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1、2022年考研英语阅读理解试题及答案解析10Test10Ifyouintendusinghumorinyourtalktomakepeoplesmile,youmustknowhowtoidentifysharedexperiencesandproblems.Yourhumormustberelevanttotheaudienceandshouldhelptoshowthemthatyouareoneofthemorthatyouunderstandtheirsituationandareinsympathywiththeirpointofview.Dependingonwhomyouarea
2、ddressing,theproblemswillbedifferent.Ifyouaretalkingtoagroupofmanagers,youmayrefertothedisorganizedmethodsoftheirsecretaries;alternativelyifyouareaddressingsecretaries,youmaywanttocommentontheirdisorganizedbosses。Hereisanexample,whichIheardatanurses’convention,ofastorywhichworkswellbecausethea
3、udienceallsharedthesameviewofdoctors.AmanarrivesinheavenandisbeingshownaroundbySt.Peter.Heseeswonderfulaccommodations,beautifulgardens,sunnyweather,andsoon.Everyoneisverypeaceful,politeandfriendlyuntil,waitinginalineforlunch,thenewarrivalissuddenlypushedasidebyamaninawhitecoat,whorushestotheheadofth
4、eline,grabshisfoodandstompsovertoatablebyhimself.Whoisthat?thenewarrivalaskedSt.Peter.Oh,that’sGod,camethereply,butsometimeshethinkshe’sadoctor。Ifyouarepartofthegroupwhichyouareaddressing,youwillbeinapositiontoknowtheexperiencesandproblemswhicharecommontoallofyouandit’llbeappropria
5、teforyoutomakeapassingremarkabouttheinediblecanteenfoodorthechairman’snotoriousbadtasteinties.Withotheraudiencesyoumustn’tattempttocutinwithhumorastheywillresentanoutsidermakingdisparagingremarksabouttheircanteenortheirchairman.YouwillbeonsafergroundifyousticktoscapegoatslikethePostOffic
6、eorthetelephonesystem。Ifyoufeelawkwardbeinghumorous,youmustpracticesothatitbecomesmorenatural,includeafewcasualandapparentlyoff-the-cuffremarkswhichyoucandeliverinarelaxedandunforcedmanner.Oftenit’sthedeliverywhichcausestheaudiencetosmile,sospeakslowlyandrememberthataraisedeyebroworanunbelievi
7、nglookmayhelptoshowthatyouaremakingalight-heartedremark。Lookforthehumor.Itoftencomesfromtheunexpected.AtwistonafamiliarquoteIfatfirstyoudon’tsucceed,giveuporaplayonwordsoronasituation.Searchforexaggerationandunderstatements.Lookatyourtalkandpickoutafewwordsorsentenceswhichyoucanturnaboutandinj
8、ectwithhumor。1Tomakeyourhumorwork,youshouldAtakeadvantageofdifferentkindsofaudience。Bmakefunofthedisorganizedpeople。Caddressdifferentproblemstodifferentpeople。Dshowsympathyforyourlisteners。查看原文2Thejokeaboutdoctorsimpliesthat,intheeyesofnurses,theyareAimpolitetonewarrivals。Bveryconsciousoftheirgodlik
9、erole。Centitledtosomeprivileges。Dverybusyevenduringlunchhours。查看原文3ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatpublicservicesAhavebenefitedmanypeople。Barethefocusofpublicattention。Careaninappropriatesubjectforhumor。Dhaveoftenbeenthelaughingstock。查看原文4Toachievethedesiredresult,humorousstoriesshouldbedeliveredAinwe
10、ll-wordedlanguage。Basawkwardlyaspossible。Cinexaggeratedstatements。Dascasuallyaspossible。查看原文5ThebesttitleforthetextmaybeAUseHumorEffectively。BVariousKindsofHumor。CAddHumortoSpeech。DDifferentHumorStrategies。查看原文Couldthebadolddaysofeconomicdeclinebeabouttoreturn?SinceOPECagreedtosupply-cutsinMarch,the
11、priceofcrudeoilhasjumpedtoalmost$26abarrel,upfromlessthan$10lastDecember.Thisnear-triplingofoilpricescallsupscarymemoriesofthe1973oilshock,whenpricesquadrupled,and1979-1980,whentheyalsoalmosttripled.Bothpreviousshocksresultedindouble-digitinflationandglobaleconomicdecline.Sowherearetheheadlineswarni
12、ngofgloomanddoomthistime?TheoilpricewasgivenanotherpushupthisweekwhenIraqsuspendedoilexports.Strengtheningeconomicgrowth,atthesametimeaswintergripsthenorthernhemisphere,couldpushthepricehigherstillintheshortterm。Yettherearegoodreasonstoexpecttheeconomicconsequencesnowtobelessseverethaninthe1970s.Inm
13、ostcountriesthecostofcrudeoilnowaccountsforasmallershareofthepriceofpetrolthanitdidinthe1970s.InEurope,taxesaccountforuptofour-fifthsoftheretailprice,soevenquitebigchangesinthepriceofcrudehaveamoremutedeffectonpumppricesthaninthepast。Richeconomiesarealsolessdependentonoilthantheywere,andsolesssensit
14、ivetoswingsintheoilprice.Energyconservation,ashifttootherfuelsandadeclineintheimportanceofheavy,energy-intensiveindustrieshavereducedoilconsumption.Software,consultancyandmobiletelephonesusefarlessoilthansteelorcarproduction.ForeachdollarofGDP(inconstantprices)richeconomiesnowusenearly50%lessoilthan
15、in1973.TheOECDestimatesinitslatestEconomicOutlookthat,ifoilpricesaveraged$22abarrelforafullyear,comparedwith$13in1998,thiswouldincreasetheoilimportbillinricheconomiesbyonly0.25-0.5%ofGDP.Thatislessthanone-quarteroftheincomelossin1974or1980.Ontheotherhand,oil-importingemergingeconomiestowhichheavyind
16、ustryhasshiftedhavebecomemoreenergy-intensive,andsocouldbemoreseriouslysqueezed。Onemorereasonnottolosesleepovertheriseinoilpricesisthat,unliketherisesinthe1970s,ithasnotoccurredagainstthebackgroundofgeneralcommodity-priceinflationandglobalexcessdemand.Asizableportionoftheworldisonlyjustemergingfrome
17、conomicdecline.TheEconomist'scommoditypriceindexisbroadlyunchangingfromayearago.In1973commoditypricesjumpedby70%，andin1979byalmost30%。6ThemainreasonforthelatestriseofoilpriceisAglobalinflation.Breductioninsupply。Cfastgrowthineconomy.DIraq'ssuspensionofexports。查看原文7Itcanbeinferredfromthetextt
18、hattheretailpriceofpetrolwillgoupdramaticallyifApriceofcruderises.Bcommoditypricesrise。Cconsumptionrises.Doiltaxesrise。查看原文8TheestimatesinEconomicOutlookshowthatinrichcountriesAheavyindustrybecomesmoreenergy-intensive。Bincomelossmainlyresultsfromfluctuatingcrudeoilprices。Cmanufacturingindustryhasbee
19、nseriouslysqueezed。DoilpricechangeshavenosignificantimpactonGDP。查看原文9WecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthatAoil-priceshocksarelessshockingnow。Binflationseemsirrelevanttooil-priceshocks。Cenergyconservationcankeepdowntheoilprices。Dthepriceriseofcrudeleadstotheshrinkingofheavyindustry。查看原文10FromthetextwecanseethatthewriterseemsAoptimistic.Bsensitive.Cgloomy.Dscared。查看原文第7页 共7页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页第 7 页 共 7 页