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1、【考研英语】2021年2月北京化工大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】The little boys face,his look of fear and desperation,his cries forhelpthe choice was made in our intrinsic love for children.A、那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们拿定了主意。B、那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱使我们做出了选择。C、看一看那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，听一听他那呼
2、救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们拿定了主意。D、看到那孩子的脸，脸上害怕和绝望的表情，听到他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们做出了选择。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o本题考查的知识点为增词或减词。原文是三个名词词组，译文为了行文的需要，加了“看一看和“听一听。第2题【单选题】Petrol is manufactured from the oil we take out of ground.A、crudeB、rawC、roughD、original【正确答案】A【答案解析】crude简陋粗糙的/天然的/粗鲁的。raw未煮熟的/未加工的。rough崎岖的，不光滑的/粗
3、鲁的/（气候海面）狂暴的/概略的。original最初的/原文的/新颖独创的。第3题【单选题】I am sure that you are asking.How does a rocket fly?If you want toknow,get a balloon and then blow it up until it is quite big.Do not tie upthe neck of the balloon.Let go!The balloon will fly off through the airvery quickly.The air inside the balloon tr
4、ies to get out.It rushes outthrough neck of the ball and this pushes the balloon through the air.Itdoes not need wings like an air plane.A rocket can fly to the moonb e c a u s e.A、it looks like a balloonB、it is much lighter than an airplaneC、it doesnt have wingsD、it works like an untied balloon【正确答
5、案】D【答案解析】本段都在讲述气球的飞行原理，来解释火箭的工作原理，因此选D。第4题【单选题】Economic factors aside,the imbalanced distribution of educationalresources also affects fairness of education.A、unjustB、impartialC、unevenD、improper【正确答案】C【答案解析】imbalanced不平衡的,不均衡的。uneven不均衡的。参考译文：除经济因素外，教育资源分配不均同样影响到了教育的公平性。第5题【单选题】Did you ask the guard
6、 happened?Yes,he told me all_he knew.A、what；thatB what；whatC which；whichD、that；that【正确答案】A【答案解析】what happened是宾语从句.a ll之 后that heknew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that。第6题【单选题】When shall we meet again?Make it day you like;its all thesame to me.A、oneB、anyC、anotherD、some【正确答案】B【答案解析】any day指“任意选择的一天,故正确答案为B。
7、第7题【单选题】The government has called for an independent inquiry into theincident.A、requirementB、examinationC、analysisD、investigation【正确答案】D【答案解析】inquiry调查,质询。investigation调查。参考译文：政府要求对这一事件进行独立调查。第8题【单选题】me to give you some advice.A、PurchaseB、EssenceC、PermitD、Bound【正确答案】C【答案解析】Permit许可;允许。第9题【单选题】Our ne
8、ighbor Uncle Johnson is a stubborn man.Needless to say,we triedto make him change his mind.A、in shortB、in secretC、in vainD、in danger【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题的四个选项都是以in开头的介词短语，因此考查的是词组的辨析、理解与运用。in vain白白地，徒劳。根据题意，正确答案应为C。第10题【单选题】I insisted that you wrong.A wereB areC、wasD、being【正确答案】A【答案解析】如suggest,insist不表示
9、建议 或 坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意”暗示、表明、”坚持认为“时，宾语从句用陈述语气。而在宾语从句中，主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态，本题选were。第11题【单选题】Many things make people think artists are weird.But the weirdest maybe this:artists-only job is to explore emotions,and yet they choose tofocus on the ones that feel bad.This wasnt always so.The e
10、arliest formsof art,like painting and music,are those best suited for expressing joy.But somewhere from the 19th century onward,more artists beganseeing happiness as meaningless,phony or,worst of all,boring,as wewent from Wordsworth/s daffodils to Baudelaires flowers of evil.By citingthe examples of
11、 poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire,the author intendsto show t hat.A、poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or musicB、art grows out of both positive and negative feelingsC、poets today are less skeptical of happinessD、artists have changed their focus of interest【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o事实细节题。根据题干信息
12、我们定位到第2段，该段可以分成两部分：第一部分是前两句，事实并非一直这样（艺术家将焦点投向消极的情感），最早的艺术形式是最适合表达快乐的；第二部分提到了华兹华斯的 水仙花和波德莱尔的 恶之花为例。按照议论文的论点论据的关系特点，首先提出论点然后以论据论证这个观点的正确性。本题举例部分为第2段 第3句 中as引导的时间状语从句，该句主句部分以及上文第2句就是论点所在。第3句句首but 一词暗示了“改变。D是论点的概括。第12题【单选题】It was a keen disappointment that I had to postpone my visit which I hadintended
13、to pay to Germany in January.A、我原计划访问德国，令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份予以推迟。B、我原计划一月份访问德国，后来不得不予以推迟，这使我深感失望。C、令我深感失望的是，我原计划访问德国，但不得不予以推迟到一 月 份。D、令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份推迟我对德国预定的访问。【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查定语与中心语之间的关系。A 项中I hadintended to pay to Germany in January,表明我对德国的访问是一月份的，所以把一月份用来做推迟的时间状语是不正确的，推迟不是在一月份。C 和 D 项犯了同样的错误，是原定
14、一月份的访问，而不是推迟到一月份。第13题【单选题】This cloth wont shrink when its washed.A、benefitB、smallerC、vagueD、convince【正确答案】B【答案解析】shrink收缩；畏缩；sm aller较小，更小的。第14题【单选题】In no country Britain,it has been said,can one experience fourseasons in the course of a single day.A other thanB moreC、better thanD、rather than【正确答案】A
15、【答案解析】other than除以外。more than超过/非常。ratherthan而不。第15题【单选题】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property ishome to trees that have lived for thousands of years.All of the villagesthroughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls acertain amount of land.We had the oppo
16、rtunity to sit in on a meetingwith the chief of Katchikow,which we called it“Catch a Cow/In themeeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area.He seemedto be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we werehelping with had come to his area.The chief of each villageA、is
17、 called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydroponics farmC、has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土地。第16题【单选题】Be qui c k!.A、The bus comes hereB Here comes the busC Here coming the busD、Here is the bus coming
18、【正确答案】B【答案解析】在 there,here开头的句子里，主语为名词，谓语动词是come,go等时，句子要倒装。第17题【单选题】Take a t a x i,y o u ll miss your train.A、andB、ifC、otherwiseD、or【正确答案】C【答案解析】祈使句可用来取代if从句来表示评论、提出要求、发出忠告或威胁等。用祈使句比用if从句表达更强的紧迫性。在表示评论和要求时，其连词用a n d,表示忠告时用连词otherwise,表示威胁时，用连词。r。第18题【单选题】Is there any news about my promotion?I regret
19、 you thatweve chosen someone else for the job.A tellingB to have toldC to tellD、o be telling【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。regret doing sth.为做过某事而感到遗憾;regret to do sth.遗憾地去做某事。根据上下文，回答者是想告诉问话人他们选了别人做这份工作，故应是regret totell.o第19题【单选题】Congress assembles together in January.A、rangeB、restrictC、gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答
20、案解析】assembles 集合，聚集；装配；收集；gather收集；收割；使 聚集；使 皱起。第20题【单选题】If I the money,I would have bought a much bigger car.A possessedB ownedC hadD、had had【正确答案】D 答案解析】第一个had是过去完成时,第二个had表示“有 。第21题【单选题】In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks thisweek,let us recognize at the outset the
21、se points.A、本着我希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。B、我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。【正确答案】B 答案解析which I hope will characterize our talks this week限制性定语从句，修饰frankness。I hope是定语从句中的插入语。In the spirit of：本着
22、 的精神。at the outset：在开始的时候。第22题【单选题】Our neighbor Uncle Johnson is a stubborn man.Needless to say,we triedto make him change his mind.A、in shortB、in secretC in vainD、in danger【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题的四个选项都是以in开头的介词短语，因此考查的是词组的辨析、理解与运用。in vain“白白地，徒劳。根据题意，正确答案应为C。第23题【单选题】Only two countries in the advanced worl
23、d provide no guarantee for paidleave from work to care for a newborn child.Last spring one of the two,Australia,gave up that dubious distinction by establishing paid familyleave starting in 2011.1 wasnt surprised when this didnt make the newshere in the United Stateswere now the only wealthy country
24、 withoutsuch a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy,theFamily and Medical Leave Act,passed in 1993.It entitles workers to asmuch as 12 weeks unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with afamily medical problem.Despite the modesty of the benefit,theChamber of Commerce a
25、nd other business groups fought it bitterly,describing it as“government run personnel management”and a“dangerous precedent/In fact,every step of the way,as(usually)Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balancemeasures into the law,business groups have been stronglyopposed.What has p
26、revented the passing of work-family balance laws inthe United States?A、The lack of a precedent in American history.B、The existing Family and Medical Leave Act.C、The opposition from business circles.D、The incompetence of the Democrats.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o事实细节题。根据题干定位到第2段末句。本句中提到，尽管民主党领导人努力将工作与家庭的平衡措
27、施提上立法日程，但那些商业组织还是一直都强烈反对。C项中的opposition与文中的strongly opposed相对,business circles与文中的business groups相对应，故正确答案为C项。文 中 说 家庭与医疗休假法在1993年时通过，故排除A项“在美国历史上没有先例；B项“现 有 的 家庭与医疗休假法，并非主要原因；文中提到民主党领导人支持工作与家庭的平衡措施的实施，只是遭到了来自商业团体的反对，故排除D项“民主党的无能。第24题【单选题】We have great differences today.What brings us together is th
28、at we havecommon interests which transcend those differences.A、现在我们有很大的分歧。但使我们走到一起的，是我们有跨越这些分歧的共同利益。B、今天我们有巨大的不同。使我们走到一起的，是我们有超越这些不同的共同利益。C、今天我们有巨大的分歧。使我们走到一起的，是我们有超越这些分歧的共同利益。D、今天我们有巨大的不同。使我们来到一起的，是我们有超过这些不同的共同兴趣。【正确答案】C【答案解析】great differences在句子中表示的是“巨大的分歧”的意思；interests在本句中不是表示“兴趣”，而是表示双方之间共同的利益。第
29、25题【单选题】When and where to build the new factory yet.A is not decidedB are not decidedC has not decidedD、have not decided【正确答案】A 答案解析】When and where to build the new factory 是主语,视作单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式。同时这句话还要用被动语态，所以答案是A。第26题【单选题】Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.A、这个计划没有一点用。B、这个计划只能招致灾祸。C、这
30、个计划一点害处也没有。D、这个计划是要战胜一切灾害。【正确答案】B【答案解析】nothing but表示只”的意思。第27题【单选题】Only when the war was over to his hometown.A、did the young soldier returnB、the young soldier returnedC、returned the young soldierD、the young soldier did return【正确答案】A【答案解析】only+状语或状语从句作状语时主句要进行倒装。本 句 是only+时间状语从句，所以后接的主句要倒装。这句话的意思是：直
31、到战争结束后，这个年轻的战士才得以返回故乡。第28题【单选题】A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control ofinsects is available.A、除了对昆虫的化学控制外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。B、除了用化学方法控制昆虫以外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。C、在对昆虫的化学控制方法外，有各种各样非常奇妙的方法可以利用。D、在用化学方法控制昆虫方面，有各种各样非常奇妙的方法可以利用。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题考查的知识点为名词短语。thechemical co
32、ntrol of insects不要译作“对昆虫的化学控制”，这样译太费解。把这个名词短语译作动宾结构，可译作“用化学方法控制昆虫。第29题【单选题】This is the last place where I expected to meet you.A、这是我最后一次见到你的地方。B、我料到最后会在此与你相逢。C、我怎么也没有料到会在这个地方见到你。D、我希望在最不可能的地方与你相见。【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题在翻译的时候需要注意对the last place的理解，在此处不能译为“最后的地方”，the last place where Iexpected表示的是“我怎么也没有料到的地
33、方。第30题【单选题】We rely more than any other major economy on the goods and servicesthat we export,the investment that we attract and we make abroad.A、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。B、英国比世界上其他主要经济更依赖商品和服务出口的投资、引资。C、英国对出口的商品和服务以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。D、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖超过了世界上任何其他经济大国。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案
34、选D o 本题主要考查经济的专业术语。原文中的economy指“经济大国，是近几年才出现的一种用法。第31题【单选题】You will be liable for any damage caused.A liberalB responsibleC、profoundD、rectify【正确答案】B【答案解析】be liable f o r 有 责任；有 义务；responsible负责的，可靠的；有责任的。第32题【单选题】The is expected to be passed in the next parliament.A、legislationB、toleranceC、graduateD
35、、instrument【正确答案】A【答案解析】instrument仪器；工具；乐器；手段；器械。第33题【单选题】The ISU wont finally approve the new system until it meets in June butalready UK Sport,the British Government/s sports body,has expressedreservations.I remain to be convinced that the random selectionsystem would offer the guarantees that eve
36、ryone concerned with ethicalsport is looking for,says Jerry Bingham,UK Sport/s head of ethics（伦理）.The attitude of those concerned in the UK to the new rulesproposed by ISU can be best described as.A、indifferentB、reservedC、enthusiasticD、positive【正确答案】B【答案解析】根据本段第一句话可知英国对他们提出的新规则是持保留态度的。第34题【单选题】“Peop
37、le disappear in that river every year/one of the policemen said tome that afternoon,half in dismay,half in frustration.A、年年都有人消失在这条河里，当天下午警察中的一个人半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。B、“这条河里年年都要死人，当天下午一个警察半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。C、“这条河里年年都有人消失，当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。D、”这条河里年年都要死人，当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o本题考
38、查的知识点为成语。英语和汉语都有许多成语。汉语的成语大多由四个字组成。英译汉时，适当地使用成语，译文显得简洁、生动，可以增加文采。第35题【单选题】There are too many big things involved this.A、beforeB、forC、inD、to【正确答案】C【答案解析】be involved in：牵涉,涉及到，答案选C。第36题【单选题】I am sure that you are asking.How does a rocket fly?If you want toknow,get a balloon and then blow it up until i
39、t is quite big.Do not tie upthe neck of the balloon.Let go!The balloon will fly off through the airvery quickly.The air inside the balloon tries to get out.It rushes outthrough neck of the ball and this pushes the balloon through the air.Itdoes not need wings like an air plane.A rocket can fly to th
40、e moonb e c a u s e.A it looks like a balloonB it is much lighter than an airplaneC、it doesnt have wingsD、it works like an untied balloon【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段都在讲述气球的飞行原理，来解释火箭的工作原理，因此选D。第37题【单选题】men have learned much from the behaviour of animals ishardly new.A、ThatB、WhetherC WhereD、When【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案为A,
41、是由that引导的主语从句。第38题【单选题】The tall,well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a farcry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.A、站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，当然是像我想象中的老海狼发出的一声遥远的呼唤了。B、一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生站在我面前，发出的一声遥远的呼唤，像我想象中的老海狼。C、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。D、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我想象中的老海怪一
42、样发出了长长的叫声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。standing before me”是现在分词短语，作定语，修辞gentleman,译成汉语可放在句首。a farcry from sth/doing sth”是习语，意思是：a very differentexperience from sth/doing sth与某事物 做某事物 大不相同。wolf是狼的意思，“sea wolf在这里是指海员，海员因长期在海上航行，在常人眼里有点怪异，译作 海怪比较贴切。第39题【单选题】He is always telling lies,so most people his promised wi
43、thcomplete disbelief.A、look outB、look afterC、look intoD、look on【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选Do本题考查词组。look on意为“看待,旁观。第40题【单选题】No longer.The Internet and pressure from funding agencies,who arequestioning why commercial publishers are making money fromgovernment-funded research by restricting access to it-is makin
44、g accessto scientific results a reality.The Organization for Economic Co-operationand Development(OECD)has just issued a report describing thefar-reaching consequences of this.The report,by John Houghton ofVictoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD,makesheavy reading for publish
45、ers who have,so far,made handsome profits.But it goes further than that.It signals a change in what has,until now,been a key element of scientific endeavor.Which of the following is trueof the OECD report?A、It criticizes government-funded research.B、It introduces an effective means of publication.C、
46、It upsets profit-making journal publishers.D、It benefits scientific research considerably.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o事实细节题。本段显示：大多数期刊都已开始通过互联网出版，O ECD的研究报告表明，新出版模式将给科学研究带来变化，并将产生深远的影响。“makeheavy reading的含义是 读来让人感到心情沉重，即依靠传统期刊出版模式盈利的机构会感受到巨大压力。因此选项C是正确答案。选项A 在原文中并没有提及；选项B 中的问题出在“介绍一种有效的出版模式的表述上，OECD的研究报告只是对出
47、版新模式的将来进行客观评估与预测，并没有说它目前已经产生了效果；D 的问题在于，报告本身并不能“给科研带来了相当大的好处。第41题【单选题】Its impossible to detach oneself from reality.A、scatterB、separateC reformD、prescribe【正确答案】B【答案解析】detach分离；派遣；使超然；separate分开；隔开；分居。第42题【单选题】Many species,for example,originate in small populations.A、轮廓；B、发源C、器官D、选择【正确答案】B【答案解析】origi
48、nate v i.发源；发生；起航。第43题【单选题】We have great differences today.What brings us together is that we havecommon interests which transcend those differences.A、现在我们有很大的分歧。但使我们走到一起的，是我们有跨越这些分歧的共同利益。B、今天我们有巨大的不同。使我们走到一起的，是我们有超越这些不同的共同利益。C、今天我们有巨大的分歧。使我们走到一起的，是我们有超越这些分歧的共同利益。D、今天我们有巨大的不同。使我们来到一起的，是我们有超过这些不同的共同兴
49、趣。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。great differences在句子中表示的是“巨大的分歧的意思；interests在本句中不是表示 兴趣，而是表示双方之间共同的利益。第44题【单选题】If they want to,thats fine with me.A、integrateB、sustainC、pressureD、license【正确答案】A【答案解析】integrate求积分；取消隔离；成为一体。第45题【单选题】My teacher had been with me several weeks before I understood thateverything has a
50、 name.A、我的老师和我相处了好几个星期以后，我才知道每样东西都有一个名字。B、我在知道每样东西都有一个名字以前，我的老师和我相处了好几个星期。C、老师教了我好几个星期以后，我才知道每样东西都有一个名字。D、我在知道每样东西都有一个名字之前，老师教了我好几个星期。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o本题考查before的译法。第46题【单选题】Peter has a changeable character.A、roleB、dispositionC、symbolD、nature【正确答案】B【答案解析】character性格，品质；disposition性情。第47题【单选题】Trans