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1、2022年考研英语精选练习题 6阅读理解单项选择题Theexistenceofbothracialandsexualdiscriminationinemploymentiswelldocumented，andpolicymakersandresponsibleemployersareparticularlysensitivetotheplightoftheblackfemaleemployeeonthetheorythatsheisdoublythevictimofdiscrimination.Thatthereexistdifferencesinincomebetweenwhitesandb
2、lacksisclear，butitisnotsoclearthatthesedifferencesaresolelytheresultofracialdiscriminationinemployment.Thetwogroupsdifferinproductivity，sobasiceconomicsdictatesthattheirincomeswilldiffer.Toobtainatruemeasureoftheeffectofracialdiscriminationinemploymentitisnecessarytoadjustthegrossblack/whiteincomera
3、tiofortheseproductivityfactors.Whitewomeninurbanareashaveahighereducationallevelthanblackwomenandcanbeexpectedtoreceivelargerincomes.Moreover，StatedistributionofresidenceisimportantbecauseblacksareoverrepresentedintheSouth，wherewageratesaretypicallylowerthanelsewhereandwhereracialdifferentialsininco
4、mearegreater.Also，blacksareover-representedinlargecities，andincomesofblackswouldbegreaterifblacksweredistributedamongcitiesofdifferentsizesinthesamemanneraswhites.Afterstandardizationfortheproductivityfactors，theincomeofblackurbanwomenisestimatedtobebetween108and125percentoftheincomeofwhitewomen.Thi
5、sindicatesthatproductivityfactorsmorethanaccountfortheactualwhite/blackincomedifferentialforwomen.Despitetheirgreatereducation，whitewomen’sactualaverageincomeisonly2to5percenthigherthanthatofblackwomenintheNorth.Unlikethesituationofmen，theevidenceindicatesthatthemoneyincomeofblackurbanwomenwas
6、asgreatas，orgreaterthan，thatofwhitesofsimilarproductivityintheNorth，andprobablyintheUnitedStatesasawhole.Atleasttwopossiblehypothesesmayexplainwhytheadjustmentforproductivitymorethanaccountsfortheobservedincomedifferentialforwomen.First，theremaybemorediscriminationagainstblackmenthanagainstblackwome
7、n.Thedifferentoccupationalstructuresformenandwomengivesomeindicationwhythiscouldbethecase.Second，thedataareconsistentwiththehypothesisthattheintensityofdiscriminationagainstwomendifferslittlebetweenwhitesandblacks.Therefore，racialdiscriminationaddslittletoeffectsofexistingsexdiscrimination.Thesefind
8、ingssuggestthatablackwomandoesnotnecessarilysufferrelativelymorediscriminationinthelabormarketthandoesawhitewoman.Rather，forwomen，theeffectsofsexualdiscriminationaresopervasivethattheeffectsofracialdiscriminationarenegligible.1Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto_.A.explainthereasonsfortheexistenceofin
9、comedifferentialsbetweenmenandwomenB.showthatracialdiscriminationagainstblackwomeninemploymentislessimportantthansexualdiscriminationC.explorethewaysinwhichproductivityfactorsinfluencetheearningpowerofblackworkersD.sketchahistoryofracialandsexualdiscriminationagainstblackandfemaleworkersinthelaborma
10、rket查看原文2Thedifferencebetweenincomelevelsforblackandwhitewomenis_.A.lessthanthatforblackandwhitemenB.greaterthanthatforblackandwhitemenC.greatersinceblackwomenaresubjecttomorediscriminationD.smallersincewomencanonlydolow-payingjobs查看原文3Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthelogicalrelationshipbetweenthe
11、twohypothesespresentedinthefourthparagraph?A.Theymaybothbetruesinceeachphenomenoncouldcontributetotheobserveddifferential.B.Theyarecontradictory，andifoneisprovedtobecorrect，theotherisprovedincorrect.C.Theyareindependentofeachother，anditishardtoestablishanyrelationshipbetweenthem.D.Thetwohypothesesar
12、elogicallyconnectedsothatitisimpossibletoproveeitheronetobetruewithoutalsoprovingtheothertobetrue.查看原文4Ifthesecondhypothesismentionedbytheauthoriscorrect，agenerallesseningofdiscriminationagainstwomenshouldleadtoa_.A.higherwhite/blackincomeratioforwomenB.lowerwhite/blackincomeratioforwomenC.lowerfema
13、le/maleincomeratioD.increaseintheproductivityofwomen查看原文5Theauthor’sattitudetowardracialandsexualdiscriminationinemploymentisoneof_.A.apologyB.concernC.indifferenceD.indignation查看原文Itlookedlikeatypicalbusinessmeeting.Sixmen，neatlydressedinwhiteshirtsandtiesfiledintotheboardroomofasmallJakartac
14、ompanyandsatdownatalongtable.Butinsteadofconsultingfilesorhearingreports，theyclosedtheireyesandbegantomeditate，consultingthespiritsofancientJavanesekings.MysticismtouchesalmosteveryaspectoflifeinIndonesiaandbusinessisnoexception.Oneofthemeditatorssaidhisweeklymeditationsessionsareaimedmainlyatbringi
15、ngthepeaceofmindthatmakesforgooddecision-making.Buttheinsightgainedfrommysticcommunicationwithspiritsofwisekingshasalsohelpedboosttheprofitsofhisfivecompanies.Mysticismandprofitshavecometogethersincethe13thcenturyintroductionofIslamtoIndonesiabyIndianMoslemmerchants.Thosedevouttraders，calledWaliUlla
16、h’orthoseclosetoGod，’energeticallyspreadbothtradeandreligionbyadaptingtheirappealstothenativemysticismofJava.LegendsattributemagicpowerofforeknowledgetotheWaliUllah.Thesepowerswerebelievedtobegainedthroughmeditationandfasting.BusinessmanHadisikosaidhisgroupfastsandmeditatesallnighteveryT
17、hursdaytobecomeclosertoGodandtocontactthespiritsofthegreatmenofthepast.Ifwewanttoemploysomeoneatthemanageriallevel，wemeditatetogetherandoftenthemessagecomesthatthismancan’tholeontomoneyorheisuntrustworthy.Ormaybethespiritswilltellusheshouldbehired.Hadizikohastenedtoaddthathiscompaniesalsoholdm
18、odernpersonnelmanagementsystemsandthatformalqualificationsareessentialforacandidateeventobeconsidered.Perspectiveinvestmentsalsoareconsideredthroughmysticmeditation.’Withthemindrelaxedandopen，itiseasiertobeobjectiveinjudgingtheriskofanewventure.Meditationandcontactwiththewisdomoftheoldleaderss
19、harpensyourowninsightandintuition.Thenyouhavetoapplythatintuitiontotheinformationyouhaveandworkhardtobesuccessful.Mysticmeditationhelpedreverseabusinessslidehiscompaniesexperiencedinthemid-1980.Operatingwithnormalbusinessprocedures，helostmorethan$3millionsinthatyearalone.Meditationbroughtbackhispeac
20、eofmind.Puttingtherightpersonsintherightjobsandgainingconfidenceinhisbusinessdecisionswerethekeystoaturningaroundthathasbroughtexpansionandprofitability.ThemysticisminHadisiko’sboardroomispartofagrowingmovementinIndonesiacalledKebatinan–thesearchfortheinnerself.’Oneofhismanagers，Yu
21、sufSoemado，whostudiedbusinessadministrationatHarvardUniversity，comparedtheideaofmysticmanagementtowesternsystemofpositivethinking.Willpowerandsubconsciousmindarerecognizedasimportantfactorsinbusiness.Suchapproachesaspsycho-cybernetics，Carnegie’sthinkandgrowthrates，orthepowerofpositivethinkinga
22、rewesternattemptstotapthesamehigherintelligencethatwecontactthroughmeditation，hesaid.6Whatisthemostimportantfactorintheirdoingbusiness?A.Mysticism.B.Religion.C.Meditation.D.Investment.查看原文7Whomdotheyconsult?A.ThespiritsofancientJavanesekings.B.WaliUllah.C.OldKings.D.Carnegie.查看原文8WhydidHadisikehaste
23、ntoaddhiscompaniesalsoholdmodernpersonnelmanagementsystems’?A.HethoughtMysticismwasnotsogoodasexpected.B.Toshowtheytoofocusedonqualifications.C.Toshowtheyhiredqualifiedpersons.D.Toshowthepossibilityofcombinationofthescientificmanagementwithreligion.查看原文9Accordingtothepassage，thefunctionoftheme
24、ditationisA.togainprofitfromthegod.B.togainpeaceofmindtomakedecision.C.togainforeknowledge.D.togainobjectiveconclusion.查看原文10Whatdoesoperatingwithnormalbusinessprocedures’referto?A.Adoptingthewesternwayofdoingbusiness.B.Ordinarywayofdoingbusinesswithoutmeditationandfasting.C.ContactwithGod.D.Puttingrightpersonsintherightjobs.查看原文第9页 共9页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页第 9 页 共 9 页