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1、50分阅读理解提分练(五)阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2021成都市高中毕业班第二次诊断性检测TrainingforSavingFirstAidatWork3days279Suitableforpeopleaged16whomightneedtoprovidefirstaidbyrespondingtoawiderangeofaccidents, injuriesandillnessesthattheycouldencounterintheirworkplace.Ideal
2、fororganizationswhoseneedsassessmenthasidentifiedarequirementforadditionalfirstaidtraining, especiallythosehavingemployeeswithadisabilityoramedicalcondition.Lunchbreaks.Theclassroomsetting.Certificatestoissue.AEDwithLifeSupport2days107Arightchoiceforpeopleover16whowanttolearnhowtouseanautomatedexter
3、naldefibrillator (AED).Firstaidforunresponsiveadultsinaddition.CurrentlyavailableatourLondon, EdinburghandReadingvenues; however, youcanorganizeatrainingsessionforagroupofupto15peopleatyourworkplacebyrequestingagroupbooking.Certificatesvalidforthreeyears.FirstAidforTeachersTraining1day50Speciallydes
4、ignedforthoseworkinginaschoolenvironmentandwishingtohavethefirstaidskillstoactinanemergency.Idealforteachersandotherschoolstaffover16.Firstaidskillstohelpachildwhoisunresponsiveandbreathingornotbreathing, choking, havinganallergicreactionoraheadinjury.Notqualifythelearnertoactasafirstaider.FireMarsh
5、alTraining4days364Takethisifyouareover16andresponsibleforfiresafetyorappointedfiremarshalsintheworkplace.Cometounderstandhowafirestartsandspreads; howtoassessandmanagetheserisks; andhowtousefirefightingequipment.Youmustbephysicallyabletocarryoutthepracticalelementsofthecourse.Roleplay.Classroomenvir
6、onment.Certificates.1WhatcanbelearntinthecourseAEDwithLifeSupport?AStepstodealwithmassiveinjuries.BTheprocessofpreventingaterriblefire.COperationofcertainmedicalequipment.DTreatmentforanadultsmentalproblems.2Whichcoursecoststhemostperday?AFirstAidatWork.BAEDwithLifeSupport.CFirstAidforTeachersTraini
7、ng.DFireMarshalTraining.3Whatdothefourcourseshaveincommon?AProvidingcertificatesfortrainees.BHavingthesamerequirementforage.COfferingadiscountforagroupbooking.DTakingmorethanonedayforpeopletocompletethem.B2021大连市高三双基测试卷Lookingbackisawonderfulthing.Itallowsyoutoseewhathasledyouhereand, hopefully, how
8、societyhaschangedandimproved.Take, forinstance, mycareergoal.First, Iwanted, in1999, tobea“farmer”，soonarchaeologist, thendrivinginstructorandsomewherealongtheway, footballer.Ihadgrownupinafootballlovingfamily.IremembertheexactmomentwhenIsaid“Im sad I cant be a footballer”whilewatchingthegamewithDad
9、asapreteen.Heaskedwhynot.“Because Im not a boy.”Heimmediatelyresponded, “You can, if you want to.”“Yeah, Isupposeso，”Isighed, “but no one watches womens football.”Lookingback, IcanseeexactlywhyIfeltlikethat.Atschool, therewasanunwrittenrulethatsportslikehockeyandnetballwere“girl”sportsandrugbyandfoo
10、tballwerefortheboys.IdneverseenawomensfootballmatchonTV.Yousee, youcantbewhatyoucantsee, andlackofrepresentationleads, atbest, tomisunderstanding, andatworst, fearandnegativeopinions.Today, theLionessestookonScotlandintheWorldCup, andpeopleacrosstheworldtunedin.But, althoughwomensfootballisoneofFIFA
11、sbestinvestments, themajorityoffemaleplayersareearningunderafairwage.Somearguethatthatsbecauseviewingstatisticsarelowerthanthoseofmens, buttheriseinsupportshowsthedemandisthere.Hopefully, moreinvestmentwillpushfemalefootballforward.Today, IllbecheeringontheLionesses, becauseitllmeantalented, skillfu
12、lfemalefootballersbeingbroadcastintomillionsofhomesandmaybe, justmaybe, alittlegirlbelievingthatshecanalsobeaLionessoneday.4Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthorscareergoals?ARealistic.BChangeable.CConsistent.DLongsought.5Whydidnttheauthorbelieveshecouldbeafootballer?AShewasnottalentedenough.BPe
13、oplelostfaithinwomensfootball.CGirlswereforbiddentoplayfootball.DShehadnoexampletofollow.6WhatcanweknowaboutwomensfootballfromParagraph5?AItsbetterpaidthanmens.BItisincreasinglypopular.CIthasnomarketdemand.DItisnotprofitable.7Whatdoesthetextmainlywanttotellus?ASocietyadvanceswithtime.BWomendeserveeq
14、ualrights.CEachgoalisworthpursuing.DHardworkalwayspaysoff.C2021武汉市高三起点质量检测Whenyoureallyloveabook, orhavejustscoredanewonethatyouredyingtoread, itcanbeexcitingtopickupasmooth, shinyhardcovercopythatcreaksalittlebitwhenyouopenit.Butthosehardcoverbookscanbeheavy, andnewonesarentcheap, either.Sometimes,
15、 youdjustratherhaveaportablepaperbackbutifitsanewbookyoureafter, youmighthavetowaitafullyearorsotogetitinpaperbackform.Whyarebooksreleasedashardcoversfirst?Notsolongago, hardcoverbooksweretheonlytypeofbooks.Beforetheappearanceofmassproduction, printrunswerelimited, andbookswerehardboundandexpensive.
16、Aroundthe1930s, thatchangedwiththeproductionofmassproducedpaperbackbooks, whichagreedwithahugesurgeinreadingasaleisureactivityaroundWorldWar.Paperbackbooksweremoreaffordableandcheapertoproduce, whichstillholdstruetoday.Despitetheseemingadvantagesofpaperbacks, thereareseveralreasonswhythehardcoverhas
17、persisted (持续存在).Becauseofitshistory, itconveysabitmorelegitimacy (正统性) inthebookworldthanthepaperbackdoes.“Thehardbackisamarkofquality.itshowsbooksellersandreviewersthatthisisabookworthpayingattentionto，”PhilipJones, editoratTheBookseller, explainstoTheGuardian.Butthemajorreasonwhybookscomeoutashar
18、dcoversisthatpeoplebuythem, despitetheirhighercost.TheEconomistcomparesittomoviesbeingreleasedintheatersseveralmonthsbeforetheyarriveonDVD.“Justasfilmfansliketoseefilmsonthebigscreen, collectorsenjoythehardcoverssuperiorquality，”accordingtoTheEconomist.Andbecausetheyreprofitable, publisherscangainmo
19、refromhardcovers, which“willoftensellattwicethepriceoftheirpaperbackequivalent (对应物) butdonotcosttwiceasmuchtoproduce，”Jonesexplains.8WhatcanwelearnabouthardcoverbooksfromParagraph1?ATheyappealtorealbooklovers.BTheyareheavybutnotexpensive.CTheytakealongtimetocomeout.DTheyarenotpreferredbybooklovers.
20、9Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surge”inParagraph2mean?ADrop.BSuccess.CBlow.DIncrease.10Whyarehardcoverbooksstillprintedtoday?ATheyarebrilliantlyedited.BTheyareworthcollecting.CTheyconveycorrectinformation.DTheysellbetterthanpaperbacks.11Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?ATointroducehardcoverbooks.BTopres
21、entanewsocialfinding.CToexplainaconfusingproblem.DToencouragepeopletoreadbooks.D2021南昌市一模Ajointresearchteamrecentlyhavedevelopedanewelectronicskinthatissimilartohumanskininstrength, durability (耐久性) andsensitivity.Theskinoreskinmayplayanimportantroleinnextgenerationpersonalizedmedicine, softrobotics
22、andartificialintelligence.“Theidealeskinwillmimic (模仿) themanynaturalfunctionsofhumanskin, suchassensingtemperatureandthetouch, accuratelyandinrealtime，”saysleadingresearcherYichenCai.However, makingsuitablyflexibleelectronicsthatcanperformsuchdelicatetaskswhilealsousedrepeatedlyischallenging, andea
23、chmaterialinvolvedmustbecarefullyengineered.Mosteskinsaremadebyputtinganactivesensoronthesurfacethatattachestohumanskin.However, theconnectionbetweenthemisoftentooweak, whichreducesthedurabilityandsensitivityofthematerial; otherwise, ifitistoostrong, itwontbeflexibleenough, makingitmorelikelytobreak
24、thecircuit.“Thelandscapeofskinelectronicskeepsshiftingataremarkablepace，”saysCai.“The discovery of 2D sensors has accelerated efforts to turn these quite thin but strong materials into functional, durable artificial skins.”Thenewmanmadeskinbuiltbytheresearcherscouldsenseobjectsfrom20centimetersaway.
25、Itcouldfurthermakeaquickresponsewhentouchedinlessthanonetenthofasecond.“Itisastrikingachievementforaneskintomaintaintoughnessafterrepeateduse，”saidJieShen, thecolleagueofCai, “which mimics the softness and rapid recovery of human skin.”Thistypeofeskincouldmonitorarangeofbiologicalinformation, suchas
26、changesinbloodpressure, whichcanbedetectedfrommovementsofarmsandlegs.ThisdatacanthenbesharedandstoredonthecloudviaWiFi.“Oneremainingproblemtothewidespreaduseofeskinsliesinmassproductionofhighresolutionsensors，”addsgroupleaderVincentTung.“However, the latest technology offers new promise.”12Whatsthef
27、eatureoftheneweskin?AItcanstoreinformation.BItsquitehardandtough.CItsflexibleandsensitive.DItcanreplacehumanskin.13Whydoestheauthormention“Mosteskins”inParagraph3?ATostressthechallengesofmakingeskin.BTointroducethepopularityofeskins.CToshowtheprocessofmakingeskins.DTocomparethesimilaritiesbetweenesk
28、ins.14Whatcantheneweskindo?AAdjustthebloodpressure.BRecoverthewoundedskin.CWorkasaremotecontroller.DSensetheoutsidetemperature.15Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?AABreakthroughinHighTechnologyBManmadeSkinImprovedCEskin, aPromisingBusinessDTheWidespreadUseofEskin第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出
29、能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2021重庆市七校联考Toachievesomethinginlife, youwillneedtoidentifyimportantlifegoalsandcreateaplanofaction.Goalachievementinvolvesclarityofpurpose, continueddetermination, andarewardsystemthatkeepsyouonyourintendedpath._16_Clarifyyourlifegoals.Youmaybeenthusiasticaboutobtaininganadva
30、nceddegree, startingafamily, creatingasuccessfulbusinessorwritingabook.Askyourselfwhatreallymakesyouhappyandtrytofollowyourhappiness.Recognizeyourstrengths.Itisabadideatofollowalifesuggestionjustbecausesomeonetellsyouto.However, otherpeoplewillbeabletorecognizeyourstrengthsthatyouoftencannotrecogniz
31、einafairway._17_Trytosuityourgoalstoyourstrengths.Forexample, ifyouaregoodatdrawing, thinkaboutcareersinvisualdesign._18_Thatdoesntmeanyoushoulddevoteyourselftobeinganartistoranovelist, whichcanbedifficultcareers.Butyoushouldconsiderothercareersthatcallfortheseskills, likeadvertising, architecture,
32、design, orlaw._19_Forexample, youmighthaveaninnovativebusinessconcept, butnotenoughcapitaltogetitofftheground.Itisimpracticaltogetintosportsorsomeprofessionalcareerspastacertainage.Talktopeoplewhohavefollowedtherouteyouarefavoringtodetermineifitisanavailableoptionforyou.Haveconfidence._20_Thinkabout
33、youraccomplishments.Practicebodylanguagethatshowsconfidence.Onceyoudeveloptheconfidencetoactandbesuccessful, yourconfidencewillnaturallygrowwithyouraccomplishments.ARemovetheblocksthatdragyoudown.BIdentifyblocksthatmayaffectyourgoal.CItssignificanttobeambitiousandhardworking.DMostimportantly, itrequ
34、iresagoalthatkeepsyouinspired.EListentowhattheysayaboutyourstrengthsandweaknesses.FStudiesshowthatyourconfidenceisasimportantasyouractualqualifications.GIfyouaregoodatwriting, considerhowyoucanmakeuseofthatinyourowncareer.50分阅读理解提分练（五）阅读理解第一节A语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会社会生活四个救助培训课程【文章大意】本文介绍了四个救助培训课程：FirstAid
35、atWork，AEDwithLifeSupport, FirstAidforTeachersTraining, FireMarshalTraining以及课程的价格、适合的人群和特点等。1答案与解析：C考查理解具体信息的能力。根据AEDwithLifeSupport中的“whowanttolearnhowtouseanautomatedexternaldefibrillator（AED）”并结合常识可知，AED是一种医疗设备，故选C项。2答案与解析：A考查计算的能力。根据每一个项目的持续时间和价格可知，FirstAidatWork每天的价格是279393英镑；AEDwithLifeSuppor
36、t每天的价格是107253.5英镑；FirstAidforTeachersTraining每天的价格是50英镑；FireMarshalTraining每天的价格是364491英镑，故FirstAidatWork每天的费用最高。3答案与解析：B考查理解具体信息的能力。根据FirstAidatWork中的“Suitableforpeopleaged16”，AEDwithLifeSupport中的“A right choice for people over 16”，FirstAidforTeachersTraining中的“Ideal for teachers and other school s
37、taff over 16”，FireMarshalTraining中的“Take this if you are over 16”可知，这四个课程学习者的年龄都须在16岁以上，故选B。B语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会社会进步个人梦想和时代发展【文章大意】该文讲述了作者小时候想要做女足球运动员，但是鲜有榜样可循，作者放弃了这一梦想。近年来随着时代的发展和社会的进步，女足得到了很大的发展，这意味着有足球梦想的女孩可以追求梦想。4答案与解析：B考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“First, Iwanted, in1999, tobeafarmer，soonarchaeologist, th
38、endrivinginstructorandsomewherealongtheway, footballer”可知，作者的职业目标一直在变化，故B项正确。5答案与解析：D考查推断的能力。根据第四段中的“IdneverseenawomensfootballmatchonTV.Yousee，youcantbewhatyoucantsee”可以推断，作者没有在电视上看到过女性足球比赛，没有榜样可循，因此认为自己不能成为一名足球运动员，故D项正确。6答案与解析：B考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第五段中的“but the rise in support shows the demand is there”
39、可知，对女足的资助增多表明对女足有需求，由此可知B项正确。7答案与解析：A考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。本文的中心句为“It allows you to see what has led you here and, hopefully, how society has changed and improved”。文章以作者想成为一名女足球运动员，却由于没有榜样可循而放弃切入话题，文章后半部分讲随着时代的发展，社会在进步，女足得到了更多的投资和关注，所以这篇文章主要想告诉我们随着时代的发展，社会在进步，故A项正确。C语篇类型：议论文主题语境：人与社会文化精装书受欢迎的原因【文章大意】精装书虽然价格
40、昂贵，但是它体现了产品的高质量，加上利润较高，所以始终有一定的市场。8答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段第一句“When you really love a book, or have just scored a new one that youre dying to read, it can be exciting to pick up a smooth, shiny hardcover copy that creaks a little bit when you open it”可知，如果你的确很喜欢一本书，或者刚刚得到一本你非常想读的新书，拿起那光滑、闪亮的精装本是一件令人
41、兴奋的事；据此可知，精装书吸引真正的读书爱好者，故A项正确。9答案与解析：D考查理解词汇的能力。根据画线词上文可知，不久之前精装书是书的唯一形式，它价格昂贵，而随着批量生产出现，这种情况改变了，平装书被生产出来，这一变化与二战时期以阅读为消遣娱乐的人数激增的情况相一致。由此可知，画线词意为“（数量的）急剧上升，激增”，与increase意思相近。10答案与解析：B考查理解具体信息的能力。根据尾段第三句中的“Just as film fans like to see films on the big screen, collectors enjoy the hardcovers superior
42、 quality”可知，就像影迷喜欢在大银幕上看电影一样，收藏者也喜欢精装书的高品质。据此可知，精装书至今仍在生产的原因是它们值得收藏，受收藏者欢迎，故B项正确。11答案与解析：C考查理解目的的能力。通读全文可知，本文主要论述了精装书仍然受欢迎的原因，据此可知，本文旨在解释一个令人困惑的问题，故C项正确。D语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会科学与技术新型电子皮肤问世【文章大意】一种新型电子皮肤成功问世，它在强度、耐久性和灵敏度方面都与人类皮肤相似。该产品可能在个性化医疗、人工智能等方面发挥重要作用。12答案与解析：C考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段第一句可知，这种新型电子皮肤在强度、耐久性和
43、灵敏度方面都与人类皮肤相似。故C项正确。13答案与解析：A考查推断的能力。根据第二段尾句可知，要制造出既能执行如此精细的任务，又能反复使用的具有适当柔性的电子产品是一项挑战，而且所涉及的每种材料都必须经过精心设计；结合第三段内容可知，大多数电子皮肤都是通过把主动式传感器放置在与人体皮肤有关联的表面上制成的。但是，它们之间的连接往往太弱，降低了材料的耐久性和敏感性，或者，如果太强，它就不够灵活，使它更有可能破坏电路。据此可知，作者提及大多数电子皮肤旨在强调制作电子皮肤的挑战性。故A项正确。14答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段第一句可知，理想的电子皮肤将准确、实时地模拟人类皮肤的许
44、多自然功能，比如感知温度和触碰。故D项正确。15答案与解析：B考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知，文章第一段第一句为全文的主旨句，结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种新研制的电子皮肤，该皮肤在强度、耐久性和灵敏度方面都与人类皮肤相似，而之前的大多数电子皮肤的耐久性和灵敏度较弱，据此可知，B项最适合作本文标题。第二节语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会社会生活目标实现【文章大意】本文介绍了目标实现的要求和方法。16答案与解析：D考查上下文衔接。空前一句说明了目标实现的要求，D项介绍了目标实现的进一步要求，D项中的it指代上句中的“Goal achievement”，所以选D项。17答案与解析
45、：E考查上下文衔接。空前一句提到其他人能以恰当的方式认识到你自己通常不能认识到的长处，E项“听他们是怎么说你的长处和不足的”衔接上文，符合语境。18答案与解析：G考查上下文衔接。根据空后一句中的“being an artist or a novelist”并结合空前一句的例子“if you are good at drawing, think about careers in visual design”可推知，空处应列举了如果在写作方面有优势的话可以怎么做，所以选G项。19答案与解析：B考查段落小标题。结合空处所在位置和文章结构可知，空处为段落小标题。结合本段内容可知，本段主要讲到目标实现过程中的障碍，故B项“找出可能影响你的目标的障碍”适合作本段小标题。20答案与解析：F考查上下文衔接。根据本段小标题可知，本段内容与自信有关，F项说明了自信的重要性，所以选F项。