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1、【考研英语】2021年3月北京化工研究院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】For their own safety,household pets should be confined to their ownyard.A、tamedB、regainedC、restrictedD、contained【正确答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制，约束。参考课文：为了自身安全，家养究物应该关在主人自己的后院中。第2题【单选题】Besides,it is rather unreal to grade people just according to t
2、heirintellectual ability.This is only one aspect of their total personality.Weare concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full,not justtheir academic ability.We also value personal qualities and social skills,and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspect
3、sof learning.The author argues that a teacher/s chief concern should bethe development of the s t u d e n t/s.A、personal qualities and social skillsB、total personalityC、learning ability and communicative skillsD、intellectual ability【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 根据本段的内容，可以看出学生的total personality（总体素质）包括了 academ
4、ic ability orintellectual ability,personal qualities 和 social skillso 也就是说这些能力都是total personality的方方面面。再看一下这一段的第三两句，可以得出正确的答案应该是选项B o 其他几个选项的意思都不全面，都不能反映作者的充分开发学生的全面能力的主张。第3题【单选题】The quality of the food is health for people.A、a matter ofB、the matter ofC、no matter thatD、for the matter【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选
5、A。“a matter of.意思为 是.的一件事 。本句意思是“食品质量是事关人民健康的大事其他选项中的matter都没有此意。第4题【单选题】Dont your health.A、recommendB、enterC、slipD、neglect【正确答案】D【答案解析】neglect疏忽，忽视；忽略。第5题【单选题】There is a lot of luck in drilling for oil.A、以钻探的方法找石油有很大的偶然性。B、以钻探的方法找石油全靠运气了。C、钻探石油有很大的偶然性。D、钻探石油是很幸运的事。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。drilling for o i
6、l表示 钻探石油;a lotof luck本意表示的是“运气，在本句中可以翻译为 偶然性第6题【单选题】Research shows heavy coffee drinking is a small increase inblood pressure,but not enough to increase the risk for high bloodpressure.A、compared withB、associated withC、attributed toD、referred to【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题的四个选项为形式不同的做表语的动词短语，因此考查的是词组的辨析与理解运用。(be
7、)associatedwith与.有关联，可见该词组符合题意。第7题【单选题】She took her in her arms and tried to comfort her.A、proveB、overlookC、eliminateD、ease【正确答案】D【答案解析】comfort使(痛苦等)缓和；ease减轻，缓和。第8题【单选题】They took measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.A、fruitfulB beneficialC、validD、effective【正确答案】D【答案解析】fruitful多产的/成功的。b
8、eneficial有益的。valid有 效 的（法律/时间）/正当的。effective有效的。第9题【单选题】you really need is self-confidence.A、ThatB、WhatC、AnythingD、Something which【正确答案】B【答案解析】题意为“你真正需要的是自信，空白处需要填入的引导词是whato第10题【单选题】Home heating,which accounts for less than 7 percent of a ll energyconsumed in the U.S.,has had a commendable（值得赞扬的）ef
9、ficiencyrecord:from 1978 to 1997,the amount of fuel consumed for thispurpose declined 44 percent despite a 33 percent increase in thenumber of housing units and an increase in house size.The U.S.Department of Energy,however,forecasts mat energy used in homeheating will rise by 14 percent over the ne
10、xt two decades.That rise issmall considering an expected 21 percent increase in the number ofhouses and the trend toward larger houses.According to-paragraph 3,energy consumed in home heating over the next two decades willincrease by.A、33 percentB、31 percentC、21 percentD、14 percent【正确答案】D【答案解析】该题问的是
11、：根据本段，在今后2 0年里用于家庭供暖的能源将增加多少?第三段有这么一句话：然而，美国能源部预测，在今后2 0年里用于家庭供暖的能源将增加 14%o第11题【单选题】Will all those the proposal raise their hands?A、in relation toB、in contrast toC、in excess ofD、in favor of【正确答案】D【答案解析】in relation to关于。in contrast to相反/对立。inexcess of 超出。in favor of 喜欢。第12题【单选题】To new money the sport
12、 needs to be more entertaining.A、recurB perceiveC、inhabitD、generate【正确答案】D【答案解析】generate使形成；发生；生殖；产生物理反应。第13题【单选题】Readers are required to comply with the rules of the library and mindtheir manners.A、evaluateB、memorizeC、protectD、observe【正确答案】D【答案解析】comply with服从,遵从。observe遵守，奉行。参考译文：读者被要求遵守图书馆规章并注意各自
13、的行为规范。第14题【单选题】During these past few years I used Associated Content to try writing.Ifound writing for that site was not my cup of tea.However,myexperience there was positive as I was rewarded with even morelearning opportunities just by dipping my toes into the water.ThroughAssociated Content I was
14、 introduced to the world of blogging.I decidedto learn how to set up a blog myself.Now Im interested in blogging andcontinue to work as a writer.What is the authors purpose of using thesite Associated Content?A、To write for the site Yahoo!Contributor Network.B To know more about other writers.C、To h
15、ave one of his articles published.D、To become a network writer.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。根据本段的I decided to learn how toset up a blog myself.Now Im interested in blogging andcontinue to work as a writer确定D 答案。A 选项是作者偶然获得的结果，并非刚开始写作时的目的，可排除；B 选项不是作者的目的；C 选项是作者两年前已经取得的成果，无需再定为自己目标。第15题【单选题】Late one Sunday afte
16、rnoon in September 1999,Oseola McCarty,anelderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame housewhere she had lived and worked most of her life.It may seem like anordinary end to a humble life,but there was something quite exceptionalabout this woman.In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150
17、,000,most of the money she had saved throughout her life,to the Universityof Southern Mississippi in her hometown.The money was to help otherAfrican Americans through university.She had started her savings habitas a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron formoney which she w
18、ould then save.This woman shocked and inspired theworld b e c a u s e.A、she had managed to save so much moneyB、she gave her money to African AmericansC、she gave her life savings to help others through universityD、she only spent money on cheap things【正确答案】C【答案解析】only是绝对词，在选项D 中出现，根据经验排除 D；对照原文第一自然段最后
19、一句话there was somethingquite exceptional about this woman 说她有些特别的地方，接着第二自然段就讲 In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout herlife,to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分积攒的钱捐献给了家乡的大学，A 和 B 表达都不全面，答案是Co第16题【单选题】“People disappear in that
20、 river every year/one of the policemen said tome that afternoon,half in dismay,half in frustration.A、年年都有人消失在这条河里，当天下午警察中的一个人半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。B、“这条河里年年都要死人，当天下午一个警察半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。C、这条河里年年都有人消失，当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。D、这条河里年年都要死人，当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o 本题考查的知识点为成语。英语和汉语都有许多成语。
21、汉语的成语大多由四个字组成。英译汉时，适当地使用成语，译文显得简洁、生动，可以增加文采。第17题【单选题】the few who have failed in their examination,all the otherstudents in the hall are in very high spirits.A、In spite thatB But forC Apart fromD、For the sake of【正确答案】C【答案解析】apart from 除.之外，只有该词组符合题意。第18题【单选题】James Brindley was a pioneer in the art of
22、 building canals or,as it wasthen called,navigation.A、布林德雷是建筑运河的先驱者，当时人们把它叫作navigationoB、布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把它叫作navigationoC、布林德雷是建筑运河的先驱者，当时人们把建筑运河叫作navigation oD、布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把开凿运河叫作navigation o【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 本题考查的知识点为重复与代称。原文building canals,但汉语里常见的搭配是“开凿运河，如译作“建筑运河，就不顺了。原文后半句用it 代 替 buil
23、dingcanals,译文重复“开凿运河而不用代词，这样译是比较清楚的。第19题【单选题】The tall,well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a farcry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.A、站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，当然是像我想象中的老海狼发出的一声遥远的呼唤了。B、一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生站在我面前，发出的一声遥远的呼唤，像我想象中的老海狼。C、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。D、站在我面前的是一位身
24、材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我想象中的老海怪一样发出了长长的叫声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】standing before me”是现在分词短语，作定语，修辞gentleman”,译成汉语可放在句首。a far cry fromsth/doing sth”是习语，意思是：a very different experience fromsth/doing sth与某事物 做某事物 大不相同。wolf是狼的意思，“sea wolf在这里是指海员，海员因长期在海上航行，在常人眼里有点怪异，译作“海怪比较贴切。第20题【单选题】Many years passed and the young man wa
25、s very successful in business.He had a beautiful home and wonderful family,but realized his fatherwas very old,and thought perhaps he should go to him.He had not seenhim since that graduation day.Before he could make arrangements tosee his father,he received a telegram telling him his father had pas
26、sedaway,and willed all of his possessions to his son.He needed to comehome immediately and take care things.When he arrived at his fathershouse,sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young manarrived home,he fel t.A、sadB、disappointedC horribleD、nervous【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出
27、现了两个关键词sadness和 regret,可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。故选A。第21题【单选题】She had come to England to pursue an acting career.A、striveB、removeC、quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pursue继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第22题【单选题】Jenny,how was your trip to Beijing?Oh,I missed it.I wish Imy vacation there.A、am spendingB、will spendC have spentD、h
28、ad spent【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o考查虚拟语气在wish引导的宾语从句中的用法。从I missed i t可确定是与过去事实相反，所以从句中动词用过去完成时态。第23题【单选题】In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks thisweek,let us recognize at the outset these points.A、本着我希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。B、我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认
29、识到这样几点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。【正确答案】B 答案解析】答案选 Bo which I hope will characterize our talksthis week限制性定语从句，修饰franknesso I hope是定语从句中的插入语。In the spirit of：本着 的精神。at the outset：在开始的时候。第24题【单选题】We welcome rain,but a(a n)l a r g e amount of r
30、ainfall will causefloods.A、extensivelyB、extremelyC、speciallyD、constantly【正确答案】B【答案解析】extensively广泛的/渊博的。extremely极度的。specially特别的/与众不同的。constantly反复的/恒定的。第25题【单选题】Much he has a good taste,he cant avoid being influenced byadvertisements.A、that he claimsB、does he claimC、as he claimsD、is it that he cla
31、ims【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 句意：尽管他那样声称自己有很好的鉴赏力，但他也没能避开受到好多广告的影响。形容词、副词、名词、动词+as/though+主语+谓语+主句 为固定句型，其中“形容词、副词、名词、动词+as/though+主语+谓语相当于although引导的状语从句。第26题【单选题】We have to modify our plan a little bit.A、reduceB、sufferC、adjustD、utilize【正确答案】C【答案解析】m odify修改，修饰;更改；adjust调整,使适合。第27题【单选题】The devastating flo
32、ods and droughts that imposed a recurrent tax ofsuffering on the farmers on longer occur.Egyptian agriculture has beentransformed,and industry is benefiting from power generated by thedam.A、过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。B、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是现在埃及的农业得到改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。C、过去不断给农民
33、带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改良，水坝发的电也用在了工业上。D、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是埃及的农业得到了改良，工业也给水坝发电带来了很大的好处。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。句子中tax of suffering属于比喻，把suffering比作是强加在人们身上的tax,而并非真正的征收税收。根据这一点可以排除B和D项，同时根据句子中的and可以得知前后应该是并列的，也就是说agriculture和industry是并列的，同时翻译的时候也应该是并列的，这样不但符合句法也让句子结构更合理。第28题【单选题】Central heatin
34、g became popular only after the Civil War.Typically,coalburning furnaces（火炉）fueled the early systems.Natural gas haddeveloped into the leading fuel by 1960.Its acceptance resulted in partfrom its wide uses.Because it comes primarily from U.S.and Canadianfields,natural gas is also less vulnerable（脆弱的
35、）than oil is to War.Oilremains the most important fuel in a few areas,such as NewEngland.Natural gas didnt become the leading fuel unt i l.A、1978B、1960C、1997D、2000【正确答案】B【答案解析】该题问的是：天然气到什么时候才变成主要的燃料?段中的第三句话是这么说的：天然气到1960年已经变成了主要的燃料。因此B 是正确的答案。第29题【单选题】An interesting of the city is the old market.A、t
36、riumphB、respectC、residenceD、feature【正确答案】D【答案解析】feature特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目。第30题【单选题】It was in foreign country I felt,for the first time in my life,regretful I was about the time wasted playing around.A where,thatB that,howC、that,whichD、where,how【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o该句是一个强调句，其中还有一个插入语for the first time in
37、 my life ,强调句的基本形式是“It is(was).that(who)./S 先行词是人时可用who代替th a t,否则一般用th a t,故排除A、D o又因为regretful是一个形容词，故应用副词修饰，显然要舍去which而用how。第31题【单选题】Unemployment seems to be the social problem in this areaand may undermine social stability.A prevalentB primitiveC previousD、premature【正确答案】A【答案解析】prevalent“普遍的,流行的
38、。根据题意,正确答案应选A。第32题【单选题】The ISU wont finally approve the new system until it meets in June butalready UK Sport,the British Governments sports body,has expressedreservations.I remain to be convinced that the random selectionsystem would offer the guarantees that everyone concerned with ethicalsport is
39、 looking for,says Jerry Bingham,UK Sports head of ethics.Theattitude of those concerned in the UK to the new rules proposed by ISUcan be best described as.A、indifferent.B、reserved.C、enthusiastic.D、positive.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选 B o 根据本段第一句话可知英国对他们提出的新规则是持保留态度的。第33题【单选题】There is a lot of luck in drillin
40、g for oil.A、以钻探的方法找石油有很大的偶然性。B、以钻探的方法找石油全靠运气了。C、钻探石油有很大的偶然性。D、钻探石油是很幸运的事。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C。drilling for o il表示 钻探石油;a lotof luck本意表示的是“运气，在本句中可以翻译为 偶然性第34题【单选题】For the purpose of this Convention any Contracting State may,bydomestic legislation,assimilate to its own nationals any persondomiciled in
41、 that State.A、就本公约而言，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。B、为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住那个国家的任何人按本国国民对待。C、为实施本公约，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。D、为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住那个国家的任何人当作本国国民。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o本题考查的知识点为法律文书的特点。for the purpose of.是法律条文里常用的一个短语，意思相当于 就 而言”，在此处翻译为“为实施本公约。第35题【单选题】For t
42、heir own safety,household pets should be confined to their ownyard.A、tamedB、regainedC、restrictedD、contained【正确答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制，约束。参考课文：为了自身安全，家养究物应该关在主人自己的后院中。第36题【单选题】How do we fix this problem?lt starts with reforming the physicianreimbursement system,remove the pressure for primary
43、care physiciansto squeeze in more patients per hour,and reward them for optimally（最佳地）managing their diseases and practicing evidence-based medicine.Make primary care more attractive to medical students by forgivingstudent loans for those who choose primary care as a career andreconciling the marked
44、 difference between specialist and primary carephysician salaries.What suggestion does the author give in order toprovide better health care?A、Bridge the salary gap between specialists and primary carephysicians.B、Extend primary care to patients with chronic diseases.C、Recruit more medical students
45、by offering them loans.D、Reduce the tuition of students who choose primary care as theirmajor.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao事实细节题。由题干中的suggestion和 provide better health care定位于第2 段。文章第2 段介绍的是改善基础医疗目前状况的建议：应该从改革医生的费用返还制度开始，避免基础护理医生竭力增加每小时诊治患者的数量，减少他们的压力，奖励那些能够提出最佳治疗方案和开具循证药物的医生。通过免除那些选择基础护理工作作为未来职业的学生们的助学贷款，使基础护
46、理工作吸引更多医学院的学生，同时调和专科医生和基础护理医生之间工资存在的巨大差异，由此可得出答案为A 项。第37题【单选题】They are b r i g h t,able and confident.A、latentB、revolutionC、subsequentD、intelligent【正确答案】D【答案解析】intelligent智能的；聪明的；理解力强的。第38题【单选题】The western media was astonished to see that Chinas GDP byalmost 40%just in two years/time.A、flourishedB、f
47、loatedC、soaredD、roared【正确答案】C【答案解析】soar高涨，猛增。根据题意，正确答案应选Co第39题【单选题】Income may be national income and personal income.Whereas nationalincome is defined as the total earned income of all the factors ofproduction namely,profits,interest,rent,wages,and othercompensation for labor,personal income may be
48、defined as total moneyincome received by individuals before personal taxes are paid.Nationalincome does not equal GNP because the factors of production do notreceive payment for either capital consumption allowances or indirectbusiness taxes,both of which are included in GNP.The money put asidefor c
49、apital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted asincome.Indirect taxes include sales taxes,property taxes,and excisetaxes that are paid by businesses directly to the government and soreduce the income left to pay for the factors of production.Three-fourths of national income goes for
50、wages,salaries,and otherforms of compensation to employees.Which of the following statementsis true according to the paragraph?A、GNP equals national income plus indirect business taxes.B、GNP excludes both capital consumption allowances and indirectbusiness taxes.C、Personal income is regarded as the