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1、9：语法填空专训（2020全国I卷）China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Change-4 probe(探测器) the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moons far side is 62 (extreme) cha
2、llenging. Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot
3、 of deep craters(环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 67 (mean) we have t
4、he chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct).” Data about the moons composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.【答案】61. touched62. extremely63. where64. interest65. tha
5、n66. to find 67. means 68. is constructed69. much 70. its【解析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了中国成功地将无人驾驶的嫦娥四号探测器发射至月球。61.考查动词。根据句子结构分析可知此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语last week可知此处应用一般过去时，故填touched。62.考查形容词。根据句子成分分析可知此处需要用副词修饰形容词challenging，故填extremely。63.考查定语从句。分析句子可知，从句“it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth”不缺主谓宾，缺状语，而先
6、行词spot为地点，故填where。64.考查名词。根据be of+名词相当于形容词的结构，可知此处应用名词，故填interest。65.考查介词。根据句子中more可知此处应该用比较级，故填than。66.考查非谓语动词。此处应用不定式表示目的，故填to find。67.考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，此处为陈述一般事实，故用一般现在时，且主语为it，故填means。68.考查时态语态和主谓一致。根据句子成分分析可知，此句同上一句的时态，且moon与construct为被动关系，故填is constructed。69.考查固定搭配。how much：多少，故填much。70.考查代词。分析
7、句子可知，此处指它的计划，名词plans可知空格处应用it的形容词性物主代词，故填its。（2020山东卷）Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until
8、it got too big 37 until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38 (form) the core collection of the British Museum 39 opened in 1759.The parts of a museum open to the public 40 (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of
9、 a museums collection 41 (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟) and imagine 42 (they) living at a different time in history or 4
10、3 (walk) through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the citys Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 44 (accurate) is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 45 peoples spare time and money with other a
11、musements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.【答案】36. wealthy37. or38. formed39. which/that40. are called41. is42. themselves43. walking44. accuracy45. for【解析】本文为一篇说明文，说明了博物馆的部分藏品的来源以及其面临的挑战。36.考查形容词。根据空格后的名词与所给提示词wealth，判断此处需填形容词，故填wealthy。37.考查连词。根据
12、空格前的until it got too big与空格后的until they died，判断此处为选择关系，故填or。38.考查时态。根据前文提到的时间状语in the 18th and 19th centuries，判断此处需用一般过去时，故填formed。39.考查连词。根据空格前的先行词the British Museum与空格后的谓语动词opened，判断此处为定语从句的关系词，在从句中作主语，故填which/that。40.考查被动语态。根据空格前的主语the parts与所给提示词call，判断此处为被动语态，且此处表陈述事实，故填are called。 41.考查主谓一致。根据
13、空格前的主语a small part与所给提示词，判断此处为谓语动词，且主语a small part为单数形式，故填is。42.考查反身代词。根据空格前的主语visitors、谓语动词imagine与所给提示词they，判断此处为反身代词，故填themselves。43.考查非谓语动词。根据空格前的or，判断此处为与前面的living at a different time in history为选择关系，因此此处需用v-ing形式，故填walking。44.考查名词。根据空格前的形容词Historical与空格后的系动词is，判断此处需用名词形式，故填accuracy。45.考查固定搭配。根据空格前的动词compete与空格后的peoples spare time and money，判断此处需用表“为竞争”的动词短语compete for，故填for。