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1、2021高考英语词汇阅读打卡计划（Day15）基础版-：词汇打卡复习1：diet/daiot/n.C饮食；食物；规定饮食；vi.节食Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.脂肪和盐是饮食中非常重要的一部分。【常用搭配】diet pills减肥药a balanced diet 均衡饮食on diet节食；减肥【派生词】dieting n.节食；减肥2：handle/haendl/v.处理；对 付（某人或某事）；（用手）触摸；n.C（门的）把手；柄Exercising makes you more awake and ready to han
2、dle whatever is ahead of you for theday.锻炼会让你更清醒，更能处理好一天的事情。【常用搭配】handle with 处理【派生词】handled adj.有把柄的；有把手的handlers管理者；处理者3：differ/difa(r)/v.使.相异；使.不同The twins look alike,but they differ in personality.这对双胞胎长得相像，但性格却不同。【常用搭配】differ from与.不同；区别于.differ in不同在；在.方面存在不同differwith与.意见不一；与.不调和【派生词】differen
3、t adj.不同的differently adv.不同地difference n.差异；不同；争执4：attack/。task/n.fC&U袭击，攻击；（口头和书面的）抨击，非难；（尤指常发疾病的）发作，侵袭；v.袭击；攻击；（在战争等中使用武器）进攻；抨击；奋力处理；全力对付；进攻So sudden was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape.进攻来得太突然，敌人来不及逃跑。【常用搭配】heart attack心脏病发作under attack受到攻击；在攻击之下【派生词】attacker n.攻击者；进攻者5：literature
4、/litratfa（r）/n.U文学；文献，著作As I had studied literature at university,I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable jobin big companies.由于我在大学读的是文学，我发现在大公司找一份合适的工作相当困难。6：polar/*paola/adj.极地的；两极的；正好相反的【常用搭配】polar bear北极熊7：blog/blng/n.C博客；网络日志；vi.写网志；写博客Do you have a blog about running?你有一个关于跑步的博客吗？【派生词
5、】blogger n.写博客的人；博客使用者8：recipe/resapi/n.C食谱；临床 处方；秘诀Whafs her recipe for success?她成功的秘诀是什么？9：official/afijl/adj.官方的；正式的；公务的；nC要员；官员；高级职员Windsor is one of the official residences of the Queen,who sometimes stays here.温莎城堡是女王的官邸之一，她有时呆在这里。【常 用 搭 配】official report官 方 报 告，正式报告government official 政府官员off
6、icial visit 官方访问official position 公职official duties 公务【派 生 词】officially adv.官 方 地，正式地10：resist/rizist/v.抵 抗，抗 拒；忍耐Will they be able to resist the temptation to buy?他 们 能 抵 抗 得 住 购 买 的 诱 惑 吗？【常 用 搭 配】resist doing sth.抵制做某事【派 生 词】resistant adj.抵 抗 的；反抗的11：imaginevt.想 象,设 想；料 想,猜 想；想时 态：imagined,imagin
7、ing,imagines名 词：imaginer近义词：v.create by mental act,create mentally,expect,anticipate解析：think:最普通用词，指想或思索，也指由反复思考而作出判断或得出结论等。conceive:指在头脑中组织好自己的思想，在心中形成一个系统的思想或一个见解。imagine:比conceive更强调形象思维，指在头脑中形成一个清晰明确的意象。fancy:与 imagine略不同，往往指的是不切实际的，属于梦幻般的想象。realize:指领悟，通过生动的构思或想象从而抓住事物的本质。l.He imagines that peo
8、ple dont believe him.他总是认为人们不信任他。2.Dont imagine yourself to be always correct.不要以为自己总是对。12：pretendvt.&vi.假装,伪装时 态：pretended,pretending,pretends近义词:n.pretense,pretence,pretending,simulation,feigningv.misrepresent,belie,claim,lay claim,arrogate,speculate,actadj.unreal反义词：fn.real,existent英语例句库l.Stop sw
9、anning about pretending to be clever.别自以为是地晃荡了。2.The young prince pretended to the throne.那位年轻的王子觊觎王位。13：punctualadj.准时的，守时的；精确的名 词：punctuality副 词:punctually近义词：adj.on time,prompt,timely反义词：fn.unpunctual1.1 am not myself a particularly punctual person.我本人不是一个严守时间的人。2.1f you are punctual you are not
10、late.如果你严守时间,你就不会迟到。14：assumevt.假定；承担；呈现；采取vi.装腔作势；多管闲事时 态：assumed,assuming,assumes形容词：assumable副 词:assumably近义词：v.expect,anticipate,take office,change,take,move,dissemble解析：assume:指有很少或完全无根据的武断推测或不合逻辑的推理。presume:侧重以过去经验或根据现实的某些感觉把某事认定为是事实。suppose:常用词，意义较广泛，指缺乏确切事实，根据一些现象进行的推测，也可指为论证而提出合乎逻辑推理的某种假定，有
11、时仅表示自己的意见。guess:常用词，指毫无根据仅凭个人主观臆断或碰运气的猜测。postulate:指为证实一个理论的正确性而进行的假设。assume responsibility 承担责任assume liability 承担责任subjective assume 主观臆断l .He assumed command of the Eighth Army.他统率着第八军。2.We cant assume anything in this case.在这种情况下我们不可能做出假设。二：阅读打卡复习(-)“Acting is the least mysterious of all crafts,
12、“Marion Brando once said.But forscientists,working out what is going on in an actor?s head has always been something of apuzzle.Now,researchers have said actors show different patterns of brain activity depending onwhether they are in character or not.Dr.Steven Brown,from McMaster University in Cana
13、da,said,It looks like when you areacting,you are suppressing(压制)yourself,almost like the character is possessing you.”Brown and colleagues reported how 15 actors,mainly theatre students,were trained to takeon a Shakespeare role一either Romeo or Julietin a theatre workshop.They were then invitedinto t
14、he laboratory,where their brains were scanned in a series of experiments.Once inside the MRI scanner,the actors were asked to answer a number of questions,suchas:would they go to the party,and would they tell their parents that they had fallen in love?Each actor was asked to respond to different que
15、stions,based on two different premises（前提）.In one,they were asked for their own perspective,while in the other,they were asked torespond as though they were either Romeo or Juliet.The results revealed that the brain activity differed depending on the situation beingtested.The team found that when th
16、e actors were in character,they use some third-personknowledge or inferences about their character.The team said they also found additional reduction in activity in two regions of theprefrontal cortex（前额皮质）linked to the sense of self compared with when the actors wereresponding as themselves.However
17、,Philip Davis,a professor at the University of Li verpool,was unimpressed by theresearch,saying acting is about far more than“pretending“to be someoneit involvesembodying（体现）the text and language.l.How did Dr.Brown s team conduct their research?A.By scanning the brain activity of some actors.B.By do
18、ing a survey with some theatre goers.C.By interviewing some theatre teachers.D.By consulting some experienced researchers.2.What is the finding of Dr.Brown s research?A.Acting is not as mysterious as people think.B.Actors brain activity differs when they are acting.C.Acting is far more than pretendi
19、ng to be the character.D.Actors brain activity is more active when they are in character3.How did Philip Davis react to the research?A.He supported it.B.He doubted it.C.He explained it.D.He advocated it.4.What is the text mainly about?A.A debate of how the brain functions.B.A play written by Shakesp
20、eare.C.A research on the brain activity of actors.D.A report of the cooperation of scientists and actors.参考答案：ABBC（二）In the first days of the New Year,a photo from Rios traditional fireworks show onCopacabana Beach has spread like wildfire on Brazilian social networksa shot of a little boy,alone,wad
21、ing into the water,separated from the joyful crowd celebrating and taking picturesbehind him.Arms crossed,he stares up wide-eyed and open-mouthed at the fireworks in thesky.Despite the absence of any information about the child other than his age 9,the imageLucas Landau shot for Reuters news agency
22、has sparked tens of thousands of shares andcomments on social media,newspaper articles,blog posts and a national debate about race,class and inequality.To some,its just a photo of a young black boy attracted by the spectacularNew Years Eve fireworks.People need to stop thinking that all black boys,w
23、ithout shirts on,are abandoned,sad,alone and unhappy.To others,the image is emblematic of Brazils acuteinequality.About half of Brazifs population of 200 million is identified as mixed-race/black,secondonly to Nigeria.But black and mixed-raced Brazilians are under-represented in academia,politics an
24、d leadership roles.Less than 10 percent of Brazils Congress is black,and just 18percent of leadership roles are held by Afro-Brazilians.For Luiz Augusto Campos,a sociologist at Rio State University,the wide-ranginginterpretations of the photo,as well as the explosive debate it generated,represent a
25、changingtide for Afro-Brazilians.The fact that its become so problematic is a reflection of a complextransition in terms of race in Brazil,“he said,adding that 20 or 30 years ago,the photo wouldhave stirred few or no concerns about whether it strengthened negative stereotypes（亥!j板 印 象）.uThese change
26、s are still relatively small in Brazil,but they have the long-term objectiveof dissociating the ideas of blackness and poverty,“Campos said.1 .What can we learn from the passage?A.The boy in the photo has been abandoned and needs urgent help.B.Afro-Brazilians are mistreated because they are in the m
27、inority.C.The debate the image generates worsens the acute inequality.D.The boys age is mentioned in the news.2.Which word can be used to replace the underlined word“emblematic”?A.Problematic.B.Representative.C.Objective.D.Significant.3.Which of the following statements may Campos agree with?A.The d
28、ebate reflects a positive tendency in Brazil.B.The debate could have been more fierce 20 or 30 years ago.C.The Afro-Brazilians should fight for their rights.D.The Afro-Brazilians have successfully raised their social status.4.What problem does the photo reflect according to this passage?A.The racial inequality in Brazil.B.The social status of the Afro-Brazilians.C.The stereotype to associate blackness with poverty in Brazil.D.The Afro-Brazilians*fighting for rights.参考答案：DBAC