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1、50分阅读理解提分练(四)阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2021成都市高中结业班第三次诊断VATNAJKULLNATIONALPARK, ICELANDVatnajkullNationalParkishometooneofthelargestglaciersintheworldandtwoactivevolcanoes.Itsapopularplacetoexploreicecaves.Hereyoucanexperiencethebreathtakingviewsofwat
2、erfalls, frozenriversandherdsofreindeerthroughcavetours, glacialhikesandJeepsafaris.Besttimetovisit: MaytoSeptember.ARCHAEOLOGICALRUINSOFLIANGZHUCITY, CHINADatingbackto5，300yearsago, theArchaeologicalRuinsofLiangzhuCityisconsideredasanimportantrepresentationofearlyurbancivilizationbasedonriceplantat
3、ion.ThecityruinsshowthecontributionsmadebytheYangtzeRiverBasintotheoriginsofChinesecivilization.Besttimetovisit: MarchtoMay&OctobertomidDecember.BAGAN, MYANMARLocatedonthebanksoftheAyeyarwadyRiver, BaganisthecapitaloftheancientBurmeseempireandfeaturesastunningrangeofworksofBuddhistartandarchitecture
4、.Visitorscangetthebestviewsatsunrisebytakingahotairballoonrideandwitnesshundredsofarchitecturaltreasuresasfarastheeyecanreach.Besttimetovisit: NovembertoFebruary.JAIPURCITY, INDIAThewalledcityofJaipurisoneofthemostcolourfulcitiesintheworldandpartofIndiasfamousGoldenTriangle.Thecityisfamousfornotonly
5、itspinkcolouredbuildings, butalsothehouses, shops, restaurantsandhotelswhichgiveyouafeastforcolours.Besides, youcanenjoythecityslayout, busystreetsandlargepublicsquares.Besttimetovisit: NovembertoMarch.1WhichofthefollowingisbestrecommendedinApril?ABagan.BJaipurCity.CVatnajkullNationalPark.DArchaeolo
6、gicalRuinsofLiangzhuCity.2WhatisspecialaboutBagan?AItfeaturesviewsofvolcanoes.BItisheavywithreligiousculture.CIthasahistoryofover5，000years.DItsknownforcolorfularchitecture.3Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoumostprobablyreadthistext?AGeography.BCulture.CScience.DEnvironment.B2021贵州省适应性测试WhenMaHuwaschosenf
7、orabaseballtrainingcampinBeijing, the12yearolddidnthavetheslightestideahowbaseballwasplayedorevenwhatabaseballfieldlookedlike.ThesonofamigrantworkerinNingxia, NorthwestChinadidnthaveenoughwarmthoffamily.Inthepast, hewasaheadachefortheteachersatschool, actingupintheclassandfightingwithclassmatesdurin
8、gbreaktime.“I was lost at the street crossing and got picked up by the camp people”ishowMadescribeshowhecametojointhetrainingcamprunbythePowerBaseballAngelproject.ItwaslaunchedbySunLingfeng, formercaptainofthemensnationalbaseballteam, in2015toprovideprofessionaltrainingtochildrenfrompoorhouseholdsan
9、dremoteareas.WhenMajoinedthecamp, ithadonly16boys.Theyweretoldthatthosewhocouldgetintothenationaltopthreewouldqualifyforcollegeadmission.Othergoodplayerscouldjoinprofessionalbaseballteams.Stillotherscouldworkatthebase, teachingthenewcomers.Ma, now15, hasbecomeaprofessionalbaseballplayerwithabrightfu
10、ture.Hisstory, includinghisearlydayswhenhefoughtwithhisteammatesandignoredthecoachesinstruction, ispartofanawardwinningdocumentaryToughOutontheyoungbaseballplayersatthecamp, whichwasreleasedinDecember2020.Thedocumentaryfocusesontheteamofunderprivilegedandabandonedchildrenwhostruggledtolearnanewsport
11、andbuildanewlifeforthemselveswhilefightinglowselfesteem (自尊) andpursuingtheirdreams.Itisdedicatedtopeoplewhoworkhardsilently, seizeeveryopportunityandrefusetoadmitdefeat.4WhydidSunLingfengstartthePowerBaseballAngelproject?ATopromotebaseballinbigcitiesofChina.BTotrainchildrenwhoarefondofbaseball.CTos
12、electplayersforthenationalbaseballteam.DToofferpoorkidsprofessionalbaseballtraining.5WhichwordcanbestdescribeMaHu?APromising.BIndependent.CCaring.DHonest.6Whatdoestheunderlinedword“underprivileged”inParagraph6probablymean?ANaughty.BDisadvantaged.COutgoing.DAmbitious.7Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetex
13、t?AAMovingStoryofaBaseballCampFounderBAnAwardwinningDocumentaryonBaseballCPotentialBoysFightingHardforCollegeDreamsDPoorYoungstersStayingAheadThroughBaseballC2021太原市三模Windowsareakeycomponentinabuildingsdesign, buttheyarealsotheleastenergyefficientpart.Accordingtoa2009reportbytheUnitedNations, buildi
14、ngsaccountfor40percentofglobalenergyusage, andwindowsareresponsibleforhalfofthatenergyconsumption.Ifconventionalwindowsareusedtobetterblocksunlightpassingintoabuilding, theyneedexpensivecoatings.Evenso, theycannotadjusttheindoortemperatureeffectively.ScientistsattheNanyangTechnologicalUniversity, Si
15、ngapore (NTU) havedevelopedasmartliquidwindowpanelthatcanhelp.Bycreatingamixtureofmicrohydrogel (水凝胶), water, andastabilizer, theyfoundthatitcaneffectivelyreduceenergyconsumptioninavarietyofclimates.Thankstothehydrogel, themixturebecomeshardtoseethroughwhenexposedtoheat, thusblockingsunlight, andwhe
16、ncooled, itreturnstoitsoriginal“clear”state.Thehighheatcapacityofwaterallowsalargeamountofheatenergytobestoredinsteadofgettingtransferredthroughtheglassandintothebuildingduringthehotdaytimewhenofficebuildingsmainlyoperate.Theheatwillthenbegraduallycooledandreleasedatnightwhenthestaffareofduty.Asapro
17、ofoftheconcept, thescientistsconductedoutdoortestsinhot (SingaporeCity, Guangzhou) andcold (Beijing) environments.TheSingaporeCitytestrevealedthatthesmartliquidwindowhadalowertemperature (50) duringthehottesttimeoftheday (atnoon) comparedtothetemperatureofanormalglasswindow (84).TheBeijingtestsshowe
18、dthattheroomusingthesmartliquidwindowconsumed11percentlessenergytomaintainthesametemperaturecomparedtotheroomwithanormalglasswindow.Theyalsomeasuredwhenthehighestvalueofstoredheatenergyofthedayoccurred.This“temperature peak”inthenormalglasswindowwas2pm, andinthesmartliquidwindowitwasshiftedto3pm.Ift
19、histemperaturepeakshiftleadstoashiftinthetimewhenabuildingneedstodrawonelectricalpowertocoolorwarmthebuilding, itshouldresultinlowerenergychargesforusers.Theresearchteamisseekingwaystocutdownthecostofproducingthesmartwindowandsofar, theyhavefoundseveralindustrypartnerstocommercializeit.8Whatisthedis
20、advantageofconventionalwindows?ATheyareexpensive.BTheyarenotheatproof.CTheycontributelesstoenergysaving.DTheycantblocklightintothebuilding.9Howdoesasmartliquidwindowpanelworktocoolbuildings?ABytakinginmuchofheatenergy.BByreturningtoitsoriginalclearstate.CBygettingmostofsunlighttransferred.DByspreadi
21、ngsunlightindifferentdirections.10AccordingtoParagraph3, whatisthevalueofthetemperaturepeakshift?AItwillmakethewindowslonglasting.BItcouldhelpthebuildingusersreducecosts.CItmakesthebuildingsrelyonnoelectricalpower.DIthelpsthewindowsmaintainaconstanttemperature.11Whatcanweexpectofthesmartwindowinthef
22、uture?AItwillbeunaffordable.BItneedstobefurtherimproved.CItwillbewidelyusedinthecity.DItwillcomeintothemarketsoon.D2021成都市高三第二次诊断Onascaleof0to10, Idsaymyhappinessranksatabout6.ImgladtoknowIma6, because, asafamousmanagementsayingputsit, “You cant manage what you dont measure.”Ifyouwanttoimproveanaspe
23、ctofyourlife, youneedtobeabletoassessprogresstowardyourgoalandthatmeansmeasuringitThegoalofthiscolumnistohelpyoumanageandimproveyourhappiness.Anumberofpeoplehaveaskedmewhetherquantitativehappinessmeasuresarereallyaccurateandreliableanditsareasonablequestion.Soletstakealookbehindthecurtain.Butnotjust
24、forintellectualcuriosity; asyouwillsee, understandingthemeasurementofhappinesscanmakeyoubetteratimprovingyourownwellbeingandavoidsomecriticalerrors.Thebestmethodscientistshavetounderstandwithconfidencehowsomethingaffectssomethingelseisarandomized, controlledtrial.Thinkofthetestscurrentlyunderwaytofi
25、ndavaccineforCOVID19.Theytakealongtimebecausethedrugcompanieswithtrialvaccinesareconductingexperimentsthatrandomlyassignpeopletoatreatmentgroup (theygetthevaccine) andacontrolgroup (theygetaplacebo), andthenwaitingtoseeifthedrugiseffectiveandsafebycomparingthetwogroupsafterenoughtimehaspassed.Inther
26、esearchonhappiness, thisusuallyisntpossible.WanttoknowifpeopleinDenmarkaretrulythehappiest, assomestudiessuggest, andtestitwitharandomizedexperiment? Youwouldneedtorandomlytaketwogroupsoutoftheirhomes, moveonegrouptoCopenhagen, andtheotherto, say, Dayton, OhiobutmakesuretheythinkitmightbeCopenhagena
27、ndnevergetthetruth.Followupafewyearslatertoseewhoishappier.Obviously, thatsridiculous.Sowithrandomizedcontrolledtrialslargelynotavailabletothem, happinessresearchersinsteadrelyonselfreportedhappinesssurveys, wherelargegroupsofpeopleanonymouslyreporttheirlevelsoflifesatisfaction.Then, theresearchersu
28、sefairlycomplexstatisticaltechniquestomimic (模仿) acontrolledexperimentinordertoshowhowdifferentaspectsofpeopleslivesaffectoratleastareassociatedwiththeirhappiness.12Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph1probablyreferto?AAnaspectoflife.BOnesgoal.CHappiness.DProgress.13WhyisthetestofCOVID19vaccinem
29、entionedinParagraph3?ATointroducealatestmedicalbreakthrough.BToshowthedifficultyinfindingthevaccine.CToillustratetheprocessofrandomizedexperiments.D.Toprovetheimpossibilityofrandomizedresearchonhappiness.14Whyisithardtoconductresearchonhappinesswithrandomizedexperiments?ATheexperimenttakesalongtime.
30、BItisdifficulttoanalyzethedatacollected.CItisimpossibletocarryouttheprocessstrictly.DThesubjectsareunwillingtosharetheirfeelings.15Whereisthistexttakenfrom? AAmagazine.BAdiary.CAnovel.DAtextbook.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2021潍坊市高三统一考试Youcanrunprettymuchanywher
31、e, withprettymuchnoequipment.Soitmustbeeasytostartjustputonefootinfrontoftheother, fight?Notquite.Startinganewtrainingprogram, likemostthings, issteppingintoanunfamiliararea._16_Mostpeoplestartouttoohard, whichleadstounnecessarytirednessandpossibleinjury; ortheyjustburnthemselvesout, feelingthatthel
32、astthingtheywanttodoisgooutforanotherheavy, painfulrun.Gettingthroughthatearlyperiodisthekeytobothrunningsbenefitsandpleasures._17_Youmaywanttostartrunningtomakeyourheartstronger, toupyourenduranceforothersports, orevenjusttofitintoyourtuxagain.Thoseareallworthygoalsandsettingthemisthevaluableaidtog
33、ettingwhereyouwanttogo.Ifyoulikeachallenge, yourgoalmightberunningthelocal5k, orsomethingmoreambitious, likefinishingaToughMudderobstaclerunorqualifyingfortheBostonMarathon.Atypicalbeginnerwhotrainsproperlywithoutoverdoingitcansafelyfinisha5kafteraboutthreemonths._18_Whateveryoudecidetoaimfor, commi
34、ttingtoitwillhelpyourprogressgreatly._19_Whileashort, easyrunafewtimesaweekisbetterthanhavingnorun, itsnotnearlyasexcitingaslookingupatthenreachingthenextlevel.Thendontgetaheadofyourself._20_Andgraduallyyoucanbecomeagoodrunbeginner.AFigureoutwhyyourerunning.BThenewtrainingprogramwillpayoff.CAnditisp
35、ossibleforhimtotakepartinamarathonafterayear.DOtherwiseyoutendtomakenofurtherprogress.EThatisaremarkableachievementforarunbeginner.FYoushouldresisttheurgetoruntoohard, toomuch, ortoooften.GYoureeagerbutunsure, excitedbutpotentiallyeasytomakeerrors.50分阅读理解提分练（四）阅读理解第一节A语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会历史、社会与文化旅游景点【文
36、章大意】本文介绍了中外值得一游的四个著名的旅游景点，包括这些景点的地理位置、特色、最佳旅游时间等。1答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。将题干关键词bestrecommendedinApril与文中四个景点的最佳旅游时间相对应，由ARCHAEOLOGICALRUINSOFLIANGZHUCITY, CHINA部分尾句“Besttimetovisit: MarchtoMay&OctobertomidDecember”可知，四月份是中国良渚文化遗址的最佳旅游时间，故D项正确。2答案与解析：B考查理解具体信息的能力。根据题干关键词Bagan可定位至BAGAN，MYANMAR部分，根据该部分第一句可
37、知，蒲甘以一系列令人印象深刻的佛教艺术和建筑为特色。据此可知，蒲甘的特别之处在于其浓厚的宗教文化，故B项正确。3答案与解析：A考查推断的能力。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中外值得一游的四个著名的旅游景点，包括这些景点的地理位置、特色、最佳旅游时间等，据此可以判断，本文最有可能摘自杂志中的地理版块，故A项正确。B语篇类型：新闻报道主题语境：人与自我人物故事贫穷少年通过棒球领先【文章大意】本文主要以一名来自宁夏的流动工人的孩子马虎被孙岭峰创办的“强棒天使项目”选中去接受棒球训练，并从一位令老师头疼、与同学打架的调皮男孩成长为一名前途光明的职业棒球选手的故事为例，介绍了贫穷少年通过棒球领先的事情。4
38、答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据题干中的“the Power Baseball Angel project”定位至文章第三段，根据第三段中的“It was launched.to provide professional training to children from poor households and remote areas”可知，孙岭峰创办“强棒天使项目”的目的是给来自贫困家庭和偏远地区的孩子提供专业的棒球训练，故D项正确。5答案与解析：A考查推断的能力。根据第五段中的“Ma, now 15, has become a professional baseball pla
39、yer with a bright future”可知，马虎是一个有光明前景的职业棒球选手，故A项promising“有希望的；有前途的；有出息的”正确。6答案与解析：B考查理解词汇的能力。分析画线词所在句的句子结构可知，画线词与and后面的abandoned“被遗弃的；被抛弃的”形成并列，再结合第三段最后一句中的“children from poor households and remote areas”可推知，画线词的含义应与“disadvantaged（弱势的；社会地位低下的）”的含义最为接近，故B项正确。7答案与解析：D考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。本文主要以一名来自宁夏的流动工人的孩
40、子马虎被孙岭峰创办的“强棒天使项目”选中去接受棒球训练，并成长为一名前途光明的职业棒球选手的故事为例，介绍了“贫穷少年通过棒球领先”的事情，故D项适合作本文的标题。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然环保建材智能液体窗户【文章大意】本文主要讲述了新加坡南洋理工大学的科学家们发明了一种智能液体窗户，这种窗户不仅环保，还能帮用户节约费用。8答案与解析：C考查推断的能力。根据第一段中的“Windowsareakeycomponentinabuildingsdesign, buttheyarealsotheleastenergyefficientpart”可以推断，传统窗户不是非常节能，故C项正确。9
41、答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“The high heat capacity of water allows a large amount of heat energy to be stored instead of getting transferred through the glass and into the building during the hot daytime when office buildings mainly operate”可知，智能液体窗户面板可以吸收很多热量，故A项正确。10答案与解析：B考查推断的能力。根据最后一段中的“If this
42、temperature peak shift leads to a shift in the time when a building needs to draw on electrical power to cool or warm the building, it should result in lower energy charges for users”可以推断，高温峰值转换就意味着用户的能源费用可以减少点，故B项正确。11答案与解析：D考查推断的能力。根据最后一段中的“The research team is seeking ways to cut down the cost of
43、 producing the smart window and so far, they have found several industry partners to commercialize it”可以推断，在不久的将来我们可以在市场上看到智能液体窗户，故D项正确。D语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我日常生活幸福可以测量吗【文章大意】如果你想要改善你生活的一个方面，你需要能够评估你的目标所取得的进展，这意味着测量它。但是用随机对照实验测量幸福是不可能的，本文介绍了不能用随机对照实验测量幸福的原因以及研究者测量幸福的方法。12答案与解析：D考查理解词汇的能力。根据画线词所在句中的“youn
44、eedtobeabletoassessprogresstowardyourgoalandthatmeansmeasuringit”可知，it指代progress，故选D项。13答案与解析：C考查理解目的的能力。根据第三段第一句可知，科学家自信地理解一件事如何影响另一件事最好的办法是随机对照实验，接下来作者用新冠疫苗实验的例子来说明随机对照实验的过程，故选C项。14答案与解析：C考查推断的能力。根据第四段内容尤其是“In the research on happiness, this usually isnt possible”“thats ridiculous”可推知，用随机对照实验测量幸福是
45、不可能的。15答案与解析：A考查理解文章类型的能力。通读全文可知，本文介绍了不能用随机对照实验测量幸福的原因以及研究者测量幸福的方法；再结合第二段首句中的“this column”也可知，这篇文章可能来自杂志。故选A项。第二节语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我运动如何成为一名优秀的新手跑步者【文章大意】跑步这种运动几乎可以不需要任何装备在任何地点进行，那么这意味着一只脚迈到另一只脚前面就可以开始了吗？并不是这样的，开始跑步就踏入了不熟悉的领域，很容易出错，你需要清楚自己运动的目的，同时还要投入，否则就不会有太大的进展，而且还要循序渐进，才能成为一名优秀的新手跑步者。16答案与解析：G考查上下文
46、衔接。空前一句讲的是开始一个新的训练项目，就是进入了一个不熟悉的领域中；空后一句讲的是大部分人跑得太猛，导致疲惫、可能的受伤或者累垮，跑步成了他们最不想要做的事。故G项承上启下，符合语境。17答案与解析：A考查段落主旨句。本段主要讲的是跑步者跑步的原因，故选A项（弄明白你为什么跑步）。18答案与解析：C考查上下文衔接。根据空前所述的一个典型的新手跑步者若进行适当训练的话，约三个月后就可以毫无风险地跑5公里可知，C项（一年后他参加马拉松是可能的）承接上句，故选C项。19答案与解析：D考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲的是无论你的目的是什么，全心全意地投入它将极大地帮你取得进步；故D项（要不然你往往不会取得更大的进步）承接上文，符合语境，故选D项。20答案与解析：F考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲的是不要操之过急，空后一句讲的是渐渐地你可以成为一名优秀的新手跑步者。故F项（你应该抵制这种强烈的欲望，不能跑得太猛，量太大或太频繁）承上启下，符合语境，故选F项。