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1、专题03-感动中国备战2023年中考英语之阅读理解专项练（常考+热门话题）一、阅读单选Zhang Guimei is the leader of Huaping High School. The school is the first senior high school (高中) to offer free education to girls from poor families. Many students dreams came true with the help of her. When she was a common teacher in a mountain school i
2、n 2002, she decided to build a free high school for girls. She wanted to give them free education. Since it opened in 2008, it has seen more than 1, 800 students progress to universities and colleges. Zhangs husband died in 1996. She doesnt have children or a house, so she lives at school with her s
3、tudents. Every day, she gets up at around 5 a.m. to turn on the lights of the teaching building and wakes students up with a loudspeaker (喇叭). She stays with students during the day and goes to sleep after senior students study ends at midnight. She has more than 20 kinds of physical(身体的) problems b
4、ecause of hard work. “We always say that each child should stand on the same starting line, but these girls from mountains didnt even have a chance to get on the track(跑道) ,” she said. All her dream is to make these poor girls depend on themselves, to let them live better. She donated (捐赠) most of h
5、er money to education. She then had nothing for herself. She got the July 1 Medal (七一勋章) in 2021. Her moving stories have touched people in our country.1What did Zhang Guimei do in 2002?AShe wanted to build a high school for girls.BShe taught in a free high school.CShe decided to buy a house for her
6、self.DShe wanted to leave school.2When did Huaping High School open?AIn 2002.BIn 2004.CIn 2006.DIn 2008.3What did Zhang Guimei think her students should do?AThey should help their parents live a better life.BThey should get better education like other children.CThey should come back to their hometow
7、n in the future.DThey should give a lot of money to her after getting jobs.4What can we learn from Zhang Guimei?AWe should get on well with our teachers.BWe should try our best to help those in need.CWe should give more care to girls than boys.DWe should provide more schools for the poor.【导语】本文主要讲述对
8、贫困家庭女孩教育做出贡献的“时代楷模”张桂梅的感人事迹。【答案】1A2D3B4B1【解析】细节理解题。根据“When she was a common teacher in a mountain school in 2002, she decided to build a free high school for girls”可知，2002年，她决定建立一所免费的女子高中，故选A。2【解析】细节理解题。根据“Since it opened in 2008, it has seen more than 1,800 students progress to universities and col
9、leges”可知，是2008年创办的，故选D。3【解析】推理判断题。根据“All her dream is to make these poor girls depend on themselves, to let them live better”可知，张桂梅认为她的学生应该像其他孩子一样接受更好的教育，故选B。4【解析】推理判断题。根据“All her dream is to make these poor girls depend on themselves, to let them live better. She donated most of her money to educat
10、ion”及全文可知，我们能从她身上学到应该尽量去帮助有需要的人，故选B。Welcome home! The Shenzhou XI manned spacecrat returmed to Earth on Sept 17. Carrying three Chinese astronauts Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Teng Hongbo, the return capsule (返回舱) touched down at the Dongfeng landing site in Inner Mongolia at 1:34 pm. The three astr
11、onauts were found in good health. Actually, the return journey was so smooth that Tang was seen playing with a pen in the return capsule. However, there were dangerous and challenging parts that you might not know about the landing.While the return capsule entered the atmosphere (大气层), the temperatu
12、re of its outside could be higher than 2,000 degrees! “Real gold fears no fire, “Nie joked as they experienced this. Special materials on the outside of the capsule kept the astronauts sale inside. More dangerously, the astronauts experienced a blackout (黑障) period, which was caused by the heating.
13、It means they lost radio touch with Barth for several minutes. Radar (雷达) helped people on the ground locate (定位) the capsule.When the capsule was about 10 kilometers above the ground, it prepared to land. At the time. The capsule still traveled at 200 meters per second. Thats twice the speed of hig
14、h-speed trains! It was to fast to directly land. Therefore, parachutes (降落) are used to soften the landing. Even so, if a parachute is too big, it might turn over, just like an umbrella on windy days. So the capsule first opened a small parachute before pulling out its giant main parachute-as big as
15、 1,200 square meters! They let the capsule slow down gradually.Sept. 17 was Liu Bormings 55th birthday. He said it was his most memorable birthday. We can believe him!5How were three astronauts after landing on the earth?AThey were healthy.BThey were weak.CThey felt sick.DThey felt excited.6From par
16、agraphs 4-5 we know that _.Athe return journey was dangerousBthe return journey was smoothCthere were mistakes during the returnDthe craft caught fire on the way back7The small parachute was used to _.Aprevent one of them from failing to workBprevent the main parachute from turning overCtest the spe
17、ed of the spacecraftDslow down the spacecraft quickly8The return of the Shenzhou XII can be described as _.AeasyBunsafeChopelessDsuccessful【导语】本文介绍了9月17日，神舟XI号载人航天飞船返回地球的情况。【答案】5A6A7B8D5【解析】细节理解题。根据“The three astronauts were found in good health.”可知，三名宇航员健康状况良好。故选A。6【解析】推理判断题。根据“When the capsule was
18、 about 10 kilometers above the ground,So the capsule first opened a small parachute before pulling out its giant main parachute-as big as 1,200 square meters!”可以推出，他们的回程是危险的。故选A。7【解析】细节理解题。根据“Even so, if a parachute is too big, it might turn over, just like an umbrella on windy days. So the capsule
19、first opened a small parachute before pulling out its giant main parachute-as big as 1,200 square meters!”可知，小降落伞是用来防止主降落伞翻倒的。故选B。8【解析】细节理解题。根据“Carrying three Chinese astronauts Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming and Teng Hongbo, the return capsule (返回舱) touched down at the Dongfeng landing site in Inner Mong
20、olia at 1:34 pm.”可知，神舟十二号的回归可以说是成功的。故选D。On March 3rd, 2022, the “Touching China” 2021 Award Ceremony (颁奖盛典) went on the air on CCTV-1. Jiang Mengnan, a girl from Hunan Province got the award of Person Touching China.Born in a teachers family in Yizhang county in 1992, Jiangs world has been silent si
21、nce she was 6 months old. However, when Jiang got a little older, her parents began showing her how to understand people by reading lips (唇). It was a slow and hard process, but her parents did not give up, and soon Jiang began to speak.When she was old enough, Jiang went to an excellent primary sch
22、ool. She said it was difficult at first. During lessons, teachers would often write on the blackboard with their backs to the students. She had to copy down everything on the blackboard and study alone after class to keep up with her classmates.In 2011, she entered Jilin University in Changchun, Jil
23、in province. After graduating in 2015, she became a researcher at the university, studying pharmacy (药剂学). Three years later, Jiang got her masters degree and was accepted as a PhD candidate (博士候选人) at Tsinghua Universitys School of Life Sciences.“Ive received so much help from others over the years
24、. For me, the best way to pay them back is to do something good for society,” she said. “Because of my hearing problem, I couldnt be a doctor. So I chose pharmacy. I want to help with peoples pain and help them get well.”“I want to continue my research in pharmacy and try to make a difference to our
25、 society,” she added. “I also hope I can help more people who have the same experiences as me.”9Jiang Mengnan lost her hearing _.Awhen she was bornBwhen she was 6 months oldCwhen she went to primary school10It was difficult for Jiang at first in the primary school because _.Ashe couldnt talk with ot
26、hersBshe couldnt keep up with her classmatesCsometimes she couldnt see the teachers lips11In _, Jiang became a PhD candidate at Tsinghua Universitys School of Life Sciences.A2015B2018C202112What can we learn from Jiangs story?AIt is never too late to learn.BOne tree cant make a forest.CNothing is im
27、possible if we try our best.13What is the best title of the story?AJiang MengnanA girl who dreams bigBJiang MengnanA girl who touches ChinaCJiang MengnanA girl who has a beautiful heart【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了2021年度感动中国人物江梦南的人生故事。【答案】9B10C11B12C13B9【解析】细节理解题。根据“Jiangs world has been silent since she was 6
28、 months old.”可知，她在6个月大时失去了听力。故选B。10【解析】细节理解题。根据“teachers would often write on the blackboard with their backs to the students.”可知，老师经常背对学生写字，她看不见老师的嘴唇。故选C。11【解析】细节理解题。根据“After graduating in 2015, she became a researcher at the university, studying pharmacy (药剂学). Three years later, Jiang got her mas
29、ters degree and was accepted as a PhD candidate (博士候选人) at Tsinghua Universitys School of Life Sciences.”可知，在三年后她成为了博士候选人，2015年后的三年，故选B。12【解析】细节理解题。根据“Because of my hearing problem, I couldnt be a doctor. So I chose pharmacy.”可知，江梦南学习过程充满艰辛，但是她能够为社会贡献自己的价值，故本文想要告诉我们：如果我们尽我们最大努力，没有事情是不可能的。故选C。13【解析】最
30、佳标题题。根据“Jiang Mengnan, a girl from Hunan Province got the award of Person Touching China.”可知，江梦南是感动中国人物，故选B。Zhang GuimeiHeadmaster (校长) of the Huaping Senior High School for girls. Start a free school and help girls continue their education for over 40 years. Busy asking for donations to provide mon
31、ey for the school. More than 1,800 girl students have been sent to universities and colleges.Mao XianglinVillage head of Xiazhuang Village. Led more than 100 villagers to build the road with their hands, cutting the time to the nearest town from three days to one hour. Encouraged the villagers to gr
32、ow oranges and this improved village life. Per capita income (人均收入) is 12670 yuan in 2019, 40 times more than in the 1990s.Lv JunyaoStudent from Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Teach local people, professional planting skills in Henan and Yunnan. Help villagers to develop fruit industry. Fruit produc
33、tion is largely increased by three times compared with that before.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。14How long has Zhang Guimei helped girls finish their education?AMore than 20 years.BLess than 20 years.CMore than 40 years.DLess than 40 years.15What does the underlined word “donations” mean in Chinese?A同情B捐赠C帮助D支持16Wh
34、at improved the life of villagers in Xiazhuang?AGrowing oranges.BGoing to high school.CLeaving the mountains.DBuilding roads to outside.17Lv Junyao helped the farmers by _.Ateaching them planting skillsBdonating money to the high schoolCbuilding roads to the outside worldDteaching the girls in Huapi
35、ng High School18What do the people above have in common?AThey helped farmers build roads to outside by hand.BThey donated money and things to Huaping High School.CThey taught farmers to plant fruit trees in the countryside.DThey have made great contributions (贡献) to fighting poverty.【导语】本文主要介绍了三位对扶贫
36、做出突出贡献的人。【答案】14C15B16A17A18D14【解析】细节理解题。根据第一格中“Start a free school and help girls continue their education for over 40 years.”可知是多于40年，故选C。15【解析】词义猜测题。根据“to provide money”可猜测出是捐赠的意思。故选B。16【解析】细节理解题。通过第二格中“Encouraged the villagers to grow oranges and this improved village life.”可知是种橙子改善了村民生活。故选A。17【解
37、析】细节理解题。根据第三格中“Teach local people, professional planting skills in Henan and Yunnan.”可知是通过教农民种植技巧来帮助他们。故选A。18【解析】推理判断题。根据文章对三人的介绍可知，他们都帮助了贫穷的人脱贫。故选D。Touching China 2021 Annual People Award Ceremony was held and ten inspirational role models were awarded for their moving stories and great contributio
38、ns to the society. Here are three people from the list.Yang Zhenning, a famous Nobel Prize-winning physicist, became the first Chinese-American scientist who managed to return to China after the US just lifted the ban (禁令) on visits to China in 1970. Yang also sponsored (赞助) hundreds of Chinese scho
39、lars to have a further study in the US. These talents later became the backbone of the construction of China. The only athlete nominee (提名) was Su Bingtian, the first Chinese sprinter to compete in the mens 100-meter sprint final at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games.After years of hard training, at the a
40、ge of 32, he shocked the world by finishing first in his group with a time of 9.83 seconds on the semi-finals, 0.08 seconds faster than his Asian record of 9.91 seconds in 2018.Jiang Mengnan, a deaf Chinese girl, was accepted by studying decoration at Tsinghua University in 2018. Though life kept th
41、rowing Jiang more challenges, the positive woman regarded them as gifts of life.Deaf almost since birth, Jiang has overcome plenty of difficulties to achieve her dream of studying for a PhD at one of the Chinas most famous schools. 19How many role models were awarded in the ceremony?AThree.BFive.CTe
42、n.DThirteen.20Which of the following statements is TRUE?AYang Zhenning had no difficulty returning to China from the US.BYang Zhenning taught hundreds of Chinese scholars in the US.CSu Bingtian was the first Chinese sprinter to compete in the Olympic Games.DSu Bingtian was the only athlete who was n
43、ominated on the list.21What is Jiang Mengnan?AA foreign scholar.BA famous athlete.CA disabled physicist.DA deaf PhD student.22What do the three people have in common?AThey have work hard for themselves.BThey have overcome many difficulties.CThey have helped many students.DThey are all in good health
44、.23We can read this article in a(n) _.AnovelBmagazineCtravel bookDscience book【导语】本文向我们介绍2021年度“感动中国”中的三位人物。【答案】19C20D21D22B23B19【解析】细节理解题。根据“ten inspirational role models were awarded for their moving stories and great contributions to the society”可知，十大励志榜样因其感人的故事和对社会的巨大贡献而获奖，故选C。20【解析】细节理解题。根据“The
45、 only athlete nominee was Su Bingtian”可知，唯一被提名的运动员是苏炳添，故选D。21【解析】细节理解题。根据“Jiang Mengnan, a deaf Chinese girl.Deaf almost since birth, Jiang has overcome plenty of difficulties to achieve her dream of studying for a PhD at one of the Chinas most famous schools.”可知，江梦南是一个聋哑的博士生，故选D。22【解析】推理判断题。根据“beca
46、me the first Chinese-American scientist who managed to return to China after the US just lifted the ban on visits to China in 1970”，“After years of hard training”和“Jiang has overcome plenty of difficulties”可知，三人都克服了许多困难，故选B。23【解析】推理判断题。本文向我们介绍2021年度“感动中国”中的三位人物，所以推测可能在杂志上看到这篇文章，故选B。Zhu Lihua is a 65
47、-year-old blind massage therapist(推拿师) and a member of the CPC(中国共产党) for 28 years. She has helped over 100 blind people find jobs, donated(捐赠) 5.06 million yuan to hundreds of poor students and treated many patients over the past few years.Zhu became blind when she was 18. At first, she was very sad. But in 1983, she heard the story of Zhang Haidi on the radio. Then Zhu became happy again and took part in the massage training for blind people in 1985. After three years of training, she began to wo