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1、Unit 4 Never too old to learn 测试(B卷能力提升)(时间：90分钟 满分：120分)第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节 (共15小题：每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A(2021安徽六安一中高二期中)Online master gardener programs allow you to learn more about plants and gardening. Some of them can also provide certification to those who wish t
2、o benefit their community in broader ways.Advanced Permaculture Design* Price: About $ 495(Plus $ 60 registration free).* Experience Level: Suitable for experienced learners.* Reasons: If you are looking for something more in-depth, then these courses offer more advanced instruction in permaculture.
3、* Advantages: Opportunity to advance skills in permaculture; aid in professional development. * Disadvantages: Not suitable for beginners.Garden Tutor* Price: Free.* Experience Level: Suitable for beginners.* Reasons: This course is free and it is suitable for beginners.* Advantages: Completely free
4、 of charge; suitable for complete learners.* Disadvantages: No route to certification; simpler and less comprehensive than paid courses.Cornell Gardener Program* Price: About $675 for a six-week organic gardening course.* Experience Level: Suitable for beginners through to more experienced gardeners
5、.* Reasons: This is one of our top picks because of the institutions excellent reputation.* Advantages: Focus on organic, eco-friendly gardening, flexible online learning; small class sizes.* Disadvantages: Costly option; full master gardener certification only available to local residents.Skillshar
6、e Gardening Courses* Price: Low prices which vary in courses.* Experience Level: Suitable for beginners.* Reasons: These courses offer various opportunities to learn more about gardening. If gardening is a hobby, taking one or more of them could be a great alternative to a full maste gardener progra
7、m.* Advantages: Affordable; flexible online schedules.* Disadvantages: No route to certification.1. Which of the following online programs charges nothing?AAdvanced Permaculture Design.BGarden Tutor.CComell Gardener Program.DSkillshare Gardening Courses.2. What makes Cornell Gardener program differe
8、nt from others?AIt only offers a short-term course.BIt doesnt charge any registration fee.CIt is known for environmental protection.DIt is intended for learners of different levels.3. What may Skillshare Gardening Courses attract beginners most?AIts teaching method.BIts route to certification.CIts f
9、lexible online schedules.DIts experienced masters.【答案】BDC【解析】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了四个网上园艺课程。1. 细节理解题。根据第二则广告中的“* Price: Free.(价格:免费。)”可知，“Garden Tutor”是面对初学者的，且完全免费。故选B。2. 细节理解题。根据第三则广告中的“* Experience Level: Suitable for beginners through to more experienced gardeners.(经验等级:适合初学者到更有经验的园丁)”并对比其他课程可知Advanced
10、Permaculture Design只适合有经验的园丁；Garden Tutor和Skillshare Gardening Courses只适合初学者；由此可知“Cornell Gardener Program”的特别之处是适合各层次的人。故选D。3. 细节理解题。根据第四则广告中的“Advantages: Affordable; flexible online schedules.(优点：实惠；灵活的在线计划)”可知，Skillshare园艺课程最吸引初学者的是课程的时间非常灵活。故选C。B(2022山东青岛市黄岛区教育发展研究中心高二期末)The chasm (鸿沟) separatin
11、g Garang Piol from his dream of attending Cape Town University, the top university of Africa, in 2018 was wide. The former soldier from the Republic of South Sudan needed money to pay tuition. In the years after the wars ending in 2005, he had worked as an electrician in a school where he found a ch
12、ance at education. Later, he worked for Atlantas Carter Center in South Sudan, helping root out Guinea worm disease. His salary paid for his living expenses and for his education at the Catholic University of Eastern Africa in Kenya, where he earned a degree in sustainable development. David Stobbel
13、aar was in charge of the Carter Center in South Sudan in 2008 when Garang was assigned to his team. Stobbelaar says Garang impressed Carter Center staff with his intelligence, organization and communication abilities. The two became good friends over years and Garang told Stobbelaar his experience o
14、f being a soldier.When Stobbelaar was talking in 2015 to Dickstein Hughes, a friend who is a teacher, she was leading her 10th grade English class through a book, A Long Way Gone: Memoirs of a Soldier. “I was talking to David about some of my concerns and bringing my students closer to the humanity
15、of the memoir, and he suggested that he could connect me with a former soldier,” she said.Garang soon was answering questions via Internet from the students. His talk was so impactful that Dickstein Hughes continued contacting him for the next three years, became Garangs friend and came to know of h
16、is hopes of coming to Cape Town University for more schooling. Recommended by Dickstein Hughes, Garang was accepted at Cape Town, but the money became the sticking point. Thus Dickstein Hughes and her class started a GoFundMe account, went door to door and held fundraisers. “Life has challenged him
17、time and time again, and Garang has proved himself time and time again.” Dickstein Hughes said. Now Garang is one year into earning masters degrees at Cape Town in international development and public health. He is anxious to return home and recreate the process that changed him. “I hope to change t
18、he life of others to help them know they have a future,” Garang said.4. What is the text mainly about?AA chasm separated a Sudanese soldier from his dream.BA Sudanese soldier fulfilled his dream with the help of friends.CA Sudanese soldier realized his dream by telling his stories.DA former Sudanese
19、 soldier hopes to change the life of others.5. What does the author intend to tell us about Garang in paragraph 2?AHe went to school in 2005.BHe managed to get more schooling.CHe did different jobs to make money.DHe made contributions in rooting out Guinea worm disease.6. Why did Garangs friends lik
20、e to help him?AHe used to be a soldier.BHe communicated with friends via Internet.CHe received high level education.DHis behavior impressed friends deeply.7. What does the underlined part “sticking point” in paragraph 5 mean?ADisadvantage. BMistake. CDifficulty. DDisappointment.【答案】BBDC【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道
21、，主要讲的是来自南苏丹共和国的前士兵加朗皮奥尔(Garang Piol)通过参加一些工作和朋友的帮助来支付学费的求学经历。4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段的“Recommended by Dickstein Hughes, Garang was accepted at Cape Town, but the money became the sticking point. Thus Dickstein Hughes and her class started a GoFundMe account, went door to door and held fundraisers. “Li
22、fe has challenged him time and time again, and Garang has proved himself time and time again.” Dickstein Hughes said.”(在Dickstein Hughes的推荐下，加朗被开普敦大学录取，但钱成了症结所在。因此，Dickstein Hughes和她的班级开设了一个GoFundMe账户，挨家挨户地进行筹款活动。“生活一次又一次地向他挑战，加朗一次又一次地证明了自己。”迪克斯坦休斯说。)可知，本文主要讲的是来自南苏丹共和国的前士兵Garang Piol通过参加一些工作和朋友的帮助来支
23、付学费的求学经历，即A Sudanese soldier fulfilled his dream with the help of friends，故选B。5. 推理判断题。根据第二段的“In the years after the wars ending in 2005, he had worked as an electrician in a school where he found a chance at education.His salary paid for his living expenses and for his education at the Catholic Uni
24、versity of Eastern Africa in Kenya, where he earned a degree in sustainable development.”(在2005年战争结束后的几年里，他曾在一所学校当电工，在那里他找到了接受教育的机会他的工资支付了他在肯尼亚东非天主教大学(Catholic University of Eastern Africa)的生活费和教育费用，并在那里获得了可持续发展学位。)可知，作者在第二段主要是想告诉我们Garang设法接受了更多的教育。故选B。6. 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Stobbelaar says Garang impresse
25、d Carter Center staff with his intelligence, organization and communication abilities.”(Stobbelaar说，加朗的智慧、组织和沟通能力给卡特中心的工作人员留下了深刻印象。)可推断出，加朗的朋友喜欢帮助他是因为他的行为给朋友们留下了深刻的印象。故选D。7. 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“Thus Dickstein Hughes and her class started a GoFundMe account, went door to door and held fundraisers.”(因此，Dic
26、kstein Hughes和她的班级开设了一个GoFundMe账户，挨家挨户地进行筹款活动。)可知，进行筹款肯定是因为Garang需要钱，因此划线词所在的句子的意思是“钱成了困难所在”，划线词的意思是“困难”，即Difficulty，故选C。C(2022上海交大附中高二阶段练习)Passage Nine (Holmes Knowledge)His ignorance was as remarkable as his knowledge. Of contemporary literature, philosophy and politics he appeared to know next to
27、 nothing. Upon my quoting Thomas Carlyle, he inquired in the naivest way who he might be and what he had done. My surprise reached a climax, however, when I found incidentally that he was ignorant of the Copernican Theory and of the composition of the Solar system. “You appear to be astonished,” Hol
28、mes said, smiling at my expression. “Now that I do know it I shall do my best to forget it. You see, I consider that a mans brain originally is like a little empty attic, and you have to stock it with such furniture as you choose: A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so
29、 that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best jumbled up with a lot of other things, so that he has difficulty in laying his hand upon it. It is a mistake to think that the little room has elastic walls and can distend to any extent. Depend upon it, there comes a time
30、 when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you know before. It is of the highest importance, therefore, not to have useless facts elbowing out the useful ones.” “But the Solar System!” I protested. “What the deuce is it to me?” he interrupted impatiently. One morning, I picked u
31、p a magazine from the table and attempted to while away the time with it, while my companion munched silently at his toast. One of the articles had a pencil mark at the heading, and I naturally began to run my eye through it. Its somewhat ambitious title was “The Book of Life,” and it attempted to s
32、how how much an observant man might learn by an accurate and systematic examination of all that came in his way. It struck me as being a remarkable mixture of shrewdness and of absurdity. The reasoning was close and intense, but the deduction appeared to me to be far-fetched and exaggerated. The wri
33、ter claimed by a momentary expression, a twitch of a muscle or a glance of an eye, to fathom a mans inmost thought. Deceit, according to him, was impossibility in the case of one trained to observation and analysis. His conclusions were as infallible as so many propositions of Euclid. So startling w
34、ould his results appear to the uninitiated that until they learned the processes by which he had arrived at them they might well consider him as a necromancer. “From a drop of water,” said the writer, “a logician could infer the possibility of an Atlantic. So all life is a great chain, the nature of
35、 which is known whenever we are shown a single link of it. Like all other arts, the science of Deduction and Analysis is one which can be acquired by long and patient study, nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in it.” This smartly written piece of th
36、eory I could not accept until a succession of evidences justified it.8. What is the authors attitude toward Holmes?APraising.BCritical.CIronical.DDistaste.9. What way did the author take to stick out Holmes uniqueness?ABy deduction.BBy explanation.CBy contrast.DBy analysis.10. What was the Holmes id
37、ea about knowledge-learning?ALearning what every body learned.BLearning what was useful to you.CLearning whatever you came across.DLearning what was different to you.11. What did the article mentioned in the passage talk about?AOne may master the way of reasoning through observation.BOne may become
38、rather critical through observation and analysis.COne may become rather sharp through observation and analysis.DOne may become practical through observation and analysis.【答案】ACBC【解析】本文是小说节选。本章介绍了福尔摩斯的“无知”和他的“阁楼说”，以及他独有的推理和分析理论。8. 推理判断题。最后一段“This smartly written piece of theory I could not accept unt
39、il a succession of evidences justified it. (这个写得绝妙的理论，我一直无法认同，直到一系列的证据证明它是正确的)”是作者对福尔摩斯的文章The Book of Life中理论的评价，由此可知，作者对福尔摩斯是由不解到折服，不吝溢美之词。故选A项。9. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Of contemporary literature, philosophy and politics he appeared to know next to nothing. (对于当代文学、哲学和政治，他似乎一窍不通)”和最后一段福尔摩斯对于推理和分析理论的阐述“From a
40、 drop of water, said the writer, a logician could infer the possibility of an Atlantic. So all life is a great chain, the nature of which is known whenever we are shown a single link of it. Like all other arts, the science of Deduction and Analysis is one which can be acquired by long and patient st
41、udy, nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in it. (“从一滴水，”作者说，“一个逻辑学家可以推断出大西洋存在的可能性。因此，所有的生命都是一条巨大的链条，只要我们看到其中的一个环节，我们就知道它的本质。演绎与分析科学和其他所有的艺术一样，是一门可以通过长期和耐心的学习而获得的科学，也不可能让任何凡人在这门科学中达到最高的完美。”)”可知，作者通过对比福尔摩斯对于社会科学的无知和对于逻辑学知识的渊博来表现他的独特，即“His ignorance was
42、 as remarkable as his knowledge.(他的无知和他的知识一样引人注目)”。故选C项。10. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Depend upon it, there comes a time when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you know before. It is of the highest importance, therefore, not to have useless facts elbowing out the useful ones. (毫无疑问，总有那么一段时
43、间，每增加一点知识，你就会忘记一些以前知道的东西。因此，最重要的是，不要让无用的事实把有用的挤出去)”可知，福尔摩斯认为只应当学习对你有用的知识。故选B项。11. 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Its somewhat ambitious title was “The Book of Life,” and it attempted to show how much an observant man might learn by an accurate and systematic examination of all that came in his way. (这篇文章的标题有点雄心勃勃，叫做
44、生命之书，它试图表明一个善于观察的人，通过对他所遇到的一切事物进行准确而系统的观察，可以了解到很多东西)”可知，The Book of Life这篇文章讲的是一个人通过观察和分析可以察觉很多东西，可以变得相当敏锐。故选C项。D(2021上海市南洋模范中学高三期中)It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr.Koziatek is part of something pioneerin
45、g. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike
46、 chain？As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything：Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffiti desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum.They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But hes also found a kind of insidious prej
47、udice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority.Schools in the family of vocational education have that stereotype.that its for kids who cant make it academically, he says.On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of Americas evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic
48、 engine that it once was. The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new principle. We want more for our kids, and rightfully so.But the headlong(轻率的)push into bachelors degrees for all-and the subtle devaluing of anything less-misses an important point:Thats not the only thing the American economy needs. Yes, a bachelors degree opens more doors. But even now, 54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs, such as construction and high-