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1、【考研英语】2021年3月北京中科院软件研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Sarah hopes to become a friend of shares her interests.A、anyoneB、whomeverC、whoeverD、no matter who【正确答案】C【答案解析】whoever既用做主语，也用做宾语。正确答案为 C,whoever 在此相当于 anyone who。第2题【单选题】In the last 500 years,nothing about people-not their clothes,ideas,orlanguag
2、es has changed as much as what they eat.The original chocolatedrink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree（可可树）by SouthAmerican Indians.The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the worldduring the 1500/s.And although it was very expensive,it quickly becamefashionable.In London,shops where chocola
3、te drinks were servedbecame important meeting places.Some still exist today.Some in thelast sentence of the paragraph refers to.A、some cocoa treesB、some chocolate drinksC、some shops.D、some South American Indians【正确答案】C【答案解析】这类题的答案一般在前一句中寻找。通常指前一句中提到的内容。这里的som e指代的是前一句中的shops。第3题【单选题】The hurricane wa
4、s incredibly devastating and left thousands homeless.A forcefulB mightyC、destructiveD、dangerous【正确答案】C【答案解析】devastating毁灭性的。destructive破 坏（或毁灭）性的。参考译文：飓风以其难以令人置信的破坏力使得成千上万的人无家可归。第4题【单选题】She regarded the burglary as a（n）of her home.团A、invasionB、suppression团C、violationD、theft【正确答案】C【答案解析】句意：她认为入室偷盗是侵犯
5、家宅的行为。violation意为 侵犯（行为），妨 碍（行为）;invasion意为 侵犯，侵害”,尤其隐私和个人权力;suppression意为 压制，镇压；theft意为“偷窃，失窃。第5题【单选题】By the middle of the 21st century,the vast majority of the worldspopulation will be living in cities in the country.0A、other thanB、more thanC、better thanD、rather than【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词组辨析。rather th
6、an：与其.（不如）;不是（而是）。句意：到二十一世纪中叶，世界上大多数人口将生活在城市而不是农村。第6题【单选题】Congress assembles together in January.A、rangeB restrictC、gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】assembles集 合,聚 集;装 配；收集；gather收集；收 割;使 聚集；使 皱起。第7题【单选题】Well.I do think the rabbit is a beautiful,gentle animal which can runvery fast.A、So it isB、So is itC、
7、So does itD、So it does【正确答案】A【答案解析】答 案 选A o此题容易误选B,平时同学们经常练习和SO有关的倒装句：so放在句首，表示前面的肯定内容也适用于另一个人或物。其结构为：so+助动词+主语。因此在未完全理解题意时，就主观地选择了 B o其实最佳答案为A。本题考查so+主语+助动词结构，用来表示赞成前一说话者所说的内容，可译为“是的”、”对或“确实如此。句意：一哎，我真的认为这兔子是一只漂亮温顺的动物，跑得很快。一确实如此。第8题【单选题】The little boys face,his look of fear and desperation,his crie
8、s forhelpthe choice was made in our intrinsic love for children.A、那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们拿定了主意。B、那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱使我们做出了选择。C、看一看那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，听一听他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们拿定了主意。D、看到那孩子的脸，脸上害怕和绝望的表情，听到他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们做出了选择。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o本题考查的知识点为增词或减词。
9、原文是三个名词词组，译文为了行文的需要，加了“看一看和“听一听。第9题【单选题】A great number of houses would have to be removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A、take the place ofB、give space forC、build upD、work out【正确答案】B【答案解析】make way for让路，让地给.o give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第10题【单选题】My d i c t i o n a r y.1 have l
10、ooked for it everywhere but still it.A、has lost,do not findB、is missing,do not findC、has lost,have not foundD、is missing,have not found【正确答案】D【答案解析】lose是个及物动词，如果要表示某物丢失了，只能用被动语态。A 项与C 项使用的都是其主动形式。missing是形容词，其词义是:lost;not to be found（丢失了的）,据此，第一空缺处应填入is missing。根据语境，第二个空缺处应填使用现在完成时的否定形式，因为它可以表示目前还未发
11、生的动作。第11题【单选题】Any principle is preferable to none.A、秘密的B、首要的C、初步的D、更好的【正确答案】D【答案解析】preferable a d j.更好的，更可取的；更合意的。第12题【单选题】He smiled,with the implication that he didnt believe me.A、革新B、暗指，含义C、刺激，推动D、改进【正确答案】B【答案解析】implication n.含义;暗示;牵连,卷入；可能的结果，影响。第13题【单选题】The devastating floods and droughts that i
12、mposed a recurrent tax ofsuffering on the farmers on longer occur.Egyptian agriculture has beentransformed,and industry is benefiting from power generated by thedam.A、过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。B、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是现在埃及的农业得到改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。C、过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业
13、得到了改良，水坝发的电也用在了工业上。D、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是埃及的农业得到了改良，工业也给水坝发电带来了很大的好处。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答 案 选A。句 子 中tax of suffering属于比喻，把suffering比作是强加在人们身上的tax,而并非真正的征收税收。根据这一点可以排除B和D项，同时根据句子中的and可以得知前后应该是并列的，也就是说agriculture和industry是并列的，同时翻译的时候也应该是并列的，这样不但符合句法也让句子结构更合理。第 14题【单选题】He suggested the person referred
14、 put into prison.A、isB beC to beD、should be【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。referred t o过去分词作定语，be putinto prison是宾语从句的谓语部分。学生由于粗心，容易误选B或者Do第 15题【单选题】This Convention shall be subject to ratification or acceptance by thesignatory States.A、本公约的生效取决于签字国的批准或接受。B、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为生效条件。C、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为条件。D、本公约须经签字国批准或接受。【正
15、确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o本题考查的知识点为法律文书的特点。无论是英语还是汉语，法律文件有一些共同的特点。英语 常 用shall,whereof,hereinafter等，汉语则常用“本公约须.“应.，可.，“均”等词语。第16题【单选题】The thief tried to open the locked door but.A、in no wayB in vainC、without effectD、at a loss【正确答案】B【答案解析】in no way决不。in vain徒劳。without effect无效。at a loss茫然。第17题【单选题】This televis
16、ion program provoked a spirited debate in the UnitedKingdom.A disputeB、issueC、lumpD、prejudice【正确答案】A【答案解析】debate辩论；辩论会;dispute辩论;争吵。第18题【单选题】Brindley worked,for example,to improve the grinding of flints,whichwere used in the rising pottery industry.A、为了改进例如燧石的研磨过程，布林德雷努力工作着，燧石是新兴陶瓷工业的常用材料。B、例如，布林德雷努
17、力改进新兴陶瓷工业常用材料的研磨过程一燧石。C、例如，布林德雷努力改进燧石的研磨过程，燧石是新兴陶瓷工业使用的材料。D、布林德雷努力改进例如燧石的研磨过程，燧石是新兴陶瓷工业使用的材料。【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查插入语的翻译。For example是插入到句子之间的，它其实可以放在句子的开头，但是汉语没有这个用法，要举例子基本上应该把 例如 放在句子的开头，根据这一点可以排除A和D项，同时要注意which were used inthe rising pottery industry是定语从句修饰前面的flin ts,可以单独用一个句子来表达，这样可以保留原句子的连贯性又忠于原文，最合
18、适的应该是C项。第19题【单选题】James Brindley was a pioneer in the art of building canals or,as it wasthen called,navigation.A、布林德雷是建筑运河的先驱者，当时人们把它叫作navigationoB、布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把它叫作navigationoC、布林德雷是建筑运河的先驱者，当时人们把建筑运河叫作navigation oD、布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把开凿运河叫作navigation o【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 本题考查的知识点为重复与代称。原文buil
19、ding canals,但汉语里常见的搭配是“开凿运河，如译作“建筑运河，就不顺了。原文后半句用it 代 替 buildingcanals,译文重复“开凿运河而不用代词，这样译是比较清楚的。第20题【单选题】Petrol is manufactured from the oil we take out of ground.A、crudeB、rawC、roughD、original【正确答案】A【答案解析】crude简陋粗糙的/天然的/粗鲁的。raw未煮熟的/未加工的。rough崎岖的，不光滑的/粗鲁的/（气候海面）狂暴的/概略的。original最初的/原文的/新颖独创的。第21题【单选题】I
20、t made the teacher angry I was late again.A、whenB、whichC、becauseD、that【正确答案】D【答案解析】it 在句子中作形式主语，从句置于谓语动词之后，用 that来引导。第22题【单选题】Excessive weight gain doesnt do you any good.A、过分的B、扩大的C、进化的D、非常【正确答案】A【答案解析】excessive adj.过多的，极度的；过分的。第23题【单选题】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain someti
21、mes hidethe fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe.Studies by theCouncil of Europe,of which 21 counties are members,have shown that45 per cent of reptile（爬行类的）species and 24 per cent of butterfliesare in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe haveindicated t hat.
22、A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain.B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.C、there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe thanelsewhere.D、many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 本段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成
23、的欧洲委员会的研究表明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D 是正确的答案。第24题【单选题】Mobile phones should carry a label if they proved to be a dangeroussource of radiation,according to Robert Bell,a scientist.And no moremobile phone transmitter towers（发射塔）should be built until thelong-term health effects of the radiation they em
24、it（放 射）isscientifically evaluated,he said.Nobody/s going to drop dead overnightbut we should be asking for more scientific information,Robert Bell saidat a conference on the health effects of low-level radiation.If mobilephones are found to be dangerous,they should carry a warning labeluntil proper
25、shields can be devised/he said.According to Robert Bell,ifmobile phones prove to be dangerous to peoples h e a l t h,.A、they should be banned immediately.B、the use of them should be restricted.C、all transmitter towers should be torn down.D、a warning label should be attached.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段的第一句话告诉我们：
26、被证实有辐射危险的手机应该带着标签。因此答案是D。第25题【单选题】If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in2006s World Cup tournament you would most likely find a noteworthyquirk:elite soccer players are likely to have been born in the earliermonths of the year than in the later months.If you then exa
27、mined theEuropean national youth teams that feed the World Cup andprofessional ranks,you would find this strange phenomenon to be evenmore pronounced.What might account for this strange phenomenon?Here are a few guesses:a)certain astrological signs confer superiorsoccer skills,b)winter-born babies t
28、end to have higher oxygen capacitywhich increases soccer stamina,c)soccer mad parents are more likely toconceive children in springtime at the annual peak of soccer mania,d)none of the above.The word“mania”(Paragraph 2)most probably meansA、funB、crazeC、hysteriaD、excitement【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 词义理解题，考查
29、考生利用上下文推测词义。文章第1 段介绍一个奇怪的现象，即高水平的足球运动员多半是一年中头几个月出生的。第 2 段试图解释这一现象，对这一现象做出种种猜测，即“某些星相赋予人们高超的足球技能，“冬天出生的婴儿氧气足，这会增加足球运动所需的耐力，足球迷的父母往往容易在春天孕育新生命等等。本段中的mania一词出现在第三种猜测中，句子的前半部分有“soccer mad，意思是对足球痴迷、疯狂的，由此可以推断mania”一词与soccer mad接近，即 疯狂。因此正确答案是B。第26题【单选题】She took her in her arms and tried to comfort her.A
30、proveB overlookC eliminateD、ease【正确答案】D【答案解析】com fort使（痛苦等）缓和；ease减轻，缓和。第27题【单选题】Mr.Zhang gave all the textbooks to all the pupils,except whohad already taken them.A、theseB、onesC、the onesD、the others【正确答案】C【答案解析】one本来是数词，但也可用作不定代词，代替前面刚提到的一个东西或人，避免重复前面刚提到的名词,有时。ne可以有自己的定语或冠词，甚至可以有复数形式。第28题【单选题】They
31、took measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.A、fruitfulB、beneficialC、validD、effective【正确答案】D【答案解析】fruitful多产的/成功的。beneficial有益的。valid有 效 的（法律/时间）/正当的。effective有效的。第29题【单选题】Many experts a low protein,high carbon hydrate diet.回A、promptB、advocateC、inherentD、claim【正确答案】B【答案解析】句意：许多专家提倡低蛋白、高碳水化
32、合物的饮食。advocate意为 拥护；主张；提倡；prompt意为“促使；激励；鼓舞；inherent是形容词，意为“内在的，固有的，本来就有的；claim意为“声称；认领；自称。第30题【单选题】When I graduated from high school,my family had a business so I neverthought about getting a college degree.I went straight from my highschool graduation to work for my father.After 24 years of ups an
33、d downs(mostly downs),I decided that I wanted to return to school and earn adegree in Business Administration.Why didnt the author go on witheducation after graduating from high school?A、To help her father with business.B、To escape from school life.C、To experience social life early.D、To achieve her
34、dream.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。该题目主要考查考生对文章主人公相关细节的了解。根据题干内容，此细节定位于文章本段讲述自己高中毕业后经历的部分。文中讲到“当我高中毕业时，爸爸正在做生意。所以我压根没有考虑过继续获得大学学位的事情，毕业后直接转向为爸爸工作可判断A选项与原文句意一致。第31题【单选题】Is that how you me for my help?A、dismissB、permitC、restoreD、reward【正确答案】D【答案解析】rew ard奖励；奖赏。第32题【单选题】I have bought two b a llp e n s,w r i
35、t e s well.A、none of themB、neither of themC、neither of whichD、none of which【正确答案】D【答案解析】因为是two ballpens,并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念.因此，C 是正确选项.第33题【单选题】Northern Europeans are willing to pay a lot of money and put up with alot of inconveniences for the sun because they have so little of it.Residents of citi
36、es like London,Copenhagen,and Amsterdam spend a lotof their winter in the dark because the days are so short,and much ofthe rest of the year in the rain.This is the reason the Mediterranean hasalways attracted them.Every summer,more than 25 million peopletravel to Mediterranean resorts and beaches f
37、or their vacation.They allcome for the same reason:sun!ln the paragraph,cities like London,Copenhagen,and Amsterdam are m e n tio n e d.A、to show that they are not good cities in terms of geography andclimateB、to tell us how wealthy their residents areC、to suggest that these cities lack places of hi
38、storic interest andscenic beautyD、to prove that they have got more tourism than they can handle【正确答案】A【答案解析】该段中所列举的三个城市都具有阴冷日短的气候特点，这些不利的地理气候条件使得当地居民向往阳光充足的地方。四个选项中，选项A最接近题意。第34题【单选题】Father had no more than a superficial knowledge of music.A、widespreadB、shallowC、reluctantD、subsequent【正确答案】B【答案解析】sup
39、erficial 表面的；肤浅的；shallow浅的;肤浅的。第35题【单选题】On the wall two large portraits.A、hangsB、hangC、hangedD、hanging【正确答案】B【答案解析】地点状语提前，谓语是be,hang,stand,sit,lie等动词的句子里,主谓要倒装。第36题【单选题】They will get the preparation done early in May.A、他们五月初就能让别人准备完工作。B、他们五月初就能准备好工作。C、他们早在五月份就能把准备工作做完。D、他们五月初就能把准备工作做完。【正确答案】D【答案解析】首
40、先需要注意early in May表示 五月初的意思,选 项A“让别人准备完这种表达是不准确的；此 外get thepreparation done表示的是“把准备工作做完，选 项B的表达不是很准确。第37题【单选题】The news about the terrible flood there greatly discouragedthese for a sight-seeing.A、us from goingB、us to goC、our goingD、our to go【正确答案】A【答案解析】discourage与encourage互为反义词。英语中说 鼓励某人做某事 时使用encou
41、rage sb.to do sth.,但如果要表示“使某人没勇气做某事 时，不能想当然的以此类推：discourage sb.to do sth.,这是不符合英语习惯的错误表达方式，其正确形式是：discourage sb from doing sth.o第38题【单选题】Many people,when ill,see their doctors and ask them tosomething that will make them feel better.A、describeB、prescribeC、reviseD、devise【正确答案】B【答案解析】prescribe 开处方，开（药
42、）。根据题意，正确答案应为B。第39题【单选题】They are b r i g h t,able and confident.A、latentB、revolutionC、subsequentD、intelligent【正确答案】D【答案解析】intelligent智能的；聪明的；理解力强的。第40题【单选题】For the purpose of this Convention any Contracting State may,bydomestic legislation,assimilate to its own nationals any persondomiciled in that
43、State.A、就本公约而言，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。B、为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住那个国家的任何人按本国国民对待。C、为实施本公约，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。D、为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住那个国家的任何人当作本国国民。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o本题考查的知识点为法律文书的特点。for the purpose of.是法律条文里常用的一个短语，意思相当于 就 而言，在此处翻译为“为实施本公约 。第41题【单选题】popular bel
44、ief,the ostrich does not hide its head in sand whenfrightened;it runs away.A、As toB、Opposite toC、Due toD、Contrary to【正确答案】D【答案解析】As to关于。Opposite to对立/对面（方位/身份/性别）。Dueto因为。Contrary to违反/反对（观点/态度）。第42题【单选题】A great number of houses would have to be removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A、take
45、the place ofB、give space forC、build upD、work out【正确答案】B【答案解析】make way fo r让路，让地给.o give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第43题【单选题】Roxaboxen is based on the true story of a group of children,growing upin the Arizona desert.There children can be a bit wild and much free,and they play outside from
46、 dawn to dusk.The children discover themake-believe（虚假的）town,built on the hill across from theirneighborhood.The town,called Roxaboxen,becomes the center of theirplay as the children grow,but the story is not just about the time spentin Roxaboxen as young children.More than that,this book is about t
47、heway that imagination and secret places stay with us as we grow olderand become a part of who we are.It is about the way that it helps us togrow into the adults that we become.What does the book/s nameRoxaboxen refer to?A、A child.B、A library.C、A period of time.D、A place.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o 查找细节题。
48、短文本段中明显一句话提到，The town,called Roxaboxen,所以指的是一个地方的名字。第44题【单选题】We have a agreement with her.A、uniformB versionC、verbalD、utmost【正确答案】C【答案解析】verbal 口头的；言语的；动词的；照字面的。第45题【单选题】Taking this medicine,if,will of course do good to his health.A、continuedB、to continueC、continuesD、continuing【正确答案】A【答案解析】if contin
49、ued 是if taking this medicine iscontinuecT的省略形式。第46题【单选题】I would class my garden as medium in size.A、单调的B、中等的C、温暖的D、使命【正确答案】B【答案解析】medium ad j.中间的,中等的;半生熟的。第47题【单选题】This cloth wont shrink when its washed.A benefitB smallerC、vagueD、convince【正确答案】B【答案解析】sh rin k收缩；畏缩；sm a lle r较小，更小的。第48题【单选题】A great n
50、umber of houses would have to be removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A、take the place ofB、give space forC、build upD、work out【正确答案】B【答案解析】make way fo r让路，让地给.0 give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第49题【单选题】Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn,the Irish milkmaidfought har