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1、Unit 3 Careers and skills A卷夯实基础（时间：90分钟 满分：100分）第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2021重庆高二开学考试）Finding a winter job is often a proof (证明) that youre growing up, and its also a way to make money to pay for what you dream of. Its never too early to start consid
2、ering the future. Now, here are some good choices for you!Retail (零售) SalesRetail offers plenty of opportunity for teens who are looking for a job. This type of work can pay from$ 10 to $15 an hour depending upon the duty you are taking on. It can also be great for teens who are friendly and enjoy t
3、alking to other people. For more information, call us at 4005075.Food ServiceA job in the food service industry is a natural fit for teens who enjoy communicating with the public. It allows employees to work as part of a team while learning about following instructions. It also comes with the chance
4、 to earn between $8 and $10 per hour. Just call 4005077 for more information.Babysitter (临时保姆)This job requires someone who is highly responsible. Though it pays generally between $6 and $8 hourly, it also requires a lot of patience. This is a great choice for teens who wish to make a career in teac
5、hing, child care，social work or any other field that makes use of social skills or requires interaction (互动) with kids. Got a question? Just call 4005076.HousekeepingThis type of work can bring in about $ 5 an hour and it will allow teens to learn about the tourism industry (旅游业), so hotels are ofte
6、n looking for more housekeeping staff，and parks often need more people to assist with keeping public areas clean and organized as well. Telephone: 40050791. Which of the following jobs may offer teens the most money in one hour?ARetail SalesBBabysitterCFood ServiceDHousekeeping2. Which number would
7、you call if you intend to teach in the future?A4005075.B4005079.C4005076.D4005077.3. Who is the text mainly written for?ATeens faced with communication problems.BCollege graduates looking for a job.CTeens wishing to start their own business.DTeens expecting a part-time job in the winter.【答案】ACD【解析】本
8、文是一篇应用文，介绍了在寒假做兼职的好处，并介绍了几种适合青少年的寒假兼职工作。1. 细节理解题。根据Retail (零售) Sales中“This type of work can pay from$ 10 to $15 an hour depending upon the duty you are taking on.( 这种工作每小时的报酬从10美元到15美元不等，这取决于你承担的职责)”可知，零售工资待遇为每小时10美元到15美元；Food Service中“It also comes with the chance to earn between $8 and $10 per hou
9、r. (它还有机会每小时挣8到10美元)”可知，食品服务业工资待遇为每小时8到10美元；Babysitter (临时保姆)中“it pays generally between $6 and $8 hourly(通常每小时支付6到8美元)”可知，临时保姆的待遇为每小时6到8美元；Housekeeping中“This type of work can bring in about $ 5 an hour (这种工作每小时能挣5美元)”可知，家政工作待遇为每小时5美元。由此可知，零售工作的待遇最高，为每小时10美元到15美元不等。故选A。2. 细节理解题。根据Babysitter (临时保姆)中“
10、This is a great choice for teens who wish to make a career in teaching, child care，social work or any other field(对于希望从事教学、儿童保育、社会工作或任何其他领域的青少年来说，这是一个很好的选择)”和“Just call 4005076”可知，如果你在将来希望从事教学的工作，可以拨打电话4005076。故选C。3. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Finding a winter job is often a proof that youre growing up(找到一份冬季工作通
11、常证明你已经长大了)”，第二段中的“Retail offers plenty of opportunity for teens who are looking for a job.( 零售业为找工作的青少年提供了大量的机会)”，第三段中的“A job in the food service industry is a natural fit for sociable teens who enjoy communicating with the public.( 对于喜欢与公众交流的青少年来说，食品服务行业的工作是很自然的选择)”及第四段中的“This is a great choice for
12、 teens who wish to make a career in teaching, child care(对于希望从事教学，儿童护理的青少年来说，这是一个很棒的选择)”可推知，本文是写给想要在寒假找兼职的青少年的，故选D。B（2021浙江余姚中学高三阶段练习）Fashion designers produce all types of clothes from casual to formal, and they are sometimes involved in creating wearable products like smartwatches or accessories l
13、ike hats, handbags and shoes. They also sometimes make costumes for plays and movies and can help create patterns for high-tech uniforms such as those worn by firefighters.The greatest thrill of being a fashion designer, many of them say, has nothing to do with dressing up supermodels for grand even
14、ts and watching them walk down runways wearing the clothing you designed-though that is a plus and a sign of success. What makes the job truly exciting, several designers say, is watching an everyday person smile when they put on an outfit you created that makes them feel confident.“You can see when
15、 somebody tries something on and they fed good, its almost like theyre empowered,” a fashion brand founder Franne Golde says. “You know, they look in the mirror, and they love what they see.”But what is vital for being a fashion designer? “Design is all about getting to know who you are, because you
16、 have to express who you are, and you have to be able to convey that to your ultimate customer and client,” says Bern Conrad, an alumnus (校友）of the Fashion Institute of Technology in New York City, a prestigious school that has educated world-famous fashion designers such as Calvin Klein.The fashion
17、 designer, who has produced a significant amount of silk apparel, sportswear and knitwear over the course of his career and plans to launch a modem casual fashion line under his own name this fall, also notes that a unique perspective and a distinctive identity are essential for being a fashion desi
18、gner.Other fashion designers emphasize that an appreciation for beauty and strong visual observation abilities are a must for future fashion designers, but they note that having a good eye is inadequate, since what counts most is the ability to manufacture clothing items that are somehow better than
19、 what is already out there.4. What really makes being a fashion designer exciting?AAttending grand events,BAppreciating the joy of success.CSeeing the outfits accepted by ordinary people.DWatching supermodels display the well-designed clothing.5. According to the passage, a fashion designer should b
20、e _.Aartistic and cooperative Bcreative and expressiveCeducated and productive Dobservant and experienced6. In which section of a newspaper can you find the article?ACareer. BSociety. CEntertainment. DAdvertisement.【答案】CBA【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“时装设计师”这一职业的成就感来源与所需的职业素养。4. 细节理解题。根据原文第二段“What makes the job
21、 truly exciting, several designers say, is watching an everyday person smile when they put on an outfit you created that makes them feel confident.”（几位设计师表示，这份工作真正令人兴奋的时刻在于，当你看到一个普通人穿上你设计的服装，这一身服装让他们感到自信，露出灿烂的笑容之时）可知，真正让一名时装设计师兴奋的是，看到自己所设计的服装被大众所认可、接受（Seeing the outfits accepted by ordinary people），
22、C符合原文，注意本题题干中的关键词really与原文中的truly形成了照应，是一种同义复现，这成为本题解答的关键，综上选C。5. 推理判断题。根据第四段的引文“Design is all about getting to know who you are, because you have to express who you are, and you have to be able to convey that to your ultimate customer and client.”（设计是关于你是谁的回答，因为你必须表达你是谁，你必须能够将其表达给你的最终顾客和客户）中的关键词exp
23、ress，可提炼归纳出第一种品质expressive（善于表达的）；又根据原文最后一段最后一句“but they note that having a good eye is inadequate, since what counts most is the ability to manufacture clothing items that are somehow better than what is already out there.”（但他们指出，有一双好的眼睛是不够的，因为最重要的是创造出比已有的服装款式更好的时装）可知，此处强调的是由无到有的创造能力（creative），综上分析
24、，B符合原文，故选B。6. 推理判断题。本题要求推断文章出自报纸的哪一版。纵观全文内容，其围绕fashion designers（时装设计师）这一职业展开，结构清晰，分为两部分，第一部分是他们的职业成就感来源，第二部分是这一职业所需的能力，文中多次出现关键词ability，综上判断，A. Career职业，事业；B. Society社会；C. Entertainment娱乐；D. Advertisement广告，可知career是唯一契合原文主旨的，故选A。C（2022浙江柯桥高二期末）Americans are walking away from their jobs in record n
25、umbers as remote work has uncoupled jobs from geography, and droves of employees are re-evaluating the relationships they have with their employers. To keep workers happy and on the job, more companies are turning to “stay interviews,” one-on-one meetings with top performers to give those key people
26、 the chance to talk about their current jobs. “This has become an extremely popular topic to try and help retain employees as much as possible,” said Robyn Hopper, a human resources knowledge adviser for the Society for Human Resource Management. Managers who conduct stay interviews are coached to a
27、sk workers open-ended questions about what they like most about their jobs, what they dislike and under what events or circumstances they might leave. Scott Bonneau, the vice president of global talent attraction at Indeed. com, said: “Employers, particularly in certain sectors, are seeing people le
28、ave at a faster rate. I think stay interviews can be quite effective. It promotes and fosters trust and open communication.”Sometimes workers switch jobs in pursuit of higher salaries. Other departures are spurred by chances to have more flexible hours, remote work or professional development opport
29、unities. While experts say stay interviews can be a valuable tool to retain top employees, there is one big caveat: Bosses have to actually follow through on the feedback from workers. “At the end of the day, you can promise the best things in the world, but if you cant execute and deliver, people w
30、ill tend to look elsewhere,” said Thomas Wu, who recently took a job as the director of finance at an NFT startup. Carvajal said small businesses, which struggle to compete with huge companies in salaries and benefits, have more at stake and tend to use processes like stay interviews more frequently
31、. Bonneau added, however, that workers who want to stay with their current employers should be honest about their perspectives if they are asked to participate in stay interviews.7. Why does “stay interview” gain popularity?ARemote work promotes geographical freedom.BRelationships between employers
32、and employees are reevaluated.COpen communication helps keep the outstanding workers on the job.DEmployers owns an opportunity to promise the best thing.8. Which of the following may not be a factor that the employees value?Ahigher payBwork flexibilityCcareer prospectDfierce competition9. What does
33、the underlined word “caveat” in paragraph 5 probably mean?AadvantageBwarningCcriticismDvalue10. What is the main idea of the passage?AEmployers carry out “stay interview” as record number of Americans walk off jobs.BA large number of workers in America quit office to pursue remote work.CSmall busine
34、sses favor “stay interview” to enhance competitiveness.D”Stay interview” has become a global trend in the job market.【答案】CDBA【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了随着美国失业人数的增加，越来越多的公司开始转向“留下来面试”的方式，向员工提出开放式问题进行沟通，以此方式留下优秀员工。7. 细节理解题。根据第三段“This has become an extremely popular topic to try and help retain employees as much
35、 as possible,” said Robyn Hopper, a human resources knowledge adviser for the Society for Human Resource Management. Managers who conduct stay interviews are coached to ask workers open-ended questions(人力资源管理学会的人力资源知识顾问罗宾霍珀说：“为了尽可能留住员工，这已经成为一个极受欢迎的话题”，对进行留任面试的经理进行指导，让他们向员工提出开放式问题)”可知，“留下来面试”已经成为一个极受
36、欢迎的话题，开放式问题能够留住优秀员工。因此，“留下来面试”受欢迎的原因是C项“Open communication helps keep the outstanding workers on the job.(开放的沟通有助于将优秀员工留在工作中)”符合题意，故选C项。8. 细节理解题。根据第五段“Sometimes workers switch jobs in pursuit of higher salaries. Other departures are spurred by chances to have more flexible hours, remote work or prof
37、essional development opportunities. (有时员工为了追求更高的工资而换工作。其他离职是因为有机会获得更灵活的工作时间、远程工作或职业发展机会)”可知，员工离职的原因包括追求更高的工资、获得更灵活的工作时间或职业发展机会，不包含激烈的竞争。因此，以下可能不是员工重视的因素是D项“fierce competition (激烈的竞争)”符合题意，故选D项。9. 词义猜测题。根据第五段下一句“Bosses have to actually follow through on the feedback from workers.(老板必须切实跟进员工的反馈)”可知，下一
38、句进一步提出了警告的具体内容是：老板必须切实跟进员工的反馈，因此，划线词所在句意为“虽然专家们表示，留任面试可能是留住顶级员工的一个宝贵工具，但有一个大警告”，其中划线词“caveat”的意思是“警告”。因此，第五段中带下划线的“caveat”可能是意思是B项“warning(警告)”符合题意，故选B项。10. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段 “Americans are walking away from their jobs in record numbers as remote work has uncoupled jobs from geography, and droves
39、of employees are re-evaluating the relationships they have with their employers. (随着远程工作使工作与地理环境脱钩，大批员工正在重新评估他们与雇主的关系，美国人正以创纪录的数字离开工作岗位。)”和第二段中的“To keep workers happy and on the job, more companies are turning to “stay interviews(为了让员工开心和在职，越来越多的公司开始转向“留下来面试”)”可知，本文主要阐述了随着美国失业人数的增加，越来越多的公司开始转向“留下来面试
40、”，以此方式留下优秀员工。因此，这篇文章的主旨是A项“Employers carry out “stay interview” as record number of Americans walk off jobs.(随着创纪录的美国失业人数的增加，雇主们进行“留下来面试”)”符合题意，故选A项。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2021江苏武进高二期中）Getting a Job in the Video Game IndustryWhen the video game industry star
41、ted, the majority of the developers were programmers because they knew how to work in the language of the machines at the time. _11_ Thus, game developers were no longer limited to excellent programmers. You can start climbing the ladder as a tester. _12_ For a while, this path worked for quite some
42、 time, although many quickly realized that it wasnt the job they imagined it would be. It is almost impossible to progress from tech support into the development without higher level education and training in big development companies. Getting a development position isnt just a matter of having some
43、 programming or art classes on your resume(简历). _13_You may prepare yourselves for such questions as: What games are out there that youve made? Have you worked in a cooperative programming environment before? Do you know how to write clean, concise, documented codeIn fact, programming interviews fre
44、quently involve having to stand up in front of your potential coworkers at a whiteboard and solve logic or programming efficiency problems. Level designers and artists may have to talk about their work on a video project or in the same sort of environment. _14_ youre not able to communicate with you
45、r potential colleagues, you may lose the chance at a job that youd be perfect for. The recent rise of independently developed and published games has opened a new path for those looking to get into the game industry. _15_It requires a significant investment of time, energy, resources, and a drive to
46、 face a very competitive market. And most importantly, it requires that you know how to fill, and despite this to get up and move on to the next project until you make it.ABut this is not an easy route.BTesting games for money has been a dream job for countless teens.CGame development is not the thi
47、ng you can just do in your bedroom.DLater on, other staff like artists became part of the development processEMany game companies now check for compatibility（相容性）with teammates.FSo you can start by trying everything and then focus on what you enjoy most.GLong interview processes stand between gifted
48、 developers and their dreams of making gam【答案】DBGEA【解析】本文为一篇说明文。本文介绍了视频游戏行业就业所必需的素质与要求，告知了读者想要进入这个行业所需的努力。11. 上文“When the video game industry started, the majority of the developers were programmers because they knew how to work in the language of the machines at the time.(当电子游戏行业开始的时候，大多数开发者都是程序员，因为他们知道如何用当时的机器语言工作)”，此句关键信息为“When the video game industry started”；D项“Later on, other staff like artists became part of the development process (后来，像艺术家这样的其他员工也参与了开发过程)”，句中有关键词Later on，D项与前文有时间上的先后关系，语意连贯；下文“Th