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1、【致胜中考2021】一轮复习:八下U5 词汇+语法讲解【单词默写】意思单词词性意思单词词性睡着 学生 倒下的；落下的 暴风雨 覆盖着冰的；冰冷的 沉默；缄默；无声 惊愕的；受震惊的 暴风雨 奇特的；奇怪的 恐怖主义者；恐怖分子 分离；分开 塔；塔楼 彻底地；完全地 实情；事实 在很大程度上；大量的地风不久前；最近 窗；窗户 突然；忽然 木；木头 闹钟 倚；碰；撞 地域；地区 敲打；打败 日期；日子 开始 升起；增加；提高 开玩笑；欺骗光；光线；光亮 理解；领会；认识到 火柴报道；公布 章节；段落 手电筒；火炬 【单词变形】单词三单过去式过去分词现在分词beatbeginkidrealizeri
2、sereport单词复数单词复数单词复数alarmpupiltowerarearainstormtruthdatesilencewindlightstormwindowmatchterroristwoodpassage单词比较级最高级Shocked【单词变性】asleep形容词变动词_fallen形容词变动词_icy形容词变名词_strange形容词变名词_completely副词变形容词_heavily副词变形容词_recently副词变形容词_suddenly副词变形容词_silence名词变形容词_storm名词变形容词_truth名词变形容词_wind名词变形容词_begin动词变名词
3、_【一词多义】1. against _ _ _I am not for you. Instead, Im against you.He stands against the wall.The heavy wind beat against the window.2. match _ _ _We will have a football match tomorrow.The little girl uses the match to warm herself.Match the picture on the left to the food on the right, please.3. kid
4、 _ _Are you kidding me?He is just a kid.【词汇用法】1. begin: vi./begin to do/begin doing/to begin with2. rise: vi./the sun rises/price rises/level rises近义词辨析: raise vs. riseraise: vt./raise sth./raise up/raise money/price is raisedrise: vi./sun rises/price rises/level rises3. realize: v./realize ones dre
5、am/realize that相关词辨析: realize vs. knowrealize: v./realize ones dream/realize thatknow: v./know sth./know that近义词辨析: realize vs. achieve vs. come outrealize: v./realize ones dream/realize thatachieve: v./achieve ones dream/achieve e out: v./dream come out4. beat: v./beat sb.相关词辨析: win vs. lose vs. be
6、at vs. failwin: vt. /win the prize/win the competition/win the gamelose: vt./lose to sb./be lost in sth./get lost/lose ones way/lose sth.beat: vt./beat sb.fail: vi./fail to do sth./fail in the exam5. heavily: adv./rain heavily/blow heavily同源不同义 adj./adv.hard _heavy _near _deep _wide _high _late _adv
7、.hardly _heavily _nearly _deeply _widely _highly _lately _ 6. die: vi./sb. die die的短语:die down_die out_die of_die from_近义词辨析: die vs. murder vs. killdie: vi./sb. diemurder: vt./murder sb.kill: vt./kill sb.14. truth: n./to tell the truth/the truth is【高频短语】fall asleep_fallen leaves_icy road_fall apart
8、_feel shocked_out of date_in silence_to tell the truth_to begin with_【攻占语法】时态(过去进行时)一、过去进行时的基本形式: _二、过去进行时的动词变化规则:变化规则doing例词一般情况下以e结尾以y结尾以重读闭音节结尾以ie结尾以s/x/sh/ch结尾三、过去进行时的意义:1. 过去正在发生的动作2. 过去某个阶段正在进行的状态3. 表示过去将来发生的动作(即将)多用于宾语从句中四、过去进行时的时间状语:1. 时间状语: this week, at three oclock(in the morning), at tha
9、t moment, at that time2. 场景式推断:There were lots of noises downstairs. What was happening?请在运用过去进行时的句子前打”There were many policemen around here. What _(happen)?He _(talk) on the phone, so he just nodded to me.I _(knock) on your door, but no one answered.【词汇练习】1. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when
10、 the rain began to beat heavily a _ the window.2. Dont stand a_ the leaning wall! Its dangerous.3. We will hold a yard sale to raise money for the children in the poor a_.4. He finally fell a _ when the wind was dying down at around 2:00 am.5. He b_ the other students in the singing competition yest
11、erday.6. People were c_ shocked when they heard the news that Martin Luther King was killed. 7. After the heavy rainstorm, f_ trees, broken windows and rubbish were everywhere. 8. I was waiting for the bus when it suddenly began to rain h _.9. The road is i_ on the winter morning, so you should be m
12、ore careful.10. You cant get into the storm. You are k_.11. The moon has no l _ of its own, but we can see it in the night.12. You'd better take a box of m_ for lighting the fire when going camping.13. For school p_, we have many different kinds of books which can teach you how to do better at s
13、chool. Come and have a look!14. Finally, I r_ that I had taken the strangers umbrella by mistake. 15. R _ many young people like to say “eat chicken” when they talk about a popular computer game.16. The news r _ on TV that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.17. The cost of living has r _ so much that
14、 its hard for us to afford it.18. We all know that the sun r_ in the east and goes down in the west.19. The fans were s _ to learn the death of their favorite singing star.20. He was unhappy about the results. So he went away in s _.21. He acted so differently today that everyone in my class felt s
15、_.22. An old man s _ fell down on the street and we helped him stand up at once.23. Can you tell me the t_ about what happened yesterday?24. The sunlight comes to my room through the w _ in the morning.25. He cut down some w _ for the fire to cook fish.【语法练习】1. The other day while my friends and I _
16、(eat) in the cafeteria, I saw her walking around.2. Now I understood that he was not _(joke), so I smiled and told him that Abraham Lincoln was born in 1809.3. I _(write) things on the blackboard. I moved around the classroom, I told stories. I tried humor. It was useless.4. However, another neighbo
17、r dog was quickly _(run) past our house, and our dog went after to catch him.5. He surprised me by telling me that the man I was _(sit) with was Chairman of the Board of Churchill Dowes.6. The leader of the party was _(examine) the soil near the entrance of the cave when the machine showed that ther
18、e was gold under the ground.【参考答案】意思单词词性意思单词词性睡着 asleepadj.学生 pupiln.倒下的；落下的 fallenadj.暴风雨 rainstormn.覆盖着冰的；冰冷的 icyadj.沉默；缄默；无声 silencen.惊愕的；受震惊的 shockedadj.暴风雨 stormn.奇特的；奇怪的 strangeadj.恐怖主义者；恐怖分子 terroristn.分离；分开 apartadv.塔；塔楼 towern.彻底地；完全地 completelyadv.实情；事实 truthn.在很大程度上；大量的地heavilyadv.风windn.
19、不久前；最近 recentlyadv.窗；窗户 windown.突然；忽然 suddenlyadv.木；木头 woodn.闹钟 alarmn.倚；碰；撞 againstprep.地域；地区 arean.敲打；打败 beatv.日期；日子 daten.开始 beginv.升起；增加；提高 risev.&n.开玩笑；欺骗kidv.光；光线；光亮 lightn.理解；领会；认识到 realizev.火柴matchn.报道；公布 reportv.&n.章节；段落 passagen.手电筒；火炬 flashlightn.【单词变形】单词三单过去式过去分词现在分词beatbeatsbeat
20、beatenbeatingbeginbeginsbeganbegunbeginningkidkidskiddedkiddedkiddingrealizerealizesrealizedrealizedrealizingriserisesroserisenrisingreportreportsreportedreportedreporting单词复数单词复数单词复数alarmalarmspupilpupilstowertowersareaareasrainstorm/truth/datedatessilence/windwindslightlightsstorm/windowwindowsmat
21、chmatchesterroristterroristswoodwoodspassagepassages单词比较级最高级shockedmore shockedmost shocked【单词变性】asleep形容词变动词sleepfallen形容词变动词fallicy形容词变名词icestrange形容词变名词strangercompletely副词变形容词completeheavily副词变形容词heavyrecently副词变形容词recentsuddenly副词变形容词suddensilence名词变形容词silentstorm名词变形容词stormytruth名词变形容词truewind
22、名词变形容词windybegin动词变名词beginning【一词多义】1. against 反对 倚靠 敲打 I am not for you. Instead, Im against you.He stands against the wall.The heavy wind beat against the window.2. match 比赛 火柴 匹配We will have a football match tomorrow.The little girl uses the match to warm herself.Match the picture on the left to
23、the food on the right, please.3. kid 开玩笑 小孩子 Are you kidding me?He is just a kid.5. heavily: adv./rain heavily/blow heavily同源不同义 adj./adv.hard 努力的，困难的heavy 重的near 附近的deep 深的wide 宽的high 高的late 迟的，晚的adv.hardly 几乎不heavily 重重地，大地nearly 几乎，差点儿deeply 深深地widely 广泛地highly 高度地lately 最近，近来 6. die: vi./sb. die
24、 die的短语:die down渐渐熄灭die out灭绝die of死于die from死于近义词辨析: die vs. murder vs. killdie: vi./sb. diemurder: vt./murder sb.kill: vt./kill sb.【高频短语】fall asleep入睡fallen leaves落叶icy road结冰的道路fall apart分离，分开feel shocked感到震惊out of date过时地in silence沉默地to tell the truth说出真相, 说实话to begin with以开始【攻占语法】时态(过去进行时)一、过去进
25、行时的基本形式: was/were doing二、过去进行时的动词变化规则:变化规则doing例词一般情况下+ingwalk work以e结尾去e+ingtake以重读闭音节结尾双写末尾字母+ingswim以ie结尾把ie改成y 再加inglie die三、过去进行时的意义:1. 过去正在发生的动作2. 过去某个阶段正在进行的状态3. 表示过去将来发生的动作(即将)多用于宾语从句中四、过去进行时的时间状语:1. 时间状语: this week, at three oclock(in the morning), at that moment, at that time2. 场景式推断:There
26、 were lots of noises downstairs. What was happening?请在运用过去进行时的句子前打”There were many policemen around here. What _(happen)?He _(talk) on the phone, so he just nodded to me.I _(knock) on your door, but no one answered.【词汇练习】Against against areas asleep beat completely fallen heavily icy kidding lights
27、matches picnic realized Recently reported risen rises shocked silence shocked suddenly truth window woods【语法练习】1. were eating 做谓语 while+过去进行时，表示当时正在发生2. Joking 做谓语 与was合在一起做谓语，为过去进行时3. Wrote 做谓语 句中为一般过去时4. Running 做谓语 与was合在一起做谓语 为过去进行时5. Sitting 做谓语 与was合在一起做谓语，表示过去进行时6. Examining 做谓语 与was合在一起做谓语，为过去进行时