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1、备战2022高考英语全国名校最新模拟试题分类汇编第二期专题03阅读理解（2022黑龙江齐齐哈尔一模）The world is getting greener, according to a new study published in Nature this week.Chi Chen, lead author of the study, and his colleagues have been mining data collected by an orbiting NASA camera that monitors green vegetation on Earths surface, d
2、ay by day. Even more interesting: They are able to show the exact causes of increasing or decreasing leaf cover in particular areas.In some cold places, increase in leaf cover apparently resulted from global warming. Since the climate is becoming more and more temperate and the growing season is get
3、ting longer and longer, the plants are growing bigger and leafier there.“One large area of Brazil lost vegetation. I personally checked the data, and thats because of lack of rain,“ Chen said.The most striking changes, though, were the result of human decisions in China and India. Both countries hav
4、e been getting a lot greener.The greening of India, Chen says, comes from a huge expansion of irrigated agriculture. Instead of having just crops when its raining, they also have a whole six months of cropping and greenness when its not raining J he says. This version of greening isnt really so grea
5、t for the environment, though. The irrigation drains groundwater, vegetation is wiped away at harvest time and the extra chemicals farmers use produce greenhouse gases.”In China, though, about half of the new leaf cover that Chen detected appears to be the result of a massive reforestation effort. I
6、ts a government-supported attempt to prevent disastrous dust storms that resulted from earlier deforestation. They are really doing a good job,“ Chen says. They have a large and comprehensive tree planting program. Those trees will stay in place, capturing （捕捉）dust and also CO2, the greenhouse gas.
7、Theyll store it in wood, roots and soil, doing their part to slow global warming.Which of the following best explains the underlined word temperate“ in paragraph 3? A. Warm.B. Wet.C. ColdD. Dry.1. What has led to the decrease of leaf cover in the Brazilian area?B. A stolen phone is the best way to m
8、ake connections.C. People should be careful when buying a second-hand phone.D. Matt and Brother Orange set a good example to us.（2022广西桂林模拟预测）The following is the lesson plan for teaching English based on TED talks and other videos worth watching.LESSON OVERVIEWThis lesson plan is based on a short v
9、ideo presenting a man who shares experiences from his unusual journey and masters vocabulary in particular travel phrasal verbs. Students will also have a lot of opportunities to speak as they will share their traveling experiences.TRAVEL PHRASAL VERBSThe worksheet starts with tasks built around tra
10、vel phrasal verbs. First, students get six sentences and they have to finish them by choosing a correct answer which will reflect the meaning of a given phrasal verb. Next, students complete questions with the correct forms of some of the phrasal verbs from the previous exercise. After that they nee
11、d to discuss these questions.QUOTE & VOCABULARYThen, students move to the next part of the lesson plan. They have a quote by Anthony Bourdain who claims that Travel isn*t always pretty. It isnt always comfortablen. Theyneed to discuss it and share their opinion about it. Next, they move to a vocabul
12、ary task. After that, students have to match halves to create phrases which come from the video and include words from the previous task.VIDEO & DISCUSSIONThe last part of the lesson plan starts with a short lead-in to the video in the form of a discussion about experiences and challenges we can fac
13、e on a walking adventure. Then, students watch the video and summarize it by using their own words. Finally, to wrap up the lesson, students discuss the walking journey presented in the video and their own attitude towards such traveling.28. What theme does this lesson focus on?A. A special lecture.
14、B. A travel schedule.C. A travel experience.D. A lecture guidance.29. How does the teacher end the lesson?A. By exchanging ideas.B By listing questions.C. By making a prediction.D. By giving an examination.30. Whats the authors purpose of writing the text?A. To tell readers how to study English.B To
15、 show teachers how to have an English class.C. To inform readers of the importance of English.D. To remind teachers of the necessity of a teaching plan.（2022河北石家庄一模）When someone damages their backbone, the injury can leave them paralyzed （瘫痪）.Now, scientists have given three paralyzed men the abilit
16、y to walk again, thanks to an implanted device.The human backbone, or spine, doesnt just help us stand up straight. Inside is the spinal cord, which carries important information between the head and the lower part of the body. This information moves around as bursts of electricity traveling between
17、 the brain and the other parts of the body. When the spinal cord is hurt, this pathway gets damaged and they cant move their legs.Now scientists in Switzerland have given three paralyzed men the ability to walk again. To help them walk again, the men had surgery. A special device was placed directly
18、 on the lower part of their spinal cord, below their injury. This implant“ contained sixteen electrodes, which are small objects that electricity can pass through. The researchers made sure the electrodes were lined up with nerves that control the leg muscles. The scientists controlled the implants
19、from a tablet computer.The patients brains arent sending “walking“ messages to their legs. Instead, the tablet tells the implant to send the walking messages. The researchers used computers to generate patterns of movement, like taking a step. The patient then uses the tablet to choose the pattern a
20、nd the muscles move in the chosen way. Over time, the men were able to walk using a special walker with buttons to control each leg.The solution isnt perfect. Its very expensive, it requires difficult surgery, and the patients cant walk without the system. But the scientists are hopeful that in the
21、future, this sort of technology will allow many paralyzed people to begin to walk again in just hours. 31. Whats the main function of the spinal cord?A. It serves as a message carrier.B. It helps people stand up straight.C. It takes control of the muscles.D. It produces signals for movements.A. Acti
22、vate the damaged nerves.C. Test the degree of the damage.injury.33. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A. How the surgery is performed.C. How the patients walk without aid.34. Which can be the best title of the text?B. Identify the position of the injury.D. Bridge the nerve gap made by theB , How the
23、device works on patients.D. How movement patterns are designed.A. Damaged nerves recover after surgery.B Tablets are used in a medical treatment.C. Implant helps the paralyzed walk again.D. Scientists made a discovery on backbones.（20221可 J匕石家庄模）Bob Shahmardi was 4 years old when he developed a seve
24、redisease. Success rates with the disease were relatively low at that time, but his family was lucky to live in a community that was helpful when they didnt have many resources and it was at that time that Make-A-Wish stepped in. Through that organization, the Shahmardi family got to enjoy a trip to
25、 Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. The then 4-year-old hugged a character actor as part of a wish granted to him and his family by the organization. It wasnt just going on a trip. Tt was more about how we got through that hard time. It was fun for me, but it was lifeline for my parents.said Bob.3
26、0 years later, Bob and his wife, Jill Welch, decided to turn their wedding into a fundraiser for the Make-A-Wish Foundation. Their wedding guests financed two wishes for local children, more being planned. Many donated generously to the cause, spending more, perhaps, than they might have if it was j
27、ust to buy the couple a wedding gift like fine china or a kitchen appliance. Bob said their wedding donation to the Make-A-Wish Foundation isnt going to be one and done”. The two plan on continuing to contribute going forward.Gloria Crockett, president and chief executive officer of the organization
28、, said she felt it amazing to have someone who benefited come back to pay it forward to other kids looking for wishes.Contrary to popular belief, Gloria stressed that wishes arent given to critically ill children as a “last wish, but are given as a part of the treatment process. The organization gra
29、nted at least 165 wishes last year. This year Gloria hopes to grant somewhere between 199 and 299 wishes, depending on funding.35. Which of the following helped Bob realize his wish?A. The hospital. B. Make-A-Wish.36. What made Bobs wedding special?A. Collecting money for local kids.C. The attendanc
30、e of officials.C. The community. D. Disney World.B Receiving expensive gifts.D , The number of the guests.B. It was a lifeline.D. It was a last wish.37. What does the underlined part one and done“ in Paragraph 2 mean?D. Personal.A. Once-only. B. Non-stop.C. Sizable.38. What did Gloria think of the w
31、ish given to Bob?A. It was a fun experience.C. It was a certain treatment.参考答案:1. AB2. CD【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 Chi Chen利用在轨卫星的地面监控数据分析全球绿地 面积变化。1. 词句猜测题。根据画线词前In some cold places, increase in leaf cover apparently resulted from global warming（在一些寒冷的地方，植被覆盖的增加明显是由全球变暖引起的）”及后面的 “and the growing sea
32、son is getting longer and longer, the plants are growing bigger and leafier there（生长季节变得越来越长，那里的植物长得越来越大，叶子也越来越多）”可知，植物长 得越来越大，叶子也越来越多是因为气候变暖，因此画线词temperate意为“暖和的”，即 Warm,故选 A。2. 细节理内牟题 o 根据第四段力 personally checked the data, and thafs because of lack of rain（我亲 自检查了数据，那是因为缺雨厂可知，巴西地区树叶覆盖的减少是因为天气干燥。故选
33、Bo3. 推理判断题。根据第六段“This version of greening isnt really so great for the environment, though. The irrigation drains groundwater, vegetation is wiped away at harvest time and the extra chemicals farmers use produce greenhouse gases.（不过，这种版本的绿化对环境并不是很好。 灌溉会排干地下水，收获季节的植被会消失，农民使用的额外化学物质会产生温室气体） 可知，过度耕种会对环
34、境造成负面影响。由此推知，Chi Chen对印度的过度耕作所造成的 绿地面积增加感到担心。故选C。4. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“In China, though, about half of the new leaf cover that Chen detected appears to be the result of a massive reforestation effort. Its a government-supportedattempt to prevent disastrous dust storms that resulted from earlier deforesta
35、tion然而，在中国， 陈检测到的大约一半的新植被似乎是大规模植树造林的结果。这是一项政府支持的尝试， 旨在防止早期森林砍伐导致的灾难性沙尘暴广可知，最后一段主要讲的是中国的绿化事 业，故选D。5. DA6. CB【解析】【导语】木文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，愤怒的蜜蜂的录音足以让高大强壮的非洲象逃 跑。本文对这项研究结果进行了论证。5. 主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段“Recordings （录音）of angry bees are enough to send big, tough African elephants running away,a new study says.（一
36、项新的研究表明，愤怒的蜜蜂的录 音足以让高大强壮的非洲象逃跑）”可知文章主要讲述的是愤怒的蜜蜂会把大象吓跑。故选 Do6. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But before she asked farmers to set up beehives on their farms, she needed to find out if the bees would frighten elephants away.（但在她要求农民在他们的农 场上建立蜂箱之前，她需要弄清楚这些蜜蜂是否会把大象吓跑）”以及文章第四段“Lucy found a wild beehive inside a tree in n
37、orthern Kenya and set up a recorder.（露西在肯尼亚W匕部 的一棵树上发现了一个野生蜂巢，并设置了一个录音机）”可知露西往一个野蜂箱里扔了块 石头来记录蜜蜂愤怒的声音。故选A。7. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Years ago, scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them.（多年前，科学家露西金（Lucy King）和她的团队 发现，大象会避开某些有蜜蜂居住的树木）”可知大象不会靠近有蜜蜂居住的树。C项：
38、Elephants do not go near trees with bees living in them.（大象不会靠近有蜜蜂居住的树）合乎 题意。故选C。8. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“She hasnt tested enough groups yet to know and she has now begun placing speakers in the fields to see if elephants are frightened away.（她还没有对足够多 的群体进行测试，现在她已经开始在田野里放置扬声器，看看大象是否会被吓跑）”可知需 要测试更多的象群。故选B。9
39、. DC10. BC【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是数字革命对拯救经济的影响。9. 推理判断题。根据第四段的Nations lacking in schools, hospitals and banks will jump at the first digital option that comes along and quickly bridge these gaps by establishing online services.（缺乏学校、医院和银行的国家将会欣然接受第一个出现的数字化选择，并通过建 立在线服务迅速弥补这些差距。厂可知，缺乏基本公共设施的国家更愿意接受数字服务
40、。 故选Do10. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的Since 2010, the cost of starting a business has held steady in developed countries while falling sharply in emerging countries, from 66% to just 27% of the average annual income. Businessmen can now launch businesses affordably, organizing much of what they need on a smartpho
41、ne.（自2010年以来，在发达国家，创业成本一直保持稳定，而 在新兴国家，创业成本则大幅下降，从平均年收入的66%降至27%。商人们现在可以负担 得起创办企业，用智能手机组织他们需要的很多东西。户可推断出新兴国家的商人通过以 较低的成本做生意来从数字技术中获益，故选C。11. 推理判断题。根据最后段的“While the pandemic is weakening globalization, the age of rapid digitization has just begun. This offers many developing economies a revolutionary
42、new path to catching up with the living standards of the developed world.（在疫情削弱全球化的同时，快速 数字化时代才刚刚开始。这为许多发展中经济体提供了一条革命性的新道路，以赶上发达 国家的生活水平。广可推断出最后一段提到了“汽车和蒸汽机”是为了表明数字化将产生长 期影响。故选B。12. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“People wonder how they will pay debts rung up during the Covid-19 pandemic and how they can grow ra
43、pidly as they did in the past.（人们想矢口道 他们将如何偿还Covid-19大流行期间的债务，以及他们如何能像过去那样快速增长。厂和 第二段的“The freshest answer is the fast-spreading digital revolution （革命）.（最新鲜的答案是迅 速蔓延的数字革命。厂可知，本文主要讲的是数字革命对拯救经济的影响，因此最好的题 目是C选项“Digital Tech Saves the Declining Emerging Markets（数字技术拯救衰退的新兴市 场） 故选C。13. BD14. A 16. B【解析】
44、 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者在北京冬奥会媒体中心所见到的各种机器人。 13.细节理解题。根据第二段“Two of the most advanced robots regularly operate in crowded space. One greets visitors, answers questions and offers to guide people through the crowds.（两个最先进 的机器人经常在拥挤的空间中工作。其中一个向游客打招呼，回答问题，并提供引导人们 穿过人群的服务。户可知，那台机器人可以在拥挤的人群中领路。故选B。14. 细节理解题。
45、根据第三段“For example, the snack robots just go around the media center fbr about 15 minutes every hour-usually only between noon and 17:00.（例如，零食机器人每小时 只在媒体中心周围转15分钟，通常只在中午到17:00之间。厂可知，分发零食的机器人是 按照预定的时间表提供服务的。故选D。15. 细节理解题。根据最后一段But the most important goal is to reduce direct contact （接触） between peopl
46、e.（但最重要的目标是减少人与人之间的直接接触。广可知，冬奥会媒体中心 大量采用机器人的主要目的是为了减少人与人之间的直接接触。故选Ao 16.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Directions, luggage delivery, tasty food. Those are some of the things weve seen robots offering at the media center of Beijing Winter Olympics.（指 南，行李配送，美味的食物。这些就是我们在北京冬奥会的媒体中心看到的机器人提供的 一些东西。广可知，文章主要介绍了他在北京冬奥
47、会媒体中心所见到的各种机器人，因此 最好的题目是 B 选项“Helpful Robots at Beijing Winter Olympics Media Center（北京冬奥会媒 体中心的机器人助手广，故选B。17. AB18. DB【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了北京新开的主题公园环球影城。17. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The park has many attractions and restaurants designed to reflect the country9s cultural heritage.Guests who have been to the oth
48、er Universal parks and want to experience something fresh will be most excited about the Kung Fu Panda Land of Awesomeness. （该公园有许多景点和餐厅，旨在反映该国的文化遗产。去过其他环球公园并想体验新鲜事 物的游客将对这片令人惊叹的功夫熊猫之地感到最兴奋）”可知，游客在功夫熊猫乐园将获 得有关中国文化的特殊体验。故选A。18. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Transformers Metrobase is where guests will experience the impressive outdoor Decepticoaster, while the Minion Land and Jurassic World Isla Nubar have plenty for the little ones.（在Transformers Metrobase游客可以体验到令人印象深刻的户外霸天 虎过山车，而Minion Land和Jurassic World Isla Nubar则为小朋友们提供了大量的游乐设 施）”可知，Jurassic World Isla Nubar有更多的儿童游乐设施。故选B。19.推理判断题。根据第一段中C