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1、【致胜中考2021】一轮复习:八下U1 词汇+语法讲解【单词默写】意思单词词性意思单词词性生病的；有病的岩石疼痛的；酸痛的情况；状况晒伤的勇气；意志离开（某处）；不工作；从去掉（交通）事故；意外遭遇胃；腹部胃痛；腹痛绷带咽喉；喉咙血牙痛间歇；休息问题；苦恼登山者；攀登者X射线；X光死亡；死限制；约束；管理决定；抉择咳嗽发烧危险；风险；冒险脚；足向；朝头痛她自己重要性；重要我们自己千克；公斤用绷带包扎膝盖；膝呼吸刀击；打事情，事件(使)疼痛；受伤颈；脖子躺；平躺鼻出血意思是；打算；意欲护士放松；休息乘客；旅客【单词变形】单词三单过去式过去分词现在分词bandagebreathehithurtli
2、emeanrestcontrolcoughrisk单词复数单词复数单词复数stomachimportancerockbandagekilosituationbloodkneespiritbreakknifeaccidentclimbermatterstomachachedeathneckthroatdecisionnosebleedtoothachefevernursetroublefootpassengerheadache【单词变性】sick形容词变名词_climber名词变动词_death名词变形容词_decision名词变动词_importance名词变形容词_spirit名词变形容词_
3、accident名词变形容词_breathe动词变名词_mean动词变名词_【一词多义】1. off _ _ _ _On National Day, we have a week off, so we plan to travel to somewhere interesting.As soon as he went into the room, he took his coat off his shoulder.The superstar has been off for an hour. However, the fans are still there.The clothes are s
4、old 20% off today. Lets go and buy some.以off结尾动词词组break off _clean off_cut off_get off_give off_go off_turn off_take off_shut off_set off_see sb. off_put off_2. break _ _Its 12:00. Lets take a break.Who broke the vase?break 的短语:break in_break out_break up_break off_break down_3. matter _ _ _Whats th
5、e matter with you?It doesn't matter.It somehow matters that you should get into a good university.4. risk _ _Austin risks his life in a dangerous situation.Austin takes a risk to climb the Qomolangma.5. hurt _ _ _The little boy hurt himself because he fell off his bike.Mary got badly hurt after
6、the car accident.My finger is hurt because I carelessly cut myself.6. lie _ _ _ _The fat boy always lies in bed as soon as he finishes eating.Hangzhou lies in the north of Zhejiang.He is not an honest boy because he often tells lies.When he is late for school, he lies to his teacher.7. mean _ _I mea
7、n that we can bring a birthday cake for Jane.I don't mean to hurt him.8. rest _ _Some students are playing football on the playground while the rest of them are playing volleyball.We will take a rest between classes.【词汇用法】1. matter: whats the matter?/It matters./It doesn't matter.2. 身体部位头嘴巴喉
8、咙眼睛脸肩膀鼻子脖子手臂耳朵牙齿手肚子腿胃脚膝盖3. sore: adj./a sore back近义词辨析:sore: adj./a sore backhurt: adj./my back is hurt./v./my back hurts.-ache: headache/backache/stomachachepain: n./a pain in my back4. hurt: v./The knife may hurt your finger./My back is hurt by the big stone./My back hurts badly./adj./My back is b
9、adly hurt.近义词辨析:sore: adj./a sore backhurt: adj./my back is hurt./v./my back hurts.-ache: headache/backache/stomachachepain: n./a pain in my back【高频短语】take a break_make a decision_have a fever_on foot_make trouble_in trouble_have trouble (in) doing sth._by accident _in control_out of control_take a
10、risk_breathe in_breathe out_get hurt_hit sb. on the back_hit sb. in the face_take a rest_mean to do_mean doing_【攻占语法】情景对话一、表建议的表达:1. 情态动词(can/could)2. 情态动词(should)3. Youd better do4. Why not do5. Why dont you do6. What about doing7. How about doing二、表感谢的表达:1. Thank you2. Thanks for your help3. Youre
11、 welcome.4. Its my pleasure.三、表邀请的表达:1. Would you like/love to 2. Id like/love to3. Im sorry, but四、表介意的表达:1. Would you mind (sb.) doing sth.2. No, please.3. Yes, +reasons4. Im sorry, but5. not a bit.6. not really【词汇练习】1. There was an a _ in the street just now. A car hit an old man.2. He cut himself
12、 in the kitchen. Give him a b _, please.3. Jack lost a lot of b _ in the accident and we sent him to the hospital at once.4. Lisa played computer games all weekend. She really needs to take b _ away from the computer.5. When they stood at the top of the high mountain, they felt it hard to b _.6. He
13、is one of the most famous c _ who got on the Qomolangma.7. Tom c _ his anger and didnt lose his temper, though he was very angry.8. I had a cold last week and c _ badly, so I had to go to the doctor's.9. Mary is very sad because of the d _ of her dog. She has kept it for five years.10. Before we
14、 make a d_, we must think twice or we may communicate with our parents.11. Little Tom caught a high f _. His body temperature was as high as 3912. He usually goes to school on f _.13. I have a cold. My nose runs a lot and I have a bad h _.14. Joan looked at h _ in the mirror. She thought she was no
15、longer young.15. Please look carefully while crossing the street, or you may get h _16. His left knee was h _ in a traffic accident and the doctor advised him not to play soccer.17. She decides to study harder after she realized the i _ of learning English. 18. Today my mother brought two k _ of egg
16、s from the supermarket.19. The boy hurt both of his k _ when playing basketball.20. In western countries, you should put your k _ and forks down on the plates if youve finished eating.21. The ship has l _ at the bottom of the ocean for two hundred years.22. He was tired. So he l _ down on the sofa a
17、nd soon fell asleep. 23. When I got home, I found my mother l _ on her bed, feeling much pain in her head.24. My teachers always help us with schoolwork no m _ how tired they are.25. I started to understand what he m _.26. Giraffes can reach the leaves on the tree because of their long n _.27. My si
18、ster is a n _ and she works in the first people's hospital.28. Mr. Green got o _ the bus and then left the station for the taxi in a hurry.29. Health is the most important thing in the world, we must take good care of o _. 30. All the p _ are asked to get aboard right now as the plane is taking
19、off.31. Mom, I feel tired after a day's work. Why not stop to have a r _?32. I dont want to take the r_ of leaving Peter alone at home because he is only 2 years old.33. Teenagers should learn how to protect themselves in a dangerous s _.34. She was a very brave girl and everyone who knew her ad
20、mired(钦佩) her s _.35. Tom ate too much for dinner, so he had a s _ and went to a doctor last night.36. I had a sore t _ and I cant speak loudly.37. Annie has a t_, and she is going to see her dentist today.38. That student sometimes t_ the teacher with hard questions.39. Jack has t _ remembering Eng
21、lish words, so he asks his teacher for help.40. The manager gave the workers the day o _, so they could relax themselves.【语法练习】1. Would you mind watching the children, just for a second?_A. Sure, go ahead.B. Of course not, dear!C. Oh, dont you like children?D. Yeah, I hope so.2. Sam, would you mind
22、if I copied the document?_.A. Of course not, go ahead B. Yes, pleaseC. Of course, do as you like D. Youre welcome3. Would you mind turning the radio down?_.Which answer is not right?A. Sure not, go aheadB. No, not at allC. Yes, I don't mindD. Sorry, I'll do it right away.4. Thank you for the
23、 delicious dinner._.A. Dont say thatB. It doesnt matterC. You are so kindD. Im glad you enjoyed it5. We plan to go out for a picnic next weekend. Would you like to come along?_. Its my favorite.A. Enjoy yourselfB. It dependsC. Up to youD. That would be very nice.6. Im too stressed out these days. Co
24、uld you give me some advice?_. Tell me all about it and Ill do what I can. A. Never mindB. No wayC. No problemD. Forget it7. Would you like some more noodles?No, thanks. I _.A. dont want toB. cant eatC. am not hungryD. Im full8. Do you want to see a movie tonight?_. Sure.A. Go ahead.B. Help yourself
25、C. Me, tooD. What a good idea9. So we have finally met! Why not sit down and have a cup of coffee?_.A. Sounds great!B. Its a pleasure to meet you!C. Ive been hoping to meet you for a long time.D. Id like you to meet my friend John Hopkins.【参考答案】意思单词词性意思单词词性生病的；有病的sickadj.岩石rockn.疼痛的；酸痛的soreadj.情况；状况
26、situationn.晒伤的sunburnedadj.勇气；意志spiritn.离开（某处）；不工作；从去掉offadv.&prep.（交通）事故；意外遭遇accidentn.胃；腹部stomachn.胃痛；腹痛stomachachen.绷带bandagen.咽喉；喉咙throatn.血bloodn.牙痛toothachen.间歇；休息breakn.问题；苦恼troublen.登山者；攀登者climbern.X射线；X光X-rayn.死亡；死deathn.限制；约束；管理controln.&v.决定；抉择decisionn.咳嗽coughn.&v.发烧fevern.危险
27、；风险；冒险riskn.&v.脚；足footn.向；朝ontoprep.头痛headachen.她自己herselfpron.重要性；重要importancen.我们自己ourselvespron.千克；公斤kilon.用绷带包扎bandagev.膝盖；膝kneen.呼吸breathev.刀knifen.击；打hitv.事情，事件mattern.(使)疼痛；受伤hurtv.颈；脖子neckn.躺；平躺liev.鼻出血nosebleedn.意思是；打算；意欲meanv.护士nursen.放松；休息restv.&n.乘客；旅客passengern.【单词变形】单词三单过去式过去分词
28、现在分词bandagebandagesbandagedbandagedbandangingbreathebreathesbreathedbreathedbreathinghithitshithithittinghurthurtshurthurthurtinglielieslied/laylied/lainlyingmeanmeansmeantmeantmeaningrestrestsrestedrestedrestingcontrolcontrolscontrolledcontrolledcontrollingcoughcoughscoughedcoughedcoughingriskrisks
29、riskedriskedrisking单词复数单词复数单词复数stomachstomachesimportance/rockrocksbandagebandageskilokiloessituationsituationsblood/kneekneesspiritspiritsbreakbreaksknifeknivesaccidentaccidentsclimberclimbersmattermattersstomachache/deathdeathsnecknecksthroatthroatsdecisiondecisionsnosebleed/toothache/fever/nursen
30、ursestroubletroublesfootfeetpassengerpassengersheadache/【单词变性】sick形容词变名词sicknessclimber名词变动词climbdeath名词变形容词deaddecision名词变动词decideimportance名词变形容词importantspirit名词变形容词spiritualaccident名词变形容词accidentalbreathe动词变名词breathmean动词变名词meaning【一词多义】1. off 休息，不工作 从上掉下来 离开 打折On National Day, we have a week of
31、f, so we plan to travel to somewhere interesting.As soon as he went into the room, he took his coat off his shoulder.The superstar has been off for an hour. However, the fans are still there.The clothes are sold 20% off today. Lets go and buy some.以off结尾动词词组break off 中止，中断clean off打扫干净cut off切断get o
32、ff下车give off释放(气体)go off(闹铃)响了turn off关掉take off脱衣服，起飞shut off关闭set off出发see sb. off送行put off推迟2. break 休息 打破Its 12:00. Lets take a break.Who broke the vase?break 的短语:break in破门而入break out爆发break up关系破裂break off中止，中断break down抛锚3. matter 问题 关系 重要 Whats the matter with you?It doesn't matter.It so
33、mehow matters that you should get into a good university.4. risk 冒险 冒险 Austin risks his life in a dangerous situation.Austin takes a risk to climb the Qomolangma.5. hurt 伤害 受伤 疼痛The little boy hurt himself because he fell off his bike.Mary got badly hurt after the car accident.My finger is hurt beca
34、use I carelessly cut myself.6. lie 躺 坐落 谎话 说谎The fat boy always lies in bed as soon as he finishes eating.Hangzhou lies in the north of Zhejiang.He is not an honest boy because he often tells lies.When he is late for school, he lies to his teacher.7. mean 意思是 打算 I mean that we can bring a birthday c
35、ake for Jane.I don't mean to hurt him.8. rest 剩余的 休息Some students are playing football on the playground while the rest of them are playing volleyball.We will take a rest between classes.【词汇用法】2. 身体部位头head嘴巴mouth喉咙throat眼睛eye脸face肩膀shoulder鼻子nosse脖子neck手臂arm耳朵ear牙齿tooth手hand肚子belly腿leg胃stomach脚f
36、oot膝盖knee【高频短语】take a break休息一下make a decision做决定have a fever发烧on foot走路make trouble制造麻烦in trouble处于麻烦中have trouble (in) doing sth.在方面有麻烦by accident 偶然地in control处于控制中out of control不受控制take a risk冒险breathe in呼进breathe out呼出get hurt受伤hit sb. on the back打在某人的背上hit sb. in the face打在某人的脸上take a rest休息一下
37、mean to do打算做某事mean doing意思是【词汇练习】Accident bandage blood breaks breathe climbers controlled coughed death decision fever foot headache herself hit hurt importance kilos knees knives lain lay lying matter mattered nek nurse off ourselves passengers rest risks situation spirit stomachache throat toothache troubles trouble off【语法练习】BCABD CCDA