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1、2:非谓语动词常考考点:主动被动doingbeing donehaving donehave been doneto doto be doneto have doneto have been done1.(2020全国II卷)They represent the earth (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.【答案】coming【解析】考查非谓语动词。主句为they represent the earth and best wishes,可判断设空处为非谓语动词,且the earth与come back为主谓关系,可知
2、此处需填现在分词,作the earth的宾语补足语,强调一段时间内正在进行的动作,故填coming。2.(2020全国II卷)They make great gifts and you see them many times (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.【答案】decorated【解析】考查非谓语动词。主句为you see them,可判断设空处为非谓语动词,them代指前文orange trees,与decorate为动宾关系,可知应用过去分词,作后置定语,故填decorated。3.(2020全国II
3、卷)They are easy (care) for and make great presents.【答案】to care【解析】考查非谓语动词。sth. is easy to do,表示某事容易,且此处为动词不定式表示被动,故填to care。4.(2020全国III卷)The next morning he hired a boat and set out (find) the well-known painter.【答案】to find【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:第二天早上,他租了一条船,出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示出发去做某事应用短语set out to do sth.,后
4、跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。5.(2020全国III卷)And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.【答案】surrounding【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当他看到雾气从河上升起,山顶上乌云环绕,他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知,the soft clouds (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语,surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式,
5、与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系,故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。6.(2019全国II卷)When we got a call _(say)she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke.【答案】saying【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知,此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语,解释名词call的内容,call与say是主动关系,故填saying。7.(2019全国I卷)Scientists have responded by (note) that hungry bears may be congregati
6、ng(聚集) around human settlements.【答案】noting【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知,此处用动名词主动形式,故填noting。8.(2019浙江卷)When the children are walking or _(cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them.【答案】cycling【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时,汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分,根据or前的walking可知,此处要用cycling。故填cycl
7、ing。9.(2019浙江卷)But some students didnt want (wear) the uniform.【答案】to wear【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:但是,有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth想要做某事,这是want的固定用法。故填to wear。10.(2020江苏卷单项选择)Technological innovations, good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.A. combined withB. combining withC. having combined wi
8、thD. to be combined with【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合,将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:be combined with“与结合/联合”,本句中省略be动词,使用过去分词做状语。故选A。11.(2020天津卷单项选择)_ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.A. To helpB. HelpedC. HelpingD. Being helped【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了帮助我们准备考试,老师建议通读我们
9、的笔记。分析句子结构可知,老师建议我们诵读笔记是为了帮助我们准备考试。故表目的,应用动词不定式。故选A。12.(2020天津卷单项选择)The dancers incredible performance had the audience on its feet _ for 10 minutes at the end of the show.A. being clappedB. clapC. clappedD. clapping【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:舞蹈演员令人难以置信的表演使观众站起来鼓掌达十分钟之久。该题中,have表示“使处于状态”。_ for 10 minutes作伴
10、随状语,其逻辑主语the audience和clap之间是主动关系,故用现在分词。故选D。【技巧点拨】当句中已有谓语动词又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列,该动词就是非谓语动词。此时,就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式。如作主语或宾语,就用动名词(表一般意义)或不定式形式(表具体意义);作目的状语或在形容词后作状语,用不定式;作伴随状语或作定语,要根据与逻辑主语的关系,用现在分词或过去分词;有时也要根据句式搭配来确定,如see/hear/notice sb.do/doing sth.,spend doing sth.等。具体解题技巧如下:第一步:若句中已有谓语,也不是作并列谓语时,应为非谓语动词。第二步:根据非谓语动词在句中所作句子成分、句式的特殊要求,或某些词语的特殊要求,确定用哪种非谓语动词形式。如作目的状语一般用不定式形式,作主语或宾语用ing形式或不定式,在enjoy,finish等动词后作宾语用ing形式,在decide,refuse等动词后作宾语要用不定式形式等等。第三步:确定非谓语动词与其逻辑主语是主动还是被动关系。第四步:根据非谓语动词的动作与谓语动词的动作发生的先后关系确定用一般式还是用完成式。