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1、2023年全国英语竞赛C类本科生初赛试题及答案单选题1.There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are（江南博哥） four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Reading _ the li
2、nes, I would say that the Government are more worried than they will admit.A.alongB.amongC.betweenD.behind 正确答案：C参考解析：句意：从言外之意来看，我想说政府比他们承认的更为担心。read between the lines是固定搭配，意为“找出或发觉字里行间的言外之意”。故选C。单选题2.In the phenomenon of atomic fission, the nucleus is _ two pieces of appropriately equal mass.A.comb
3、ined withB.coinciding withC.fallen intoD.split into 正确答案：D参考解析：句意：在原子裂变现象中，原子核被分裂成质量相当的两块。split into分成：将一个整体分成若干部分。combine with与结合：将两个或多个事物连接在一起。coincide with与同时发生；与一致。fall into陷入：指进入某种状态或情况。根据句意可知此处指的是原子核的分裂。故选D。单选题4.When confronted with such questions, my mind goes _, and I can hardly remember my
4、own date of birth.A.blankB.dimC.faintD.vain 正确答案：A参考解析：句意：当面对这样的问题时，我的大脑一片空白，我几乎不记得自己的出生日期。blank空白的，空的；茫然的。dim暗淡的，昏暗的；模糊的。faint模糊的，微弱的；微小的。vain虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的。根据句意可知，此处指的是大脑一片空白。故选A。单选题5.Its charm and mild climate have made San Francisco, California, _ city for both business and residences.A.a crowdedB.
5、an appealingC.an appropriateD.a profitable 正确答案：B参考解析：句意：加利福尼亚州的旧金山迷人且温和的气候使其成为一个吸引人的商业和住宅城市。appealing吸引人的，有感染力的。crowded拥挤的。appropriate合适的，相称的。profitable盈利的，有利可图的；有益的。根据句意可知此处指的是这座城市吸引人。故选B。单选题6.Respect for the law is the foundation of civilized society. _ breaks it will be punished.A.WhoeverB.WhoC.
6、Person whoD.No matter who 正确答案：A参考解析：句意：尊重法律是文明社会的基础。无论谁违反了它都会受到惩罚。分析句子结构可知，此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且指的是人，有表示“无论”的意思，应该用连接代词whoever，且在名词性从句中不可替换成no matter who。故选A。单选题7._ students can study in the “hot majors”, because the number of these “hot majors” _ quite limited.A.A few; should beB.Not many; areC.Only a
7、 few; isD.Quite a few; has been 正确答案：C参考解析：句意：只有少数学生可以学习“热门专业”，因为这些“热门专业”的数量非常有限。第二空主语为被the number修饰，应该用单数形式，排除B项。should be表示“应该”，不符合句意，排除A项。根据句意可知此处描述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，排除D项。故选C。单选题8._ receiving financial support from family, community or the government is allowed, it is never admired.A.AsB.AlthoughC.
8、LestD.Once 正确答案：B参考解析：句意：虽然我们被允许接受家庭、社区或政府的经济支持，但这永远不会受到赞赏。根据句意可知，主从句之间存在转折关系，此处应该为让步状语从句。故选B。单选题9.The sports meet, originally due to be held last Friday, was finally _ because of the bad weather.A.broken outB.called offC.set offD.worn out 正确答案：B参考解析：句意：原定于上星期五举行的运动会由于天气不好而取消了。call off停止原计划的进行，终止某个活
9、动或事件。break down分解；崩溃；故障。set off出发，启程；引发；激起。wear out磨损；使精疲力竭。根据句意可知，此处表示的是活动取消。故选B。单选题10.One day I _ a newspaper article about the retirement of an English professor at a nearby state college.A.came acrossB.devoted toC.put forwardD.set up 正确答案：A参考解析：句意：一天，我在报纸上看到一篇关于附近一所州立大学一位英语教授退休的文章。come across偶然遇
10、见。devote to致力于。put forward提出建议、观点或计划。set up建立；安装；布置。故选A。单选题11.When snow _ on top of a building during the winter, the _ sometimes weakens the construction and occasionally causes the roof to collapse.A.scatters; heightB.melts; processC.falls; intensityD.accumulates; weight 正确答案：D参考解析：句意：冬天，当积雪积聚在建筑物
11、顶部时，其重量有时会削弱建筑物，偶尔会导致屋顶倒塌。accumulate积累，积攒。scatter撒，播撒；（使）散开。melt（使）熔化，融化；（逐渐）减少，消失。fall跌落，降落。根据语境可知，此处指的是雪积累起来积少成多也会压垮屋顶。故选D。单选题12.Charles wasnt appointed chairman of the foundation, _ not very popular with all its members.A.being consideredB.consideringC.having consideredD.to be considered 正确答案：A参考
12、解析：句意：查尔斯由于在所有成员中并不是特别受欢迎，没有被选为基金会的主席。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，其中非谓语动词consider与句子的主语之间为被动关系，B、C语态错误。D选项为将来时，而根据句意可知这里表示的是现在的事实。故选A。单选题13._ people often desire different goals and objects, it is understandable that one person may find joy in repairing an automobile, _ another may find joy in solving a ma
13、th problem.A.Although; soB.For; ifC.Since; whileD.When; however 正确答案：C参考解析：句意：人们往往渴望不同的目标和对象，这是可以理解的，一个人可能会从修理汽车中找到乐趣，而另一个人可能会从解决数学问题中找到乐趣。根据one person和another可知，此处是以两个人为例进行对比，通常情况下会用连词while表示两者间的对比，且根据句意可知，此处这两个不同选择的例子是为了说明人们渴望的东西不一样，前后属于因果关系。故选C。单选题14.Dont you think a thirty-minute lunch break is
14、too short?_Yeah?I think thirty minutes is long enough for lunch.A.Neither do I.B.You are absolutely right.C.Thats what Im trying to say.D.Well, Im not so sure about it. 正确答案：D参考解析：横线前提问三十分钟的时间吃午饭不短吗？对话的后面对方回答觉得三十分钟的时间完全足够了，说明他不赞同这个人的疑问，只有D项符合语境。故选D。单选题15.Hey, you look great. Have you been exercising
15、? Yeah, every day for the last three months. Well, it must be so hard to exercise for so long. It is, but I want to look good. And you know _.A.practice makes perfectB.no pain, no gainC.genius begins with diligenceD.time flies 正确答案：B参考解析：横线前两人在讨论运动，根据两人对话可知，虽然锻炼很辛苦，但是为了保持身体健康还是会坚持，B项“一分耕耘，一分收获”最符合语境
16、。A项意为“熟能生巧”。C项意为“天才始于勤奋”。D项意为“时光飞逝”。故选B。问答题1.Section A (5 marks)Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Write the answer on the answer sheet.Chinese historians coined the term “Spring and Autumn Period” to refer to the first half of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and the term “Warring States Perio
17、d” for its second half respectively. Great changes took place during the Spring and Autumn Period and productive forces advanced at an unprecedented speed. Peoples ability to understand and overcome nature increased rapidly and great achievements were made in culture and science. The Spring and Autu
18、mn Period was a time of great social transformation which produced great thinkers and educators such as Laozi and Confucius and military strategists such as Sun Wu. Their theories have had a profound impact on later generations. The Book of Songs, which was mostly completed during the Western Zhou D
19、ynasty and the Spring and Autumn Period, is known for its great influence on Chinese literature. 正确答案：中国历史学家创造了“春秋时期”和“战国时期”两个名称分别指代东周的前半时期和后半时期。在春秋时期，社会发生了巨大变革，生产力得到前所未有的提高。人们理解、战胜自然的能力快速发展，在文化和科学方面取得了巨大的成就。春秋时期是一个社会急速转变的时期，涌现出许多伟大的思想家、教育家，如老子和孔子，还有军事家，如孙武。他们的论述对后世产生了深邃的影响。基本上在西周和春秋时期完成的诗经也因其对中国文学的
20、巨大影响而著称。参考解析：翻译要点：coin意为“创造新词，首次使用”。此处注意区别名词词义，这里作句子的谓语动词。第一句较长，and连接两个并列句，主要解释了两个名称的含义，所以在翻译时可以恰当合并，避免语言重复。productive forces意为“生产力”。第三句翻译时注意将被动语态转换为主动语态。第四句中which引导定语从句修饰先行词transformation，翻译时注意恰当转化。最后一句中，The Book of Songs意为“诗经”，此句中插入了非限制性定语从句，转换为句子主语的定语。问答题2.Section B (10 marks)Translate the follow
21、ing paragraph into English. Write the answer on the answer sheet.对年轻的创业者而言，要取得巨大成功，最重要也最难的，或许就是有个好创意。时刻留意并及时识别绝妙的新想法是关键。另一方面，有些年轻人似乎更多是依靠勤奋和坚持而非灵感获得成功。对任何年龄的企业家而言，重要的是要勇于冒险、相信自己、灵活变通、全力以赴。 正确答案：Possibly the most important and hardest component of great success for young entrepreneurs is a great crea
22、tive idea. Keeping an eye out for and recognizing a brilliant idea is the key. On the other hand, some young people seem to succeed through hard work and perseverance more than inspiration. For entrepreneurs of any age, what is important is to be bold to take risks, believe in themselves, be flexibl
23、e, and do their best.参考解析：翻译要点：第一句在翻译时需注意，首先主句在后半句，翻译时前半句作为状语放在句尾更合适，另外，主语需要在翻译的时候进行补充，component意为“部分”，可以作为本句的主语。第二句在翻译时可以采用非谓语动词作主语，“留意”可译为keep an eye out for。“勤奋”可译为perseverance。最后一句在翻译时可以转换为主语从句，不定式作表语，注意后面的动词并列，形式一致。问答题3.There are five IQ Test questions in this part. Write the answers on the ans
24、wer sheet.What does the underlined phrase mean in Chinese?A: I couldnt believe that happened!B: I know. Are you going to say something?A: No, Im going to bite my tongue. 正确答案：保持沉默参考解析：B问“你打算说些什么吗？”，A回答“不”，说明他不打算说任何话，所以这里表示的是“保持沉默”。问答题4.What is the next number?4832512131072? 正确答案：8589934592参考解析：解法一：观
25、察可以发现规律，每个数字与其半数相乘，得出后一位数字，131072的半数为65536，13107265536=8589934592。解法二：题目已知数字可以看作22，23，25，29，217，再考虑数列2，3，5，9，17的规律，3=221，5=321，9=521，17=921，即后一个数是前一个数的2倍减1，因此下个数应该是1721=33，即233=8589934592。问答题5.At any gathering where, more than two people are present, there will be at least two people who have exactl
26、y the same number of friends present. Is this true or false? 正确答案：Its true.参考解析：本题问“在一个多于两人的聚会中，至少有两人在这群人中的朋友数相同”正确与否。本题可采用反证法，如果结论错误，那么聚会中的每个人的朋友数都不一样，假设聚会人数为n，则朋友数为0，1，2，3，4，n1。但0和n1不可能同时存在，因为如果出席者当中有人一个朋友也没有的同时不可能有人认识所有人。因此在按要求列出朋友数时必然有某个数字会出现两次。问答题6.Can you solve the rebus (画谜) word problem illu
27、strated below?MEJUSTYOU 正确答案：Just between you and me.参考解析：题中JUST一词位于YOU和ME之间，因此为Just between you and me.意为“不要外传”。问答题7.Which pattern is made when the first two patterns are put together? 正确答案：E参考解析：题干问两个图形合在一起形成的是什么图形。A项错误，第二张图外面的黑色圆圈与正方形里的三个黑色圆心在不同的顶点上。B项错误，第一张图中黑色圆心大小不一致。C项错误，第一张图中横线长度不一致。D项错误，第二张图
28、黑色长方形大小不一致。E项正确，图形为两者顺时针或者逆时针旋转180度后形成。故选E。问答题8.Section A (10 marks)Write a 120-word report on the newly installed renewable energy capacity in China. Write the report on the answer sheet. 正确答案：【参考范文】The above chart shows us the newly installed renewable energy capacity during January and September
29、in 2022. It also tells us the future development trend of new energy in China.Among all kinds of energy, the newly installed renewable energy accounts for nearly 80 percent. Its not surprising to find that solar energy is the main force among these kinds of renewable energy, accounts for more than 5
30、0 percent, while hydrogen energy is equal to wind energy. It seems that people are not familiar with biomass power, which accounts for only 2.62 million kilowatt.Solar energy has been applied in various areas, and we can learn from the chart that other renewable can also be auxiliary means in future
31、.参考解析：题干要求写一篇关于中国新安装的可再生能源容量的报告。文章首先点名调查报告的主题，接下来具体分析重要数据，新能源总体占比达到约80%，其中太阳能占比最大，氢能与风能占比相当，而生物能目前使用最少。最后进行总结。问答题9.Section B (20 marks)Some people think TV commercials are helpful because they save consumers time by providing information in a convenient way. However, some others think the majority o
32、f advertising is misleading and often convinces customers to purchase what they dont really need.Do you believe that advertising is helpful or harmful to consumers?Write a 180-word essay to express your opinions. Write the essay on the answer sheet. 正确答案：【参考范文】Is advertising helpful or harmful?TV co
33、mmercials and other kinds of advertisement are all around our life, making some people annoyed and doubt whether we need them. While some people may contend that it has detrimental effect as well, I am in favor of the active aspects of advertising.My reasons are as follows. First and foremost, adver
34、tisements can offer some videos or words so that we can acquire more comprehensive acknowledge about the latest products. Therefore, customers can make their shopping experience more economical and less time-consuming. Moreover, elaborate advertisements can be a genuine art form. Lastly, some advert
35、ising in the media can motivate people to contribute to charities. In other words, I would be hard-pressed to imagine how charities can get enough funds without the help of non-profit ads. Admittedly, advertising may carry potential drawbacks. Obviously, the huge profits have prompted many companies
36、 to present incorrect information about their products.In summary, I would concede that the proliferation of the advertising industry is not without its adverse effects. Overall, I am convinced that we should further promote the development of advertising and meanwhile the government should introduc
37、e measures to regulate this industry more effectively.参考解析：题干要求就电视广告对消费者究竟有用还是有害写一篇文章。本文开篇通过背景铺垫点明主题，并说明支持广告有益的态度。第二段阐述理由，首先广告能帮助我们对最新的产品有更全面的了解，精心制作的广告可以是一种真正的艺术形式，媒体上的一些广告可以激励人们为慈善事业捐款。同时指出，广告中也有一些不实信息。最后一段总结全文，支持广告，但是也需要政府等部门进行广告监管。共享题干题Section A (5 marks)Read the following passage and fill in th
38、e blanks with the correct forms of 5 words or phrases out of the 7 given in the box. Write the answers on the answer sheet.risk; event; light; function; harm; heavy; because ofBeer, wine, and whisky contain alcohol. Alcohol is a drug that slows down the bodys central nervous system. When a person dr
39、inks, the alcohol moves quickly to the stomach and small intestine. 41. _, the alcohol reaches the brain. It affects the way the brain works. The cerebrum is the control center of the brain. Just a small amount of alcohol affects coordination and judgment, and people cant react to things as quickly
40、as they could without alcohol.The amount of alcohol in the bloodstream is called the blood alcohol concentration, or BAC. As BAC rises, the effects on the central nervous system increase.Some people who drink abuse alcohol. That can lead to addiction. Alcoholics depend on alcohol. Some doctors think
41、 of alcoholism as a disease because, like a disease, it has symptoms and causes 42. _ changes in body organs.Alcohol abuse can damage the lining of the esophagus. The esophagus is the tube that connects the throat and the stomach. The stomach and the small intestine can be affected. 43. _ drinkers c
42、an also damage their kidneys and hearts. Many drinkers develop high blood pressure and heart disease. Alcohol damages or destroys liver cells. Scar tissue replaces healthy liver cells and the liver stops 44. _, and the person dies.Drinking alcohol and taking other drugs at the same time is even 45.
43、_. Even aspirin can change the way alcohol affects a person. Never mix alcohol with other drugs. Always remember that alcohol is a drug. Even one drink can cause changes in the bodyand in the mind.填空题1.() 正确答案：Eventually参考解析：分析句子结构可知，后面为完整的句子，所以此处应该填入一个副词作状语。又根据句意可知，此处表示的是酒精最终会到达大脑对我们的大脑思考产生影响。故填入Ev
44、entually。Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the correct forms of 5 words or phrases out of the 7 given in the box. Write the answers on the answer sheet.risk; event; light; function; harm; heavy; because ofBeer, wine, and whisky contain alcohol. Alcohol is a drug that slows down
45、the bodys central nervous system. When a person drinks, the alcohol moves quickly to the stomach and small intestine. 41. _, the alcohol reaches the brain. It affects the way the brain works. The cerebrum is the control center of the brain. Just a small amount of alcohol affects coordination and jud
46、gment, and people cant react to things as quickly as they could without alcohol.The amount of alcohol in the bloodstream is called the blood alcohol concentration, or BAC. As BAC rises, the effects on the central nervous system increase.Some people who drink abuse alcohol. That can lead to addiction
47、. Alcoholics depend on alcohol. Some doctors think of alcoholism as a disease because, like a disease, it has symptoms and causes 42. _ changes in body organs.Alcohol abuse can damage the lining of the esophagus. The esophagus is the tube that connects the throat and the stomach. The stomach and the small intestine can be affected. 43. _ drinkers can also damage their kidneys and hearts. Many drinkers develop high blood pressure and heart disease. Alcohol damages or destroys liver cells. Scar tissue replaces healthy liver cells and the liver stops 44. _, and the pers