案：C参考解析：句意：大气层就像地球上的土壤和江河湖泊中的水一样，它们都是地球的一部分。可以将这个句子拆分成两个完整的句子，即“The atmosphere is a part of our earth”和“Its soil and water of its lakes, rivers, seas and oceans _ a part of our earth”，原句中“as muchas”为固定搭配，连接两个并列成分，表示“像一样”。拆分后第二句的主语为复数，因此谓语动词用are，故选C。单选题10.“We must keep a secr
32、et of the things _ here,” the general said, _ at the man in charge of the information office.A.discussed; stared seriouslyB.being discussed; seriously staringC.to be discussed; seriously staredD.discussed; to stare seriously 参考答案：B参考解析：句意：“我们必须对这里讨论的事情保密。”将军说道，严肃地盯着负责新闻办公室的人。根据句子的情境可知，这个秘密正在被讨论，因此前面
33、应该使用现在进行时。第二个空格处作“the general said”的伴随状语，且动词stare与主语general为主动关系，因此用动词的现在分词形式，副词seriously修饰动词，应放在动词的前面。故选B。单选题11._ she couldnt understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A.What; whyB.That; whatC.What; becauseD.Why; that 参考答案：A参考解析：句意：她无法理解的是，为什么对她的课感兴趣的学生越来越少。“_ she cou
34、ldnt understand”为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，横线处应填入what作从句的宾语。that不能在主语从句中充当成分。根据句意可知，她对学生越来越少的原因感到困惑，因此第二个横线处应填入why。故选A。单选题12.I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave _ something occurred which adivivacted my attention.A.unlessB.untilC.whenD.while 参考答案：C参考解析：句意：我感到有点失望，正准备离开的时候，发生了一件事引起了我的注意。“be about
35、to dowhen”为固定搭配，意为“正打算做某事突然”。故选C。单选题13.Excuse me, I need to get a scarf for my mum.Try Ladies Wear, sir.Its one floor up.OK, and the scarves are .?Er ._, just walk sdivaight ahead and youll see the scarves on the right.Oh, by the way, weve got some very nice gloves just in.Your mother might like tho
36、se too.Ill go to get the scarf first.Thanks.A.before you reach the Ladies Wear SectionB.when you get off the escalator at the fourth floorC.while you take the escalator on the leftD.until you call your mum to ask for her opinion 参考答案：B参考解析：根据横线后的对话内容可知，这个人在告诉对方卖围巾的地方怎么走。前面提到过围巾在Ladies Wear区域，A选项与之矛盾
37、，故排除。联系横线后的内容，C选项表示在乘坐电梯的时候直走，不符合实际，故排除。前面提到卖围巾的地方在楼上一层，D选项并没有上楼，而是从对话的地方直走，故排除。只有B选项符合上下文语境，故选B。单选题14.Coundivy Plumbing and Heating.Hello.Could you tell me if you fix kitchen sinks?Yes.Whats the problem?_.Well, we can send one of our plumbers at 4:00 this afternoon.Will someone be home then?Ill be
38、there then.And my address is .A.Water is leaking all over my kitchen floor.B.I cant open my kitchen door.C.There is a hole in my kitchen roof.D.Im feeling sick in the kitchen. 参考答案：A参考解析：对话开头提到这是乡村管道有关的电话，横线后的对话也提到管道工人，所以横线处出现的问题应该与厨房管道问题有关，故选A。单选题15.I see that Vincent is smiling again.Yes.He didnt
39、go directly to his boss._That was certainly an unusual way of handling the situation, but it did bring good results.A.He decided to keep the problem to himself.B.He told his bosss mother about the problem instead.C.He asked his mother to help him solve the problem.D.He solved the problem entirely on
40、 his own. 参考答案：B参考解析：横线后的对话中提到，这是一种不同寻常的解决办法，但带来了好的结果。说明横线处提到的方法非比寻常而且很有效。A、D选项的解决办法相同，故排除。横线前面提到没有直接去找老板，说明要解决的这个问题与老板有关，B选项提到了老板的妈妈，与语境中的问题有一定关联，故选B。共享题干题Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word.Choose the correct word in one of the following three ways: according to the con
41、text, by using the correct form of the given word, or by using the given letter(s) of the word.Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.One afternoon in the summer of 1989, a 27-year-old food technologist called Helen Sharman happened to be listening to the radio.She heard an unusual positi
42、on being advertised: “Asdivonaut wantedno (46) pre_ experience necessary”.She wrote down the phone number and the next day sent off her application.Sharman was one of 13,000 hopefuls who applied to become the first British asdivonaut when the British agreed to co-operate with the Russians on the Jun
43、o space mission.Applicants for the project had to take tough psychological and physical tests.They needed to be scientifically divained, had to speak a foreign language and had to be able to deal with difficult situations, without panicking.Helen Sharman turned out to be (47) id_.She was a highly-di
44、vained scientist, could speak several languages and was well known for her ability to stay cool under pressure.Obviously, physical fitness was also important, and, although Sharman often played squash and regularly went cycling and swimming, she now admits that she was no great athlete when she appl
45、ied.A sdivong digestive system was also vital.In space theres almost no gravity, so the movement of food through the stomach is dependent on muscle power.To Sharmans surprise, her application was successful, and six months later she was in Russia, (48) _ (begin) eighteen months of divaining.One of t
46、he most interesting parts of her preparation was a set of tests which simulated weightlessness.“Actually, its exdivemely difficult to do this on Earth,” explains Sharman, “because to weigh absolutely nothing you have to be positioned between two planets so that the force of their gravity is pulling
47、you in opposite (49)_ (direct).” The nearest it is possible to get to these conditions on Earth is in a plane that is flying in enormous loops.“We used huge aircraft.When the plane gets to the top and starts to fall, you fall with it, so you feel as if youre weightless.Each experiment only lasted about 23 (50)_not very longotherwise it would hit the ground.” Once in space, Sharman got used to weightlessness, despite a little initial discomfort.Another important part of Sha