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1、第12练祈使句积累运用一、基本概念祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号 或句号，读降调。二、用法详解1、祈使句结构1）肯定的祈使句动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up.请起立。Be + adj. Be careful! = Look out! = Take care!小心 / 当心！Lets +动词原形Lets go to school together.咱们一起上学去吧。2）否定的祈使句Dont +动词原形Dont stand up.别站起来。以be动词开头的祈使句的否定也是在前面加d
2、ont Don*t be careless.别粗心。Lets （let sb ） + not + 动词原形Lets not say anything about it.对于这件事，咱们什么也别说。let开头的祈使句否定也可以在句首加dont. Don!t let them play with fire.别让他们玩火。2、祈使句的反意疑问句1）肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you或wontyou。Please open the door, will/ wont you? 请把门打开,好吗?2）否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。Dont be late again,
3、will you?别再迟到 了,行不行?3）以lets开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。Let*s turn on the TV, shall we?我们把电视打开，好吗？只有以le六开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shall we,而let us开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反 问部分应为will you或wont you.如：Let us stay here, will/ wont you?请（你）让我们留在这好吗？基础过关练一、单项选择1. 一Gina,off the lights when you leave the room, please.一OK, Ms. Bro
4、wn.A. turnB. turningC. to turnD. turns【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意： Gina,当你离开房间的时候请关灯。好的，Brown女士。考查祈使句。根据“off the lights when you leave the room”可知此处是祈使句的肯定形式，以动词原形开头。故选Ao2. in bed. Ifs bad fbr your eyes.A. Dont read B. Dont to read C. Not readD. Not to read【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：不要在床上看书。这对你的眼睛不好。考查祈使句。根据后文“Itl bad for
5、 your eyes.”可知，空格所在句是命令不要再床上看书。表示请求和命令的 句子为祈使句，祈使句的肯定形式以动词原形开头，否定形式在句首加Dont,后跟动词原形。故选A。3. Sam,run in the hallways. Ifs very dangerous.一Sorry, Ms. Black.A. doB. dontC. notD. doesnt【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意： 萨姆，不要在走廊里跑。非常危险。抱歉，布莱克女士。考查祈使句的否定形式。祈使句的否定结构：don+动词原形，故选B。4. Dave,play computer games. It is time to go
6、to bed.A. doesntB. dontC. cantD. isnt【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：戴夫，不要玩电脑游戏。该上床睡觉了。考查祈使句。根据“Dave,play computer games.”可知，此处是祈使句的否定形式，用“don，t+动词原形”。故 选B。5. . ways to get on well with your classmates, or you will make yourself lonely.A. FoundB. To findC. FindingD. Find【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：找到与同学相处融洽的方法，否则你会感到孤独。考查祈使句。根
7、据. ways to get on well with your classmates, or you will make yourself lonely79 nJ知,此处结 构为“祈使句+。什句子”，空处使用动词原形。故选D。6. 一 Why do we run so fast, Molly?Its already 7 oclock now! Hurry up,we cant catch the school bus.A. orB. andC. soD. but【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我们为什么跑得这么快，莫莉？ 现在已经7点了！快点，否则我们赶不上校车了。考查连词辨析。or 否则，
8、不然；and 和；so 因此；but 但是。根据“Hurry up, .we cant catch the school bus.” 可知，句子结构为“祈使句+。什陈述句”，表示“快点儿，否则就会赶不上校车故选A。7. Pleasethe rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs.一OK, mum.A. putB. putsC. to putD. putting【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意: 请按照指示牌将垃圾放入不同的垃圾箱。好的，妈妈。考查祈使句。put放置，动词原形；puts动词三单；to put动词不定式；pu
9、tting动名词或现在分词。根据“Pleasethe rubbish into different litter bins”结合语境可知，此句是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。8. Tom,the umbrella with you. Its going to rain.一OK, mom.A. takingB. takesC. takeD. is taking【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：汤姆，把伞带上。要下雨了。好的，妈妈。考查祈使句。根据“Tom,.the umbrella with you.”可知，此处是一个祈使句，祈使句用动词原形。故选C。9. on the icon, and yo
10、u can send your order.A. To clickB. ClickingC. ClickD. Clicked【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：点击图标，您可以发送订单。考查祈使句使用。Click点击。根据“and”可知，本句应该使用句型“祈使句，and+句子”，表示“做什么，然 后你就会怎么样”，祈使句用动词原形开头。故选C。10. 一 Eric,your room please.OK, mom. Til do it right away.A. cleanB. cleansC. to cleanD. cleaning【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意： 埃里克，请打扫你的房间。好的，
11、妈妈。我马上就去。考查祈使句。句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。能力提升练二、用所给单词的正确形式填空11. (not talk) to the boy who is playing the piano now, will you?【答案】Don5t talk【解析】【详解】句意：不要和正在弹钢琴的那个男孩讲话，好吗？根据所给单词可知，这里是否定的祈使句，以Don开头, 后跟动词原形，故填Dont talk。12. (not give)up easily, and you 11 be successful some day.【答案】Don51 give【解析】【详解】句意：不要轻易放弃，总
12、有一天你会成功的。根据题干“up easily, and you11 be successful some day.”可知此 句句式为祈使句+and/or+陈述句，祈使句句式是以动词原形开头。结合题干后句“and you911 be successful some day可知总有一天你会成功的，可见前句是表达不要轻易放弃之意。用祈使句的否定形式，Don，t+动词原 形。故填 Dont give。13. Never (drop) the waste everywhere, will you?【答案】drop【解析】【详解】句意：不要把垃圾扔得到处都是，好吗？用来表示禁止的祈使句，句型结构为：Do
13、n，t/Never+动词原形。故 填 drop o14. (stay) indoors, and Big white“ will come to help you in time of hardship.【答案】Stay【解析】【详解】句意：待在家里，“大白”会在你困难的时候来帮助你。分析句子结构可知，这里是肯定祈使句，以动词原形 开头，句子开头首字母大写。故填Stay。15. . Judy,(not cross) the street when the traffic light is red.【答案】don9t cross【解析】【详解】句意：朱迪,红灯亮的时候不要过马路。根据“Judy,
14、(not cross) the street when the traffic light is red.”可知， when前的主句为祈使句，使用否定结构，don，t+动词原形。故填dont cross。16. (shake) the bottle before drinking it.【答案】Shake【解析】【详解】句意：喝之前把瓶子摇一摇。根据the bottle before drinking it.”可知，此处为祈使句，使用动词原形，首字 母大写。故填Shake。三、阅读单选Choose the best answer.(根据以下内容选择最恰当的答案。)The cowboy is t
15、he hero of many movies. He is, even today, a symbol（标志）of courage and adventure. But what was the life of the cowboy really like?The cowboys job is clear from the word cowboy. Cowboys were men who took care of the cows and other cattle（牛）. The cattle were in the West and in Texas. People in the citi
16、es of the East wanted beef from these cattle. Trains could take the cattle east. But first the cattle had to get to the train. Part of the cowboy, s job was to take the cattle hundreds of miles to the railroad towns.The trips were called “cattle drives. A cattle drive usually took several months. Co
17、wboys rode for sixteen hours a day. Because they rode so much, each cowboy brought along about eight horses. A cowboy changed horses several times each day.Cowboys had to make sure that the cattle arrived safely. Before starting on a drive, they branded the cattle. They burned a mark（t己号）on the catt
18、le to show who they belong to（属于）.But these marks didnt stop thieves. Cowboys had to protect the cattle from thieves. Thieves made the dangerous trip even more dangerous.Although their work was very difficult and dangerous, cowboys did not earn much money. They were paid badly. Yet cowboys liked the
19、ir ways of life. They lived in the wild and open country. They lived a life of adventure and freedom.17 . The cowboys job was to.A. be a hero of movies B. take care of cattle18 . Cowboys usually took cattle to.A. the West and TexasC. the wild and open country19 . Which of the following is TRUE?A. A
20、cattle drive took several days.C. Each cowboy brought along 2 horses.C. cook beefD. drive a trainB. the cities of the EastD. the railroad townsB Cowboys rode for 8 hours a day.D. A cowboy changed horses several times a day20. The underlined part branded the cattle “means.A. made a mark on the cattle
21、B. put the cattle in cagesC - tied the cattle togetherD. washed the cattle carefully21. make the trip even more dangerous and difficult.A. The bad weatherB.Lack of foodC. ThievesD.Attack（攻击）from other animals22. Cowboys liked their job becausethey made a lot of moneythey were heroes in many moviesA.
22、 their work was very difficult and dangerous B.C. they lived a life of adventure and freedom D.【答案】17.B18. D19. D20. A21. C22. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了牛仔的真正生活，虽然薪酬很少很危险，然而他们却很喜欢。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句Cowboys were men who took care of the cows and other cattle（牛）”可知，牛仔 的工作是照顾母牛和其他牛。故选B。细节理解题。根据第二段第七句Part of t
23、he cowboy9 s job was to take the cattle hundreds of miles to the railroadtowns.”可知，牛仔的部分工作是把牛带到几百英里外的铁路城镇。故选D。细节理解题。根据第三段第五句A cowboy changed horses several times each day.“可知，一个牛仔每天要换几 次马。故选D。词句猜测题。根据第四段第三句They burned a mark（记号）on the cattle to show who they belong to（属于）”可 知，他们是在牛的身上作记号。故选A。细节理解题。根据第四段第六句Thieves made the dangerous trip even more dangerous.“可知，小偷让旅途变 得更加的危险和困难。故选C。细节理解题。根据第五段第五句They lived a life of adventure and freedom.”可知，他们喜欢他们的工作是因 为这份工作充满了冒险和自由。故选C。