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1、【致胜中考2021】一轮复习:八上U5 词汇+语法讲解【单词默写】意思单词词性意思单词词性普通的，常见的文化，文明教育的，有教育意义的毫无意义的，意思不明确的著名的，出名的电影主要的，最重要的女朋友讨论，商量笑话，玩笑愿意的，准备好的新闻节目，新闻富有的原因，理由简单的，易做的情景喜剧获得成功的，有成就的肥皂剧不幸的，不吉利的出现也许，可能，可以开始变得，变成可能，可以预料，期待行动发生，出现陆军，陆军部队失去，丢失动画片，卡通片忍受，站立人物，角色希望喜剧，喜剧片打算，计划【单词变形】单词三单过去式过去分词现在分词appearbecomeexpecthappenlosestandhopepl
2、an单词复数单词复数单词复数actionculturefilmarmysoap operagirlfriendcartoonreasonjokecharactersitcomnewscomedydiscussion单词比较级最高级单词比较级最高级educationalsimplefamoussuccessfulrich【单词变性】educational形容词变名词_famous形容词变名词_main形容词变副词_discussion名词变动词_successful形容词变副词_simple形容词变副词_culture名词变形容词_meaningless形容词变名词_reason名词变形容词_a
3、ppear动词变名词_expect动词变名词_【一词多义】1. lose _ _ _ _I lost my watch yesterty.My team lost to his team in yesterdays basketball competition.I lost my way in the forest.The book is so interesting that I am lost in it.2. hope _ _Thank Hope Project for helping the poor village to build a primary school.I hope t
4、hat everything will be fine.3. plan _ _Mary plans to fly to New York, but its too expensive.Mary has many plans at the beginning of the year.4. stand _ _When answering questions, we will stand up.I cant stand staying at home all day. Its too boring.【词汇用法】1. famous: adj./be famous for/be famous to sp
5、./be famous as/be famous in sp.近义词辨析: famous vs. knownFamous: adj./be famous for/be famous to sp./be famous as/be famous in sp.Known: adj./be known for/be known to sp./be known as/be known in sp./be well-known2. expect: v./expect sb. to do sth./be expected to do sth./as expected近义词辨析: expect vs. sup
6、pose vs. shouldexpect: v./expect sb. to do sth./be expected to do sth./as expectedsuppose: v./be supposed to doshould: modal v./should do近义词辨析: expect vs. wish vs. hopeexpect: v./expect sb. to do sth./be expected to do sth./as expectedwish: v./wish sb. to do sth./wish that/wish sb. sth.hope: v./hope
7、 to do/hope that3. happen: vi./sth. happen to sb./happen to do 近义词辨析: happen vs. take placehappen: vi./sth. happen to sb./happen to dotake place: vi./sth take place.4. lose: lose to sb./be lost in sth./get lost/lose ones way/lose sth.相关词辨析: win vs. lose vs. beat vs. failwin: vt. /win the prize/win t
8、he competition/win the gamelose: vt./lose to sb./be lost in sth./get lost/lose ones way/lose sth.beat: vt./beat sb.fail: vi./fail to do sth./fail in the exam【高频短语】have sth. in common_be famous for_be famous in_be famous to_be famous as_main idea_be ready to do_be ready for_make jokes on sb. _for the
9、 reason that_appear to be_happen to do_lose oneself in_be lost in_get lost_lose ones way_【攻占语法】动词(非谓语)一、非谓语的基本形式: _ _ _ _二、非谓语在句中的位置及成分:1. 在从句中做主语: _ _ 2. 在从句中做宾语: _ _ 3. 在从句中做补足语: _ _ _三、非谓语的用法:1. 固定搭配分类意思搭配have +n. in doing sth.在做某事方面很开心have +n. in doing sth.在做某事方面有兴趣have +n. in doing sth.在做某事方面有困
10、难have +n. in doing sth.在做某事方面很开心have +n. in doing sth.在做某事方面有问题have +n. in doing sth.在做某事方面有麻烦v.+(sb.)to do/doing允许某人做某事/允许做某事v.+(sb.)to do/doing认为某人做某事/考虑做某事v.+(sb.)to do/doing继续做某事(另一件事)/(同一件事)v.+(sb.)to do/doing忘记去做某事(未做)/(已做)v.+(sb.)to do/doing继续做某事(另一件事)/(同一件事)v.+(sb.)to do/doing讨厌做(一次)/(一直)v.+
11、(sb.)to do/doing喜欢/不喜欢做(一次)/(一直)v.+(sb.)to do/doing打算去做某事/打算做某事v.+(sb.)to do/doing遗憾(后悔)去做某事(未做)/(已做)v.+(sb.)to do/doing记得去做某事(未做)/(已做)v.+(sb.)to do/doing停止去做某事(未做)/(已做)v.+(sb.)to do/doing努力做/尝试做v.+do sth.最好做某事v.+do sth.宁愿做A而不愿做Bv.+do sth.宁愿做某事v.+doing sth.欣赏做某事v.+doing sth.避免做某事v.+doing sth.享受做某事v.
12、+doing sth.完成做某事v.+doing sth.做某事怎么样v.+doing sth.想象做某事v.+doing sth.一直做某事v.+doing sth.阻止某人/某物做某事v.+doing sth.介意做某事v.+doing sth.练习做某事v.+doing sth.比起做B更喜欢做Av.+doing sth.阻止某人/某物做某事v.+doing sth.保护某人/某物不做某事v.+doing sth.花费时间/金钱做某事v.+doing sth.忍受做某事v.+doing sth.阻止某人/某物做某事v.+doing sth.成功做某事v.+doing sth.建议做某事v
13、.+sb.+do让某人做某事v.+sb.+do让某人做某事v.+sb.+do让某人做某事v.+sb.+do/doing sth.听到某人经常做/一直(正在)做某事v.+sb.+do/doing sth.注意到某人经常做/一直(正在)做某事v.+sb.+do/doing sth.看到某人经常做/一直(正在)做某事v.+sb.+do/doing sth.观察到某人经常做/一直(正在)做某事v.+to do负担得起(不)去做某事v.+to do同意(不)去做某事v.+to do叫某人(不)去做某事v.+to do尝试(不)去做某事v.+to do应该(不)去做某事v.+to do决定(不)去做某事v
14、.+to do鼓励(某人)(不)去做某事v.+to do期望(某人)(不)去做某事v.+to do未能成功做某事v.+to do让某人(不)做某事v.+to do碰巧去做某事v.+to do希望(不)去做某事v.+to do尝试(成功)(不)去做某事v.+to do更喜欢(不)去做某事v.+to do假装(不)去做某事v.+to do拒绝去做某事v.+to do让某人(不)去做某事v.+to do想要(某人)(不)去做某事v.+to do警告某人(不)去做某事v.+to do希望(某人)(不)去做某事2. 固定句型1) It is +adj. for sb. to do sth.2) It i
15、s +adj. of sb. to do sth.3) sb. find/feel/think it +adj. to do sth.4) 句子 with sth. done5) 句子 with sb. doing6) It takes sb. st. to do sth.3. 非谓语的意思1) 表目的: _2) 表伴随: _3) 表被动: _【词汇练习】1. Jackie Chan is a great a _ movie star. 2. My uncle joined the a _ ten years ago to protect our country.3. My classmate
16、s and I had a d _ about free time activities in class this morning.4. The Chinese swimmer Fu Yuanhui first a _ in Rio 2016 and soon became a popular star.5. She b _ worried when she heard that her son was badly ill.6. Can you think of another c _ character that is as famous as Mickey?7. Mickey Mouse
17、 is one of my favorite cartoon c _ among the Disney cartoon movies.8. For c _ people dreamed of going into space and it came true after the invention of rockets.9. A bite of China is a program on CCTV introducing food c _of China.10. I like documentaries very much because it is e_ and I can learn a
18、lot from it.11. Most parents e _ much of their children. They want their children to be successful. 12. China is f _ for its long history and wonders.13. Many people think Wang Baoqiangs movie “Lost in Thailand”(泰囧) is great f _, but some people think it is kind of boring.14. I am sorry to say that
19、a terrible accident(事故) h_ to Jack last night, so he can't come today.15. Our math teacher is humorous and often tells us funny j _. 16. Its easy to get l _ in the forest. You need to take some tools with you like a compass.17. Rice is the m_ food in this area. People here eat it almost every da
20、y.18. We havent had the n _ of him for a long time so were all worried about him.19. I really can't stand soap o_, the stories are usually made up.20. How are you going to be a writer? I am p _ to keep on writing stories and doing some reading every day.21. I put on my uniform. Im r _ to start w
21、ork now.22. The teacher asked all of us to write down p _ for the winter vacation.23. Can you think of other r _ why the film Zhan Lang is so hot?24. Parents should encourage teenagers to do s _ work for their community.25. Sue loves music, but she can't s _ listening to the noisy music.26. The
22、man behind Mickey was Walt Disney. He became very rich and s _.27. Thirteen is often thought to be an u _ number in some countries.28. U _, he lost his house and his girlfriend in the earthquake.29. If something is done s _, it is done in a way that no one will be hurt.30. I didnt get good grades. O
23、ne of the main r _ is that I didnt prepare for the exams.【语法练习】1. Since then, he has had one goal _(tell) people the importance of rainforests.2. They are good for the forests, as each one plays a role in _(keep) the rainforests healthy.3. Then, I realized yoga was really helpful to him. The transit
24、ion taught him how _(make) a great change in life.4. Im really looking forward to _(take) part in it. This party is going to be fun!5. The WWF warns leaders at every level that they must work together _(protect) the planet.6. The data _(provide) by the WWF are frightening, but all hope is not lost.7
25、. Middle school is a transition(过渡) for you, and it can be a special experience of your whole life. It can also be difficult for you to face certain problems _(connect) with middle school life.8. Remember that you still have a lot of things _(do), and dont give yourself more pressure than you alread
26、y have.9. At this time, there are no better ideas than _(ask) others for help, such as your teachers or parents, even the police.10. “This shows its important _(learn) a special skill,” he said.11. The important thing is that we should be brave enough _(face) them.12. He told China Daily that he was
27、 hopeful about the ability of Chinas movie industry but it would still take us a long time _(catch) up with Hollywood.13. I plan _(keep) a diary every day.14. Since then, my new friends and I have protected the earth by _(do) some small things.15. People who are thrown out from a car are four times
28、more likely to _(kill) than those who stay inside. 16. _(protect) the strongest part of the body. Seat belts are designed to fix your body at its strongest parts. For an older child and adult, these parts are the hips and shoulders. To spread out the force in an accident. Seat belts spread the force
29、 of the accident over a wide area of the body.17. One professional Italian team was so impressed that they offered him $57,500 _(play) for them.18. During the free hours, some of the teenagers learn photo taking or _(paint).19. He contacted University officials _(tell) about the possibility of retur
30、ning the book. 20. This doesn't mean its impossible _(change) your personality.21. Finnish schools will go on _(teach) normal subjects, just like schools in China, in the future. But children will also learn other topics, such as the European Union community and climate change, or 100 years of F
31、inlands independence.22. In 2012, Yousafzai was nearly killed by the Taliban because she worked hard _(get) the same education for your girls in Pakistan.23. However, when her mother asks her what happens to her, she just says she feels like _(cry).24. The first signs of it in teens are poorer schoo
32、l reports than before, then learning difficulties and _(stay) away from classmates and teachers.25. Seeing their smiling faces and hearing their warm song, I couldn't help _(cry).26. One such test was carried out in 1987. It was published in European Journal of Physics magazine _(tell) people th
33、at if the distance is short enough, running gets a person less wet than walking. But running only keeps you about 10% drier.27. I tell people to keep on _(get) up when they fall down and always love themselves.28. Im listening to a band _(call) “The Toms”.29. The only started _(sing) earlier this ye
34、ar. But theyve already made two CDs.30. Have you ever lost yourself, especially when an accident happens? Maybe it is not always easy _(discover) yourself.31. I spent 24 hours a week _(develop) my skills.32. Maybe I can even encourage you _(go) for a swim.33. Theres nothing better than _(jump) into
35、the water on a hot summer day.34. Every time the holiday drew closer, I couldn't wait _(go) to the French countryside with my parents.35. The most important way _(manage) your time is to set priorities(优先考虑的事).36. It took years of work _(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.37. O
36、ne morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _(be) late for school.38. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _(stop) until we reached the next stop.39. In the beginning, there was only a very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a lit
37、tle, always _(think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.40. They spent nearly all their lives _(try) to collect words for their dictionaries.41. _(smoke) not only does harm to their health, but to others. Besides, about 10% of air pollution is caused
38、 by other reasons. 42. Torontos Rogers Centre is the perfect place for _(watch) a baseball or an ice hockey game.43. Since my family did not have much money, I knew I would never be able _(buy) a great dress for the school dance.44. He used _(run) 60 kilometers every week.45. Christopher was a 7-yea
39、r-old boy who was very sick. He always dreamed of _(become) a pilot to fly in the sky.46. People today are always thinking about the time. There never seems _(be) enough time to do all the things we want to do.47. If you take 60 minutes, you get one hour. The hands of the clock go all the way around
40、 in 24 hours, _(give) us one day.48. They tell you how _(take) care of the clothes.49. Being a pioneer in MOOCs, Mr. Wei hopes that the courses could help students _(learn) independently.50. Since my family did not have much money, I knew I would never be able to buy a great dress for the school dance. That did not stop me from _(dream), however.51. If you use the camera on your smart phone to take a photo of a special icon(图标)