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1、考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析 详解含译文Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively ; and 26 of George Bush s predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half.结构： Thus the American president and vic
2、e-president 主have 谓 surnames 宾starting with B and C respectively 定;and 26 of George Bush7 s predecessors (including his father) 主had t胃surnames 宾in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half 定单词：Respectively ad 分别地Predecessor n.前任1. This , for those as yet unaware of such a di
3、sadvantage , refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet .结构： This i插入语：,for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage , refers to 胃discrimination against those 宾定语从句：whose surnames 主begin with 谓a letter in the lowerhalf of the alphab
4、et 宾单词：Surname n.姓氏词组：As yet到目前为止Begin with以开始解析： 两个逗号之间是插入语，截断了主语和谓语whose引导定语从句，修饰those,表示宾格直译：按字母表排序，一些人到目前为止还没有意识到不利，涉及对那 些姓氏以字母表后半部分字母开头的人的歧视译文：对于那些还没有意识到这种不利条件的人来说，这指的是歧视那些以字母表中靠后的字母为姓氏的人重点： As yet到目前为止Begin with以开始 两个逗号之间是插入语，截断了主语和谓语whose引导定语从句，修饰those,表示宾格2. It has long been known that a tax
5、i firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories .结构： It has long been known宾语从句：that a taxi firm called AAAA cars 主has 谓a bigadvantage over Zodiac cars 宾时间状语从句:when customers 主thumb through 谓theirphone directories 宾单词：Thumb n.大拇指Direc
6、tory n目录 簿词组:It has long been known that.人们早就知道了Thumb through翻阅浏览解析： That引导宾语从句做known的宾语宾语从句中有一个时间状语从句，由When引导直译：人们早就知道了，当顾客浏览他们的电话簿时，叫AAAA汽车” 的出租车公司比叫Z汽车的公司有很大优势译文：人们早就知道，当乘客翻电话本叫出租车时，一家名为“A汽车 的出租车公司就比一家名为Z汽车”的公司所具有的优势大重点： It has long been known that.人们早就知道了Thumb through 翻阅浏览 That引导宾语从句做known的宾语宾语从
7、句中有一个时间状语从句，由When引导3. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoe Zysman .English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet .结构: Less well known 主is 系the advantage 表同位语从句：that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoe Zysman . English names 主are 系fairly even
8、ly spread between the halves of the alphabet 表单词：Evenly ad.均匀地平衡地平等地词组：Less well known很少有人知道直译：很少有人知道这个在生活中姓氏为A的比Z有优势。英语名字是公平地均匀地分布在字母表的前后两部分中译文：人们不太知晓的是，在生活中Adam Abbott比Zoe Zysman有优势，英国人的名字很均匀地分布在字母表的前后部分中重点： Less well known很少有人知道Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning
9、 with letters between A and K .结构: Yet a suspiciously large number of top people 主have 谓surnames 宾beginning with letters between A and K 定单词：Suspiciously ad.出奇地 非常词组：Large number of 大量Begin with以开始Between A and B 在 A 和 B 之间直译：然而，出奇的是，大量的牛人的姓氏以A和K之间的字母开头译文：不过，绝大部分杰出的人物是以A到K之间的字母为姓氏的重点： Large number o
10、f 大量Begin with以开始 Between A and B 在 A 和 B 之间。词组:Start with从开始Vice-president 副总统直译：因此，美国总统和副总统的姓氏分别以B和C开头；乔治布什 的前任总统中（包括他的父亲）有26位的姓氏在字母表的前半部分， 只有16位的姓氏在字母表的后半部分译文：因此，美国总统和副总统的姓氏分别以B和C开头，乔治布什 的前任（包括他的父亲）中，有26的姓氏在字母表的前半部分，而只 有16位的姓氏在字母表的后半部分重点： Start with从开始Vice-president 副总统2. Even more striking , six
11、 of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged （ Berlusconi, Blair , Bush , Chirac , Chretien and Koizumi）.结构: Even more striking , six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries 主are alphabetically advantaged 谓 (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush , Chir
12、ac , Chretien and Koizumi)单词：striking a.显著的不同寻常的俊秀的词组：Rich country发达国家Rich economy发达国家直译：更加不同寻常的是，G7发达国家的7个政府总统中有6个是有 字母表优势的(BBBCCK )。译文：更令人惊奇的是，七个富裕的国家的政府首脑中，有六位具有按 字母排序的优势重点： Even more striking更令人惊奇的是The world s three top central bankers ( Greespan , Duisenberg andHayami) are all close to the top
13、of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters . As are the world s five richest men ( Gates , Buffett f Allen , Ellison and Albrecht).结构： The world1 s three top central bankers (Greespan , Duisenberg and Hayami)主are 系all close to the top of the alphabet 表,让步状语从句:even if one of
14、 them 主really uses 谓Japanese characters 宾. As are the world1 s five richest men ( Gates , Buffett, Allen , Ellison and Albrecht)单词：central a.中心的中央的最重要的Character n.性格人物特征字符词组：Close to 接近Even if即使One of之一解析:Even if引导让步状语从句直译：世界三大中央银行家（GDH ）都靠近字母表的顶端，即使他们 中的一个人使用的其实是日本名字。世界最富有的五个人也一样译文：世界上3大中央银行总裁的姓氏都靠
15、在字母表的顶部，即使其中 一位用的是日本名字，世界上最富裕的5个人也是这样重点： Close to 接近Even if 即使 One of 之一Even if引导让步状语从句3. Can this merely be coincidence ? One theory f dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged , is that the rot sets in early.结构： Z/Can this merely be coincidence ? One theory 主插入语:,
16、dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged , is 系表语从句:that the rot 住sets 谓in early 状单词：Coincidence n.巧合Rot n.腐烂腐败恶化v.堕落腐烂词组：Dream up凭空想出 虚构出解析： 两个逗号之间是插入语，截断了主语和系动词that引导表语从句，做is的表语直译:这仅仅是巧合吗？ 一个理论一遭受字母表排序劣势的人在所有 的闲暇时间构想出来的是这种腐败早已经开始了译文：这仅仅是一种巧合吗？那些在字母表上处于劣势的人在闲暇时臆 想
17、造出来的一种理论认为，这种荒唐事早就存在 解析: Dream up凭空想出虚构出两个逗号之间是插入语，截断了主语和系动词 that引导表语从句，做is的表语5. At the start of the first year in infant school , teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names .结构： At the start of the first year in infant school 状,teachers 主seat 谓pupi
18、ls alphabetically from the front 宾, to make it easier to remember their names 状单词：Infant n.幼儿婴儿Pupil n.学生词组：At the start of在开始的时候Infant school 幼儿园直译：在幼儿园开始的第一年，老师按照字母表顺序从前到后给学生安 排座位，以便老师更容易的记住他们的名字 译文：在幼儿园第一个学期开始时，老师按字母顺序从前到后给学生排座位，以便更容易记住他们的名字重点： At the start of在开始的时候Infant school 幼儿园。1. Over the p
19、ast century , all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal . But one insidious form continues to thrive : alphabetism .结构： Over the past century 状,all kinds of unfairness and discrimination 主have been condemned 谓 1 （被动）or made 谓2 illegal . But one insidious form 主co
20、ntinues to i胃thrive : alphabetism 宾单词：Discrimination n.区别对待歧视Condemn vt.责备 谴责 迫使Insidious a.潜伏的 暗中为害的Thrive vi.兴旺发达茁壮成长喜欢Alphabetism n.字母表排序歧视词组：All kinds of所有种类直译：过去的整个世纪，所有类型的不公平和歧视都被人们谴责或者认 作是违法的。但是，一种隐藏的形式还在继续发展：字母表排序歧视译文：在过去的一个世纪，各种各样的不公平和歧视受到人们的谴责或 者被视为违法，但是一种隐秘的不公平和歧视却继续盛行：按字母表排 序重点： Discrimination n.区别对待歧视Condemn vt.责备谴责迫使 Insidious a.潜伏的暗中为害的Thrive vi.兴旺发达茁壮成长喜欢 Alphabetism n.字母表排序歧视