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1、2023年北京市考研英语一统考试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从3655各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题 卡上涂黑。My mother knew that she could not send
2、me to college and pay for it. If I wanted to go tocollege, it was up to roe to find out how to get there. I found that 136 for some grants （助学金）.There was enough to37school and books, but not enough for room and board. I accepted a job as part of a work-study program. I washed dishes in the school c
3、afeteria. My gradeswent 38 . Tt was the hardest work I had 39 done.Just when I thought I was going to 40 of my college career, a friend told me that hisgrandmother needed help on the weekends. 41 that was required of me was cooking meals. Now I would have time to study. I went to meet his grandmothe
4、r and accepted the job. My first 42was his grandmother1 s great love of music. One day, she told me I didnt have enough43 in my life and decided to teach me the art. Grandma was44 with my ability andencouraged me to continue. Weekends became more than just books and cooking; they were 45the wonderfu
5、l sounds of the piano and two singers.When Christmas break came, Grandma got a chest cold 46 I was unwilling to leave her. I hadnt been home since Labor Day, and my family was 47 to see me. I said my good-bye, 48 for her temporary care and returned home. 49 I was loading my car to goback to school,
6、the phone rang and my friend told me Grandma died. I hung up the phone feelinglike my world had ended. I had 50 my friend, and that was 51 worse than knowing Iwould have to return to dishwashing.Four weeks later, I asked to begin the work-study program again. The financial aid advisorlooked at me 52
7、 I had lost my mind. I 53my position, then he smiled and slid me anenvelope which was from Grandma. She had known how sick she was. In the envelope was enoughmoney to pay for the rest of my school year and a request that I take piano lessons in her _ 54 . Now, years later, when I walk by a piano, I
8、55 and think of Grandma. She is playing the pianoin heaven, I am sure.1、 A. fitB matchedC. suitedD. qualified2、A. coverB . offerC. containD. include3、A. back to frontB. ins and outsC. up and downD. left to right4、 A. evenB everC neverD. still5、A. cut outB drop outC. leave outD. turn out6、 A. Everyth
9、ingB. SomethingC. AllD. Anything7、A. ideaB. jobC. findingD. discovery2. what3. animals7、1. the2. who/that3. to purchase4. is5. as6. has marked7. to8. . organizations9. living10. safelySection III Translation8、1. D2. C3. A4. G5. E9、1. C2. B3. F4. D5. A8、A. moneyB. funC. energyD. ambition9、A. persuade
10、dB , stuckC. impressedD beaten10、A. filled w汕B covered withC. dotted withD. equipped with11、A. thereforeB. thenC. orD. and12、A. nervousB surprisedC. anxiousD. shocked13 A. settledB. recommendedC. organizedD. arranged14 A. BeforeB. AsC. AfterD. Since15、 A. lostB. missedC forgottenD. known16、A. farB .
11、 fairlyC veryD more17 A. as long asB. as ifC. even ifD . now that18、A. explainedB expressedC. realizedD. announced19 A. wayB needC memoryD. response20 A. smileB. crySectionC. leaveD. escapeII Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by
12、 choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Black FridayThe day after Thanksgiving is the start of the holiday shopping season. Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday, so the day after is a Friday. This day has come to be known as Black Friday. It has been the busie
13、st shopping day of the year since 2005.Most stores offer great deals on Black Friday. They open their doors in the small hours of the morning. They try to attract shoppers with big discounts. Some items like TVs are much cheaper than usual. Stores may even lose money on these items. They hope that s
14、hoppers will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store.Black Friday is a great time to get good deals. The problem is that there are not enough low-priced items to go around. Each store may only have a few. These items are in high demand. People stand in long lines to get such great dea
15、ls. They may line up hours before a store opens. They may be hoping to get a low price on a TV or laptop, but not everyone who wants one will get one. Some people leave disappointed.The situation can be tense. Some Black Friday events have been violent. Large, eager crowds have trampled workers. Fig
16、hts have broken out over toys or people cutting in line. People have shot one another over parking spots. But most BlackFriday events are safe and fun. Still, if you plan on going, expect large crowds and a bit of pushing and shoving.So where does the name “Black Friday come from? It was first used
17、in Philadelphia in the 1950s. The police called this day Black Friday because of the heavy traffic it drew. In the 1960s, spread across the country. It seems that it is here to stay.Now people all over the country take part in the event known as Black Friday. It is even spreading to other parts of t
18、he world. Stores have held Black Friday events in the U.K., Australia, and Brazil since 2012. In Costa Rica Black Friday is known as “Viemes Negro. And in Mexico, stores offer an annual weekend of discounts. They call it “El Buen Fin J which means the good weekend in Spanish. I guess the language of
19、 savings is universal.1、Why do stores set prices so low on some items that they lose money?A. They want people to enjoy the holidays.B. They are generous at the beginning of the holiday season.C. They hope people will buy other gifts while they are in the store.D. They are trying to get rid of ole i
20、tems to the third paragraph?2、Which best concludes the main idea of the third paragraph?A. People stand in long lines on Black Friday.B. Black Friday is a really disappointing time of the year.C. Black Friday is the best time of the year to get good deals.D. Black Friday deals are limited and not ev
21、eryone will get one.3、Which best describes the overall structure of the fifth paragraph?A. Order of time.B. Problem and solution.C. Order of importance.D. Compare and contrast.4、Which title best expresses the authors purpose in writing this text?A. Black Friday: Stories from the Parking LotB. Black
22、Friday: Why You Should Go This YearC. Black Friday: The Stuff That You Should KnowD. Black Friday: How to Save Money on the Big DayText 2Whats best to read this year?Secrets I Know (Random House Childrens Books, ages 3-7)This tale written by Kallie George and pictured by Paola Zakimi follows a young
23、 girl and her little friend as they move from rain to sunshine, from pleasant loneliness to sweet friendship, and finally from adventures on earth to an exploration of the sky above. The colors of Zakimis pencildrawings are calming and Georges poetic text tells her story with simple language.Pandora
24、 (Clarion Books, ages 3-7)The award-winning author Victoria Turnbull tells the story of a little fox Pandora. Pandora lives alone. She makes herself ahandsome home, but no one ever comes to visit. Then one day something falls from the sky a bird with a broken wing. Little by little, the bird helps P
25、andora feel less lonely. TurnbulPs watercolor and colored pencil drawings make this story of friendship and growth an atmospheric delight.Prince and Pirate (G.P. Putnams Sons Books fbr Younger Readers, ages 5-8)A different kind of friendship is described in this book, by Charlotte Gunnufson with pic
26、tures by Mike Lowery. Prince and Pirate are a pair of mismatched fish put into the same aquarium (水族馆).At first it seems that theyll never learn to be friends. Its only when both take pity on a frightened dogfish that they learn the benefits of cooperation, and soon all three fish become good friend
27、s.The Giant Jumperee (Dinal Books, ages 3-5)The story was written by the award-winning British author Julia Donaldson. When Rabbit hears a loud voice bellowing (1% 叫)threateningly from inside a cave, he gathers Cat, Bear and Elephant to help him decide what to do. But its Mama Frog who fearlessly co
28、nfronts (面对)the unknown creature. Helen Oxenburys soft watercolors creat a beautiful countryside and her characterizations of the animals are impressive.1、Who pictured the book Pandora?B. Victoria Turnbull.D. Charlotte Gunnufson.B. Secrets I Know.D. The Giant Jumperee.B. Their characters are all ani
29、mals.D. They are all for younger readersA. Kallie George.C. Paola Zakimi.2、Which book tells a story about courage?A. Pandora.C. Prince and Pirate.3、What do the four books have in common?A. Their publishers are the same one.C. They all have pencil drawings.Text 3Entrepreneur and CEO of Tesla and Spac
30、e X, Elon Musk may have a little more time on his hands, as hes leaving his position on the board of the Open AI, according to a blog post.The departure is likely the result of Teslas moving into the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), which he said in 2017 would be the “best in the world“ and wo
31、uld even be able to predict your destination. Musk will continue to donate and advise the organization J Open AI said in a blog post on Feb. 20, adding that As Tesla continues to become more focused on AI, this will avoid a potential future conflict fbr Elon.Musk and Y Combiner CEO Sam Altman co-fou
32、nded the nonprofit enterprise in December 2015, its mission is to develop safe artificial general intelligence and ensure those developments are made public. Open AI researchers published a paper on the site arXiv. org. detailing the possible secure threats that come with “malicious A I. In fact, Mu
33、sk has heard of the evil AI” alarm several times. On Aug. 11, 2017, he warned that artificial intelligence poses a bigger threat to humanity, and he told a gathering of state governors that the government needs to regulate AI before robots start killing people.”Musks departure from the Open AI board
34、 could mean big things fbr Tesla. As Elon Goodbye, a financial reporter, noted on Futurism, the move could signal that Tesla is more deeply committed to their own AI projects than we thought. He added, “Those who have had their ears to any rumors that Tesla is ready to deliver vehicles capable of Le
35、vel 5 autonomy could take this new Open AI development as a sign that the company is inching closer to that unapproachable goal. No company has reached that level of autonomy, which means that a driverless car could navigate any road under any conditions and that all the human “driver“ would need to
36、 do is to input a destination.1 Why does Elon Musk leave his position?A. To create safer AL B. To build the powerful Internet.C. To develop social communication. D. To avoid a possible conflict with Tesla.2、What is the Elon Musks attitude towards the AI?A. Ambiguous. B. Negative.C. Supportive. D. Sy
37、mpathetic.3、What does the underlined word “malicious“ in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Advanced.B. Unpopular.C. Poisonous.D. Traditional.4、What can we infer from Elon Goodbye9 comments?A. Level 5 autonomy is impossible.B. The rumors about Tesla is meaningless.C. He has no confidence in Open ALD. Level 5 auton
38、omy could set human drivers free.Text 4We often seek food after focused mental activity, like preparing for an exam.Researchers guess that too much thinking consumes a lot of energy from the brain.So the brain, sensing that it may soon require more calories to keep going, apparently leads to bodily
39、hunger, and even though there has been little physical movement, we eat.The researchers note that tiring activity both increases the amount of blood sugar and lactate（孚L酸盐）circulating in the blood and increases blood flow to the head.Because the brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel, researchers wond
40、ered if the increased flow of fuelrich blood during exercise could feed a wornout brain and reduce the urge to overeat.Thirtyeight healthy college students were invited to determine their fitness and metabolic（新陈代谢）rates and to report what their favorite pizza was.Afterward, they sat quietly for 35
41、minutes before being given as much of their favorite pizza as they wanted.At a later date, the volunteers returned and spent 20 minutes making selections from college and graduate-school entrance exams.Next, half the students sat quietly for 15 minutes, before being given pizza.The rest of the volun
42、teers spent those 15 minutes doing intervals on a treadmill（跑步机）two minutes of hard running followed by about one minute of walking, repeated five times.These students were then allowed to gorge on pizza, too.But by and large, they did not overeat.When the researchers factored in（将作为因素考虑）the calorie
43、s burnt on running, they determined that those studentsactually consumed 200 fewer total calories after their brain workouts than the resting students.The researchers do not know if the runners consumed extra calories at dinner.They also cannot tell whether other types of exercise would have the sam
44、e effect as running, although the researchers say they suspect that if an activity causes someone to break into a sweat, it should also increase blood sugar and lactate, feeding the brain and weakening hungers call.1、What do we learn from the first paragraph?A. We eat for more physical movements.B.
45、A busy brain can make one hungry.C. Energy from the brain cant be used up.D. An exam results in caloric consumption most.2、What can a physical movement do?A. Increase blood flow.B. Increase the amount of blood sugar.C. Urge one to eat more.D. Make the brain tied.3、What does the underlined phrasegorg
46、e orTin paragraph 5 mean?A. Eat.B. Purchase.C. Taste.D. Obtain.4、What do the researchers want to know from the study?A. Whether brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel.B , Whether brain can be tired during exercise.C. Whether exercise can reduce eating desire.D. Whether exercise increases blood sugar.P
47、art BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A -G for each numbered paragraph （41 45）. There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）According to a recent stud
48、y, dolphins have displayed certain characteristics of human conversation in their communicationTwo dolphins, Yana and Yasha, 1(study) as they communicated with each other Researchers found that they would stop talking in order to listen to 2, the other had to say”, just like a conversation between two humans Dolphins have been known to be one of the most intelligent 3. (ani