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1、类型3|科普知识考查要点方法技巧1 .科学现象、概念、定义、类别等。2 .事物的性质、特点、原理、用途 等。3 .事物或现象产生的原因、过程、 演变。4 .相似事物间的异同。1 .理清说明顺序：时间、空间、逻辑顺 序。2 .把握文章结构：并列式、承接式、 递进式、总分式。3 .认清说明方法：下定义、举事例、 作比较、打比方等。经典案例分析（全国卷 II -C）Terrafugia Inc.said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its g
2、oal of selling the flying car within Ihe next year.The vehiclenamed the Transitionhas two seals, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car.The Transition, which flew at I， 400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air
3、.lt flics using a 23- gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air.On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.Around 100 people have already put down a$10 000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition
4、 to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show.But dont expect it to show up in too many driveways.Its expected to cost $279, OOO.And it wont help if youre stuck in traffic.The car needs a runway.Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an a
5、irline industry experl.But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality.The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets fe
6、deral safety standards.Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administrations decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes.Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complet
7、e 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文。Terrafugia公司研制出飞行汽车并成功进行了第一次飞行，使飞行汽车成为现实更进一步。【长难句解读】 The Transition, which flew at 1, 400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the
8、road and 115 in the air.分析句中which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为The Transition。译文飞行汽车Transition上个月在1 400英尺的高度飞行了 8分钟，它在公路 上的行驶速度能达到每小时70英里，在空中能达到每小时115英里。1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. The basic data of the Transition.B. The advantages of flying cars.C. The potential market for flying cars.D. The de
9、signers of the Transition.2. Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways?A. It causes traffic jams.B. It is difficult to operate.C. It is very expensive.D. It burns too much fuel.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的But dont expect it to show up in too many driveways. Its expected to cost $279, 000.”可知
10、,此款汽车不能推广的主要原 因是它太贵了，故选Q项。What is the governments attitude to the development of the flying car?A. Cautious.B. Favorable.C. Ambiguous.D. Disapproving.考查推理判断。根据第三段“The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.”中的 permit 可知， 政府对此持支持
11、的态度，故选上项。What is the best title for the text?A. Flying Car at Auto ShowB. The Transitions First FlightC. Pilots Dream Coming TrueD. Flying Car Closer to Reality考查主旨大意。根据本文的第一句“Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal
12、of selling the flying car within the next year.”可知，Terrafugia 公司飞行汽车成功进 行了第一次飞行，从而使飞行汽车更加接近现实，故选R项。题材对点训练(济南市模拟)A European Union program is letting blind people experience famous paintings for the firsl time. It uses three-dimensional (3-D) printing to recreate famous paintings so they can be touche
13、d.One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimts The Kiss” . It is a popular attraction at the Belvedere Museum in Vienna, Austria. The painting shows a man and a woman standing in a field filled with flowers. They are wearing gold robes and have their arms around each other. The man
14、leans down to kiss the woman.Klimt finished the painting in 1908. Until now, people who had trouble seeing could not appreciate the artwork. But thanks to the reproduction they can touch the piece and feel the ridges and depressions. Andreas Reichinger started making 3-D versions of artwork in . He
15、said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couples robes are so detailed.Dominika Raditsch is a blind museum visitor. She touched the reproduction. As she moved her hands around it she said, “ Exactly, can you see these? There are so many details/ Raditsch said she could imagi
16、ne what the original painting looks like when she touched the reproduction. Its somehow round. You can feel it. You can feel it. It comes with it. And in many places its so smooth. And then I think to myself: it probably shines too! ” Raditsch said.The Belvedere is not the only museum to have 3- D v
17、ersions of its artwork. Some of the pieces at the Prado Museum, in Madrid, Spain have reproductions that can be touched. But the piece in Vienna has one special part: it is made with widely available 3-D printing technology. That means one day, blind art fans anywhere in the world could download the
18、 source files and print the reproductions themselves.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了欧盟的一个项目使用3D打印技术重现名画，让它们可以被视障人士触摸到。1. What is “The Kiss” ?A. A European Union project.B. A popular painting.C. A 3-D technology.D. A famous museum.B 考查细节理解。从文章第二段的One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimts The
19、 Kiss . It is a popular attraction.”可知，吻是一幅深受欢迎的画作。故选B项。Why did Reichinger say this reproduction was difficult to finish?A. The painting was reproduced detailedly.B. The original artwork was made in 1908.C. Blind art fans cant download the source.D. The 3- D technology is not available.A 考查细节理解。从文章第
20、三段的最后一句He said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couples robes are so detailed.”可知， Andreas Reichinger iL吻他是最难完成的作品，因为那对恋人的长袍细节 很多。故选A项。B项“原画作制作于1908年”和C项“视障的艺术粉丝 们不能下载资源”与该题的要求不符；D项错在“not available”,与文章第三 段中的 astarted making 3-D versions of artwork in * 不符。How did Raditsc
21、h feel when she first touched the reproduction?A. Awkward.B. Puzzled.C. Excited.D. Nervous.C 考查推理判断。从文章第四段中的“You can feel it.You can feel it.可以 推测出Raditsch “激动的”心情。故选C项。What is the best title for the text?A. A European Union Program for Museum VisitorsB. 3-D Printing Lets the Blind Experience Famous PaintingsC. How to Reproduce the World- famous PaintingsD. A Special Museum for Art Fans in Vienna, AustriaB 考查标题判断。从文章第一段的内容可以看出，用3D打印技术让视障 人士体验名画是文章的中心，下文是围绕该话题展开介绍的。故选B项。 【导学号：523840031