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1、课时提能练（十九）必修 4Unit lOMoney （A）I .阅读理解A（2021 洛阳市第二次统一考试）Are you driven to create change in improving kids futures? Here are a few options.EducationGoing after a career in education is sometimes overlooked. Yet teaching is an important path to creating change. You will educate the young minds to be res
2、ponsible for the future. In addition to presenting basic school subjects, you can teach them to be leaders.You can motivate them to want to make a difference themselves.A career in education doesn，t have to mean teaching in a classroom. You can help them to learn in a way you work for them and be a
3、friend to them as well.Social workAs a social worker, you can directly change the lives of children in need and advocate services for drug abusers, family violence survivors, and the mentally ill. You will provide them with the necessary resources to succeed and advise them on trauma （精神仓U伤），unemplo
4、yment, education difficulties and poverty.Many social workers are associated with governmental agencies, but there are also jobs in schools, non-profit organizations and hospitals.Child psychologyStudying child psychology may lead to a career option. Psychologists can provide support for children wi
5、th mental problems and give them a place to be open about their feelings.You may wish to become a school psychologist and guide children （and their parents） through the education system while dealing with mental illness or trauma.As a psychologist, you will help your patients find the source of trau
6、ma or stress and discover ways of easing the pain or removing the problem. You may even conduct your own research on new treatment methods.【语篇解读】本文介绍了三种能改善儿童未来的职业选择一一教育、社会效劳和儿童 心理学。1. Which educational concept does the author support?A. Working with students， group leaders.B. Teaching children accor
7、ding to their interest.operating costs also mean it can afford to expand its reach to areas with less foot traffic, according to Chen Zilin, the founder and CEO of BingoBox.【语篇解读】 许多无人值守商店经营者在全国开分店，希望通过减少员工本钱来提高 零售业微薄的利润，但无人值守商店也有其弊端和局限性，经营商需要对其进行改良；另外, 低经营本钱也意味着经营商可将其业务范围扩大到客流量较少的区域。5. What makes t
8、he BingoBox store look like an ordinary convenience store?A. Shelves stacked with goods.B. A lone checkout counter.C. Fewer cashiers to tally up purchases.D. Entering by scanning a QR code.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “At first glance. . . shelves stacked with snacks line the walls可知，乍一看，缤果盒子与普通商店无异，因为其货架上也摆满了商品
9、， 应选A项。6. Why are unmanned stores popular with operators?A. The customers prefer mobile payment systems.B. The unmanned stores help improve profit with lower labor costs.C. The employees focus on consumers preference and buying habits.D. The operators care more about operations and inventory decisio
10、ns.B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，无人值守商店经营者希望通过减少员工本 钱来提高零售业的利润，即无人值守商店减少了员工的开支，有利于提高利润，所以才受到 经营者的欢送，应选B项。7. How many cases can show that the unmanned stores need improving?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.A 细节理解题。题干问有多少种情况说明无人值守商店需要改善。根据第三段的内容 可知，一个光临上海缤果盒子的记者因没有购置商品而被暂时锁在店内，出口处的标牌标明 没有购置商品的顾客可以通过扫描二维码离开，但却找不到
11、该二维码，且反复拨打客户效劳 热线无人应答；根据第四段的内容可知，由于利用多个摄像机扫描客户面部技术受限，另外 一个无人值守商店Take G。一次只允许店内进入一个顾客。由此可知，有两种情况说明无人 值守商店需改善，应选A项。8. What can we infer according to Chen Zilin?A. Nowadays all stores should be equipped with advanced technology.B. The operators collect data about consumers preference and buying habits.
12、C. BingoBox made wiser decisions based on the data collected in unmanned stores.D. The operators can open unmanned supermarkets in more remote places with low costs.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，较低的经营本钱意味着经营商能够将业 务范围扩大到客流量较少的地区，即较偏远的地区，应选D项。H.阅读七选五1 Here are three of them.2 By using solar energy, you will ma
13、ke your home far more sustainable. So long as there is the sun in the sky, the solar panels atop your house will catch the rays and then transform them into electricity.3To be truly sustainable, youve to change your water drinking habits.4 More often than not, these types of straws are used only onc
14、e before being got rid of and taking up valuable landfill space.5You have the power to make a sustainable change to your lifestyle take the above advice and dont waste it.A. Turn to solar energy.B. Avoid wasting valuable resources.C. The best thing you can do is cycle, walk, or run.D. Two choices yo
15、u have are sharing cars and taking public transport.E. There，re many easy and simple things you can do to be more sustainable.F. Another change you can make in this instance is to stop using plastic straws.G. Drinking water like this might be quick, easy and convenient, but its not sustainable.【语篇解读
16、】本文介绍了三条有助于养成环保生活方式的建议，包括使用太阳能、改变饮水习惯以及减少交通工具的碳排放量。1. E 根据空前的 “this kind of transformation doesn，t have to be an exhausting exercise可知，这种改变不一定是一项使人疲惫的活动，并结合空后一句表述的“这里是 它们中的三个以及下文表述的三个建议可知，E项与此处匹配。2. A 根据空后的 “By using solar energy, you will make your home far more sustainable”可知，该段讲的是“使用太阳能的建议，故A项符合语
17、境。3. G 该段主要谈论改变饮水的习惯，空前一句表述如果你数过数量，你会发现你一年 中因饮水而用的一次性塑料瓶的数量能到达三位数，或者甚至可能是四位数，由此可知，空 处应是对饮用塑料瓶装水的评价，应选G。4. F 根据空后一句中的“these types of straws7可知，F项“就这个情况而言，你可以做出的另一个改变是停止使用塑料吸管符合语境。5. D 该局部谈论的是在交通工具的碳排放量方面如何培养环保的生活方式，空前一句 表述仍然有一些你能做的事情来使你的生活方式更加环保，D项中的“Two choices”与此处 照应，且整句话表述的内容与此段内容匹配，应选D项。III .语法填空
18、(2021 长沙市统一模拟)According to 1.new study by the WHO (World Health Organization), about 25 percent of adults worldwide do not get enough exercise. Because of this, about 1. 4 billion people are 2.greater risk of developing 3.(dead) diseases such as heart disease and cancer.When it comes to 4.(exercise)
19、 more, experts say that people needn，t go to the gym every day.There are other ways to exercise. For example, we can take the stairs instead of taking an elevator. And standing on one leg for 30 seconds each day 5.(be) also good for our health.The study also finds that women are less active than men
20、 because 6.(them) tend to spend more time at home taking care of 7. (child) and doing housework.Countries with higher incomes show higher rates of inactivity. For example, people in Kuwait and the United States exercise less 8.people in Uganda and Nepal. This is partly because in 9. (develop) areas,
21、 desk jobs have taken the place of physical labor and cars 10.(replace) walking.【语篇解读】世界卫生组织的一项新的研究发现，全世界大约有25%的成年人缺乏足 够的锻炼；女性由于要照顾孩子和做家务，与男性相比锻炼得少。此外，高收入国家的人们 比低收入国家的人们锻炼得少。1. a 考查冠词。根据语境可知，该处泛指“一项新的研究，故用不定冠词；又new 的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。2. at 考查固定搭配。此处表示正因为如此，约有14亿人有较大的患心脏病和癌症等 致命疾病的风险。at risk of.“有的风险。3.
22、deadly 考查形容词。该处指“致命的疾病，故用形容词deadly ”致命的，修 饰名词 diseaseso 4. exercising 考查动名词。when it comes to doing sth.”当涉及做某事时“为固 定用法，故空处应用动名词形式。5. is 考查时态和主谓一致。此处为客观描述，应用一般现在时，又该句主语为动名 词短语“standing on one leg for 30 seconds each day”,谓语动词应用单数形式，故填 iso 6. they 考查人称代词。空处作从句的主语，故用主格they。7. children 考查名词的单复数。从句的主语为复数
23、，故此处照顾的孩子也不止一个, 故该处用名词的复数形式children。8. than 考查比较级的标志词。根据空前的副词比较级less可知，该处表示比较，意 为“比，故用thano 9. developed 考查形容词。由上文可知，科威特人和美国人比乌干达人和尼泊尔人锻 炼得少；结合常识可知，这是因为在兴旺地区，伏案工作已经取代了体力劳动，汽车已经取 代了步行。故空处用形容词developed “兴旺的。10. have replaced 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处与该句中的现在完成时相照应, 应用现在完成时；又主语cars为复数，故填have replacedo IV .短文改错（20
24、21 郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测）The first foreign language I never learnt was French, but it didn，t go very well. My mother asked our neighbor teach me when I was seven. French wasn，t his native languages, but he used to live in France, so he could speak a little. However, I learnt very little until I didn，t fe
25、el it related to my daily life anyway. When I entered into senior high school, my attitude to language learning changed. I decided to learn Latin, that Ive always been interested in because I want to study law. Learning Latin wasn，t a struggle for myself for this reason. Soon I begin to read classic
26、s in Latin. Read those books opened a window for me to another world or gave me a new point of view on my own world.答案never,The first foreign language I learnt was French, but it didn t go veryeverwe11. My mother asked our neighborAtoteach me when I was seven. French wasn，t hisnativelanguageslanguag
27、ebut he used to live in France, so he could speak a little. However,learnt very littleuntilbecause/since/asI didn，t feel it related to my daily lifeanyway. When I entered iiHo senior high school, my attitude to language learningchanged. I decided to learn Latin,thatwhichr ve always been interested i
28、n because I wantbeginbeganto read classics in Latin.ReadReadingthose books opened a window for me to another world,myselfto study law. Learning Latin wasn t a struggle for - for this reason. Soon Iorandgave me a new point of view on my own world.C. Keeping teaching children in the classroom.D. Encou
29、raging students to make a change themselves.D 细节理解题。根据 Education 局部中的 “You can motivate them to want to make a difference themselves可知，作者鼓励儿童自己做出改变，故D项正确。2. Who will social workers help most probably?A. Governmental officials.B. Local business agents.C. Children with education difficulties.D. Women
30、suffering from family violence.C 推理判断题。根据 Social work 局部中的“As a social worker, you can directly change the lives of children in need“uadvise them on.education difficulties”可推知，社会福利工作者最可能帮助学习有困难的儿童，故C项正确。3. Which career mainly deals with children with mental illness?A. Educators.B. Schoolleaders.C. S
31、ocialworkers.D. Schoolpsychologists.D细节理解题。根据 Child psychology 局部中的 Psychologists can providesupport for children with mental problems”以及尾段第一句可知，学校心理学家主要和 有精神疾病的儿童打交道，故D项正确。B（2021 南昌市一模）When given the choice, about 85% of people say they would not want to know about some negative events far in the f
32、uture. Yet recently millions of people around the globe have downloaded FaceApp, which allows users to see how they might age in real life.Many people had fun with it, joking that they love the FaceApp old age filter. Beneath the humor is a serious subject: How do we learn to relate to our future se
33、lves? It，s important that we try to do it because it could help strengthen the long- term decisions that we make. However, we often fail to make sacrifices for the grayer versions of ourselves.More than half of the respondents in a recent survey of 2, 800 Americans said they rarely or never thought
34、about what their lives might be like 30 years from now. This isn，t surprising, since most of us are firmly rooted in the present and thinking about the distant future can seem like a distant priority （。二先事项）.My ongoing research might also offer an explanation: We tend to think about our future selve
35、s as if they are the persons different from who we are today. In an effort to narrow these empathy （共鸣）gaps, my workmates and I have tried to present people* s future selves in the same way as others have tried to promote charity. Given that a photograph of one hungry child can spark emotional react
36、ions, and cause viewers to donate, we have presented participants with vivid images of their distant selves.That seems helpful. In a recently completed project in Mexico, we found that exposure to future images led more people to contribute to their pensions. Despite this research, Im skeptical abou
37、t the fact that the app users will suddenly increase their pension contributions. The silly app isn，t paired with an immediate opportunity to change.The lesson from FaceApp shouldnt be that we need to marry hi-tech visuals with savings for retirement. The lesson, then, takes the form of a question:
38、What more can be done to urge us to think about who we will become one day?【语篇解读】FaceApp推出的人脸编辑器能让人看到自己未来变老的样子，这引发了 作者的思考，并让作者从中获得了一个以问题的形式呈现的教训：我们需要多做些什么来敦 促自己去思考有朝一日我们会成为什么样子？4. What can we learn about FaceApp?A. It provides future images.B. It is the most downloaded app.C. It helps people make de
39、cisions.D. It makes people age in real life.A 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的“which allows users to see how they might age in real life”可知,FaceApp可以让用户看到他们是如何变老的,故可推知，FaceApp 能提供未来的图像，应选A。5. Why do most respondents rarely think of their future life?A. Theyhave known their future lifefrom FaceApp.B. Theyfail to ma
40、ke sacrifices for their future.C. Theyattach greater importance tothe present.D. Theyconsider future selves to bethe same astodays.C 细节理现单题。根据第三段中的 “most of us are firmly rooted in the present and thinking about the distant future can seem like a distant priority（优先事项）” 可 知，大局部回复调查的人很少考虑他们未来的生活是因为他们
41、更加重视现在，应选C。6. What does the underlined word “ That in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. Completing a project in Mexico.B. Offering aging images of participants.C. Raising contributions among viewers.D. Giving a photograph of a hungry child.B 代词指代题。画线词所在句为第四段首句。根据语境可知，That承接上文内容，指 的是上文中提到的一个具体的行为，结合第三段尾句中的“pre
42、sented participants with vivid images of their distant selves ”可知，That 指的就是这个行为，应选 B。7. Whats the authors attitude to FaceApp?A. Positive.B. Doubtful.C. Ambiguous.D. Unfavorable.D 观点态度题。根据第四段中的The silly app isn，t paired with an immediate opportunity to change可推知，作者对FaceApp持不支持的态度，应选D。II.完形填空(2021 西安
43、五校高三联考)Two-year-old Nancy is deaf. However, that hasn，t stopped her from being a(n) 1 little girl trying to chat” to anyone she meets. As soon as she goes out into town with her parents, she starts 2 in the hope that the person she is talking to 3 sign language too.Normally, hearing loss is a social
44、 a for those who don，t know how to use sign language. Anyone Nancy tried to talk to 立 this and felt so sorry they couldn，t_6_. They wished they could7 her and say something back, but they foundthemselves completely 8 .Then, something amazing happened. Instead of causing a(n) 9, this barrierbrought t
45、he community together. Determined to 10 sign language so that they could talk to Nancy, her 11 hired an instructor on their own. And now they 12 lots of time taking classes together. The teacher 13 that this is really remarkable because, quite often, even the parents of deaf children dont 14 to lear
46、n this language. But here Nancy has a full community that is signing and communicating with her, and it is a 15 story.The teacher also says that it will make a huge difference in Nancys6_.It almost certainly guarantees that she will be a happier _17in the future. Nancy，sparents are already noticing
47、a18 in their daughter and they have no words toexpress how 19 they are to their neighbors.With a little girl and a lot of love, the neighbors 20 make the neighborhood a loving community.【语篇解读】Nancy从小失聪，但是这并没有阻止她成为一个外向的、想要与他人沟 通的孩子。她用手语和周围的人交流，但是大家都听不懂。于是她的邻居们请了一位老师来 教他们学习手语，老师认为这是一个了不起的举动。因为这个小女孩和大家
48、为她做的事，这 个社区团结在了一起。B. helpful1. A. independentC. outgoingD. generousC 根据空后的 “little girl trying to chat to anyone she meets”可知，失聪 并没有阻止Nancy成为一个外向的(outgoing)小女孩，她试图和遇到的每一个人聊天。2. A.signingB. cheeringC. wavingD. smilingA 根据上文可知Nancy失聪了，此处表示她开始使用手语，她希望她要交谈的人也懂 (know)手语。此处对应下文中的sign language。sign意为“打手语。3. A.acceptsB.knowsC.recognizesD.appreciatesB 参见上题解析。know “知道，了解。4. A