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1、【致胜中考2021】一轮复习:八下U2 词汇+语法讲解【单词默写】意思单词词性意思单词词性瞎的；失明的标志；信号破损的；残缺的训练；培训聪明的；聪颖的志愿者聋的车轮；轮子先生（用于正式信函中对不知名的男性收信人的称呼时，写为Sir)夫人；女士（用于正式信函中对不知名的女性收信人的称呼时，写为Madam)激动的；兴奋的丧失能力的；残疾的孤独的；寂寞的几个；数个；一些强烈的；强壮的拿；提；扛独自，单独欢呼，喝彩困难；难题修理；安装门想象；设想感觉；感触使感兴趣；使关注兴趣；关注注意到；意识到（尤指长途）旅行；行程开；打开高兴；愉快募集；征集仁慈；善良修理；修补信；函训练；培训女士；小姐理解；领会通
2、知；通告；注意义务做；自愿做；物主；主人变化；改变满足；满意【单词变形】单词三单过去式过去分词现在分词carrycheerfiximagineinterestnoticeopenraiserepairtrainunderstandvolunteer change单词复数单词复数单词复数difficultynoticesigndoorownertrainingfeelingsatisfactionvolunteer interestkindnesswheeljourneylettermadamjoy单词比较级最高级单词比较级最高级cleverexcitedstronglonely【单词变性】bl
3、ind形容词变名词_broken形容词变动词_excited形容词变动词_strong形容词变名词_difficulty名词变形容词_feeling名词变动词_kindness名词变形容词_owner名词变动词_satisfaction名词变动词_training名词变动词_disabled形容词变动词_imagine动词变名词_cheer动词变形容词_change名词变形容词_【一词多义】1. raise _ _ _The soldiers raise the flag every morning.The Red Cross raises money and other things for
4、 the poor.You raised me up.2. interest _ _Mary has great interest in learning English.English and Maths interest me very much.3. letter _ _Mary wrote a letter to her best friend about where they will travel on vacation.A is the first letter in alphabet.4. notice _ _Look, here is a notice, saying ”no
5、body at home today.”Someone noticed the thief running toward the west.5. open _ _Open the door, please.The door has been open for ten minutes.6. train _ _We went to Guilin by train.The dog was trained to be a guide for the blind.7. volunteer _ _In my spare time, I work as a volunteer.I volunteer to
6、help the old in Old Peoples House.【词汇用法】1. lonely: adj./feel lonely/a lonely person近义词辨析: lonely vs. alonelonely: adj./feel lonely/a lonely personalone: adj./be alone/adv./live alone/work alone2. difficulty: n./have difficulty (in) doing sth.3. feeling: n./a feeling of satisfaction近义词辨析: feeling vs.
7、 sensefeeling: n./a feeling of satisfaction/a feeling of hungersense: n./a sense of direction/sixth sense4. fix: v./fix sth./fix up sth./fix ones eyes on sth.5. open v./open a door/a shop opens/open up/adj./be open相关词辨析: open vs. closeopen v./open a door/a shop opens/open up/adj./be openclose: v./cl
8、ose the door/adj./be close to/ be closed近义词辨析: turn on vs. openturn on: 打开电器open: 打开门6. raise: vt./raise sth./raise up/raise money/price is raised/raise ones hands近义词辨析: raise vs. riseraise: vt./raise sth./raise up/raise money/price is raised/raise ones handsrise: vi./sun rises/price rises/level ris
9、es7. imagine: v./imagine doing sth./imgine life without water.8. notice: v./notice sb. sth./notice sb. do/doing sth.类似词: see vs. hear vs. watchwatch: watch sth./watch sb. do/doing sth./watch outsee: see sb. do/doing sth./see sb. offhear: hear sb. do/doing sth./hear of sb./hear about sth./hear from s
10、b.【高频短语】be excited about_feel lonely_live alone_have difficulties in doing sth. _a feeling of satisfaction_have an interest in doing sth._the owner of _as a volunteer_carry on_cheer up_fix up_open up_raise up_【攻占语法】动词(动词词组一) 1. 以up结尾的动词词组动词词组意思动词词组意思(关系)破裂(开心)跳起来抚养长大与并驾齐驱强健(体魄)向上看，仰视某人，查字典号召，打电话组成，编
11、造，伪装赶上某人打包喝彩捡起，接某人，理解打扫干净举起，挂起，张贴，留宿某人清除干净举起上来成立，建立提出，想出出现，露面切碎站立盛装熬夜吃完从事，占据以结束想出修理向上调，出现，露面起床 站立用完，用尽放弃叫醒某人，醒来向上走，(价格)上涨阻碍，举起长大赶紧，赶快2. 以out 结尾的动词词组动词词组意思动词词组意思吹灭出去闲逛爆发帮助某人摆脱困境带出来遗漏退房向外看，小心清扫出去挑选出清除出去出去玩取消灭火出去吃跑出去，用完找出冲出去，表示情绪激动出去卖出去分发出发出去拿出去分发证明是，原来是向外看，小心走出去解决出3. 以off结尾的动词词组动词词组意思动词词组意思中止，中断踢掉清扫干净
12、推断切除送行下车出发释放(光，热)关闭(闹铃)响脱掉(衣服), (飞机)起飞休息关掉4. 以in/into结尾的动词词组动词词组意思动词词组意思破门而入屈服引进引进进来看进插入，插话放进把A分成B吸入，吸收进入把A翻译成B上交【词汇练习】1. I was a _ in the classroom. Everyone else was playing outside.2. How would you explain the word “color” to a b _person?3. Jimmy fixed up the b _ bikes and then gave them away to
13、other kids.4. Great c _ have taken place in my hometown. Tall buildings and wide streets are here and there.5. I'd like to thank you for c _ my life and I feel quite happy and satisfied now.6. Miss Green looks sad because of the bad news. Lets c_ her up.7. Edison was so c _ that he invented a lo
14、t of things. 8. You dont need to speak so loudly, Im not d _. I can hear you.9. I can help you if you have any d _ in learning the English grammar.10. I was really e _ about the news that I won the first prize in the School English Speech Competition yesterday11. I have strong f _ that she wouldnt c
15、ome to the party today.12. My computer is broken. He is f _ it up for me now.13. You cant i _ how greatly he has changed! He is so fat now.14. If you have an i _ in something, you will want to learn more about it.15. It seems the children go on a different j_ with each new story.16. I will never for
16、get your k _ for helping me out of the trouble.17. The writer received many l _ from his readers and he read all of them.18. I feel l _ because my classmates all went on a school trip.19. Lily didnt come to school today but nobody n _ her absence from school.20. Im putting up some n _ on the wall to
17、 look for volunteers.21. Supermarkets like 7-11 and family mart are always o _ late at night.22. Travelling really o _ up your eyes to other cultures.23. I felt satisfied when I saw the look of joy on the dogs o _ faces.24. We are going to r _ some money for the sick children in the Childrens Hospit
18、al.25. If you know the answers, you can r _ your hands.26. Something is wrong with my computer. Can you help me r _ it?27. I get such a strong feeling of s _ when I see the animals get better.28. I still saw s _ students in the classroom. Im afraid they might be late for PE class.29. As we drove nea
19、r the town, there were a lot of road s _ to show the way to the temple.30. There will be a s _ wind this evening. You should keep your windows closed.31. She talked to Animal Helpers about getting me a special t _ dog.32. Thanks to my deskmates help, I finally u_ what the teacher taught us last clas
20、s.33. Last week, he v _ at an after-school study program. He helped the kids read some interesting books.34. W _ are like the feet of a car. The car cannot run without them.35. She r _ from her seat and kissed the child goodnight. 【语法练习】1. I have to well prepared for the math test tomorrow because i
21、t _ 30% of the final exam. A. sets up B. puts up C. uses up D. makes up 2. When you dont know a word, you can _ in the dictionary. A. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up 3. The teacher asked the students to _ a story about a trip to the moon. A. get up B. turn up C. clean up D. make
22、up 4. It seems that this English test is crucial. Of course, dont you know it _ 20% of the final exam? A. makes up B. looks up C. gives up D. puts up 5. Joes sister had wanted very much to be a pop singer, but she_ as a newspaper reporter. A. cleaned up B. looked up C. ended up D. made up 6. Enough
23、sleep is good for health. If you_ for your favorite TV programs, you will feel sleepy in class next day. A. think up B. set up C. stay up D. pick up 7. _, Mandy. Everything will get better soon. A. Cheer up B. Mix up C. Clean up D. Stand up 8. Who do you admire? My uncle. He_ his own company when he
24、 was only 18 years old. A. stood up B. picked up C. set up D. grew up 9. Eton College in England was_ in 110 by King Henry VI to give free education to poor students. A. cleaned up B. set up C. fixed up D. cheered up 10. My grandma_ a club with her friends to learn Shaoxing Opera after she retired.
25、A. set up B. put up C. made up D. used up 11. Orange can bring you success and_ when you are feeling sad. A. put you up B. cheer you up C. bring you up D. pick you up12. Warm clothes can help us used _ the cold in winter. A. keep out B. give out C. put out D. take out 13. Do you have the new iPad? S
26、orry, they have been_. You may come next week. A. given out B. looked out C. come out D. sold out 14. They didnt prepare the speech contest like that, but it_ very well. A. kept out B. gave out C. left out D. worked out 15. Jim, a fishermans son, _ after eating three big bowls of porridge and headed
27、 for the sea hoping that he could catch fishes. A. gave out B. found out C. set out D. handed out 16. Before_ on our camping trip, we made sure that we had plenty of food and water in store. A. setting out B. making out C. running out D. working out 17. He jumped to his feet, thinking that the plane
28、s were going to _. A. take off B. keep off C. get off D. turn off 18. Will the sports meeting be_? yes. Because the weather was not so good tomorrow, we have to hold it next Friday. A. called off B. put off C. broken off D. taken off 19. This meeting has to be_ because of the weather. A. set off B.
29、put off C. given off D. taken off 【参考答案】意思单词词性意思单词词性瞎的；失明的blindadj.标志；信号signn.破损的；残缺的brokenadj.训练；培训trainingn.聪明的；聪颖的cleveradj.志愿者volunteer n.聋的deafadj.车轮；轮子wheeln.先生（用于正式信函中对不知名的男性收信人的称呼时，写为Sir)sirn. 夫人；女士（用于正式信函中对不知名的女性收信人的称呼时，写为Madam)madamn. 激动的；兴奋的excitedadj.丧失能力的；残疾的disabledadj.孤独的；寂寞的lonelyadj
30、.几个；数个；一些severalpron.强烈的；强壮的strongadj.拿；提；扛carryv.独自，单独aloneadv.欢呼，喝彩cheerv.困难；难题difficultyn.修理；安装fixv.门doorn.想象；设想imaginev.感觉；感触feelingn.使感兴趣；使关注interestv.兴趣；关注interestn.注意到；意识到noticev.（尤指长途）旅行；行程journeyn.开；打开openv.高兴；愉快joyn.募集；征集raisev.仁慈；善良kindnessn.修理；修补repairv.信；函lettern.训练；培训trainv.女士；小姐Missn.
31、理解；领会understandv.通知；通告；注意noticen.义务做；自愿做；volunteer v.物主；主人ownern.变化；改变changev.&n.满足；满意satisfactionn.【单词变形】单词三单过去式过去分词现在分词carrycarriescarriedcarriedcarryingcheercheerscheeredcheeredcheeringfixfixesfixedfixedfixingimagineimaginesimaginedimaginedimagininginterestinterestsinterestedinterestedinteres
32、tingnoticenoticesnoticednoticednoticingopenopensopenedopenedopeningraiseraisesraisedraisedraisingrepairrepairsrepairedrepairedrepairingtraintrainstrainedtrainedtrainingunderstandunderstandsunderstoodunderstoodunderstandingvolunteer volunteersvolunteeredvolunteeredvolunteeringchangechangeschangedchan
33、gedchanging单词复数单词复数单词复数difficultydifficultiesnoticenoticessignsignsdoordoorsownerownerstraining/feelingfeelingssatisfaction/volunteer volunteersinterestinterestskindness/wheelwheelsjourney/letterlettersmadam/joy/单词比较级最高级单词比较级最高级clevercleverercleverestexcitedmore excitedmost excitedstrongstrongerstro
34、ngestlonelymore lonelymost lonely【单词变性】blind形容词变名词blindnessbroken形容词变动词breakexcited形容词变动词excitestrong形容词变名词strengthdifficulty名词变形容词difficultfeeling名词变动词feelkindness名词变形容词kindowner名词变动词ownsatisfaction名词变动词satisfytraining名词变动词traindisabled形容词变动词disableimagine动词变名词imaginationcheer动词变形容词cheerfulchange名词
35、变形容词changeable【一词多义】1. raise 升起 筹钱 抚养长大The soldiers raise the flag every morning.The Red Cross raises money and other things for the poor.You raised me up.2. interest 兴趣 使感兴趣 Mary has great interest in learning English.English and Maths interest me very much.3. letter 信 字母 Mary wrote a letter to her
36、 best friend about where they will travel on vacation.A is the first letter in alphabet.4. notice 通告，通知 注意 Look, here is a notice, saying ”nobody at home today.”Someone noticed the thief running toward the west.5. open 打开 开着的Open the door, please.The door has been open for ten minutes.6. train 火车 训练
37、 We went to Guilin by train.The dog was trained to be a guide for the blind.7. volunteer 志愿者 志愿 In my spare time, I work as a volunteer.I volunteer to help the old in Old Peoples House.【高频短语】be excited about对感到兴奋feel lonely感到孤单live alone一个人住have difficulties in doing sth. 在.方面有困难a feeling of satisfaction满意感have an interest in doing sth.在.方面有兴趣the owner of 的主人as a volunteer作为志愿者carry on继续执行cheer up喝彩fix up修理open up打开raise up抚养长大【攻占语法】1. 以up结尾的动词词组动词词组意思动词词组意思break up(关系)破裂jump up(开心)跳起来bring up抚养长大keep up(with)与并驾齐驱build up强健(体魄)look up向上看，仰视某人，查字典call up号召，打电话make up组成，编造，伪装catch up(with)赶上某人