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1、第11练现在完成时警I积累运用 概述现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的、刚刚完成的动作（常与yet, already, just连用），或 者过去某一时刻发生的、持续到现在的情况（常与for, since连用）。 for / since 的使用for和since都是现在完成时的标志词，其用法归类及区别如下：since1） since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点，last month等）I have been here since 1989.自从 1989 年我就在这里 了。2） since + 一段时间 + agoI have been here since five y
2、ears ago.我来这儿已经有五年了。3） since + 从句Great changes have taken place since you left.自从你离开，这儿发生了巨大的变化。4） It is + 一段时间+ since从句It is two years since I became a middle school student.自我成为一名中学生已经有两年的时间了。forfor用作介词，后接表示一段时间的词语，如a year, three days等I have lived in Shanghai for many years.我已经在上海待 了好多年了。短暂性动词与持续性
3、动词转换在since和for的句子中，动词必须使用持续性动词纠错：I have borrowed the book for 3 days. 一 I have kept the book for 3 days.常用短暂性动词与持续性动词转换表短暂性动词持续性动词可以领取该卡，所以此空应填“also”表示打电话的方式同样可行的意思。故选C。go / leavebe awaycomebe herecome backbe backjoinbe in. / be a memberbecomebebuyhaveborrowkeepdiebe deadbeginbe oofinishbe overopenb
4、e openclosedbe closed4双，重基础过关练yg(i-一、单项选择1. Mr. Smith, it seems that you know a lot about this factory.一Oh, Ive here fbr many years.A. gotB. workedC. joinedD. come【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意： 史密斯，看来你对这家工厂很了解啊。哦，我在这里工作很多年了。考查延续性动词。got得到；worked工作；joined加入；come来。根据“for many years.”可知，需要延续性动词；worked是延续性动词；故选B。2. Yo
5、u dance so well, Alice.一Thanks. I Chinese dance since I was 5 years old.A. learnB. learntC. am learning D. have learnt【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：Alice,你跳舞跳得真好。谢谢。我从5岁开始学习中国舞。考查时态。根据since I was 5 years old”可知句子使用现在完成时have/has done。故选Do3. Your skirt looks so beautiful! When did you buy it?I it on my 16th birthda
6、y and I it for 2 years.A. buy; will buy B. bought; have had C. bought; have bought D. buy; had【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：你的裙子真漂亮！你什么时候买的？我16岁生日时买的，已经用了两年了。考查时态。根据“on my 16th birthday”可知，第一处是一般过去时，用过去式；根据“for 2 years”可知，第二 处是现在完成时，动词需用延续性动词。故选B。4. Tintinpopular for over eighty years.A. isB. will beC. wasD. has
7、been【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：丁丁（的故事）已经流行了 80多年。考查句子时态。根据句中“for over eighty years”提示，空格处应用现在完成时，指过去的动作或状态持续到 现在，或对现在造成的影响，可能持续发生下去。故选D。5. . I English fbr almost 9 years. Tm much better at it now.A. have studied B. studiedC. will studyD. study【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我已经学习英语将近9年了。我现在更擅长英语了。考查动词时态。根据for almost 9 years”和
8、，Tm much better at it now.”可知，该句使用现在完成时，主语是I, 结构是have done,故选A。6. I you for two years. I miss you very much.A. don9t seeB. wont seeC. didnt seeD. haven9t seen【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：我有两年没见到你了。我非常想念你。考查动词的时态。根据for two years”和语境可知，表示已经两年没见面了，用现在完成时have/has done, 否定在助动词后加not。故选D。7. Wegood friends since we were
9、 in middle school.A. have beenB. areC. wereD. will be【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我们从中学起就一直是好朋友。考查动词时态。根据since we were in middle school.可知，since+一般过去时常与现在完成时(have/has done)连用，故选A。8. My mother in this school for ten years and she is always patient with her students.A. taughtB. will teachC. has taughtD. is teachin
10、g【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我母亲在这所学校教了十年书，她对学生总是很有耐心。考查动词时态。根据for ten years and she is always patient with her students.“可知，她直到现在已经教了十 年书，本句需用现在完成时，其结构为：have/has doneo故选C。9. My grandparents taijiquan for a year now and they are both in excellent condition.A. playedB. will playC. have played D. were playing【答案】
11、C【解析】【详解】句意：我的祖父母打太极拳已经一年了，他们的身体状况都很好。考查动词0寸态。根据“for a year now”可知，“for+0寸间段”表示现在完成时，结构是“have/has done”。故选C。10. My neighbor Ms Li piano lessons to children for three years.A. is teachingB. taughtC. has taughtD. was teaching【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我的邻居李女士教孩子钢琴课已经三年了。考查时态。根据for three years”可知句子应使用现在完成时have/ha
12、s done。故选Co11. The little girl much help since she came to the new school.A. getsB. is gettingC. has gotD. will get【答案】c【解析】【详解】句意：这个小女孩自从来到新学校以来得到了很多帮助。考查动词时态。since+一般过去时的从句，主句用现在完成时have/has done的结构，故选C。12. Mr. Smithin a panda protection center since 2001.A. worksB. has worked C. workedD. will work
13、【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：自2001年以来，史密斯一直在一家熊猫保护中心工作。考查现在完成时。根据“since 2001”可知，此处应使用现在完成时，故选B。13. Its great to see you here. We each other since 2015.A. wont seeB. dont seeC. haven91 seen D. didn9t see【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：很高兴在这里见到你。自2015年以来，我们一直没有见过面。考查动词时态。根据时间状语“since 2015”可知，应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done。故选C。14. My f
14、atheras a volunteer in the community for three years.A worksB. workedC has workedD. will work【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我父亲已经在社区做了三年的志愿者。考查动词的时态。结合语境和“for three years”可知说话人的爸爸做志愿者从过去持续到现在已经有三年的时 间了，所以本句用现在完成时。故选C。15. He joined the army in 1972 and his mother since then.A. didnt seeB. wont seeC. doesnt seeD. ha
15、snt seen【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：他于1972年参军，从那以后就再也没见过母亲。考查现在完成时。根据题干中的“since then”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，现在完成时结构为“have/has+done”。再根据主语为第三人称单数形式，且句子为否定形式，所以此处应为hasnt seen。故选D。二、用所给单词的正确形式填空16. The girl has(write) more than 100 letters since last year.【答案】written【解析】【详解】句意：自从去年以来，这个女孩已经写了句。多封信。write“写，是动词，根据“since last
16、 year”可知，此处用现在完成时have/has done, write的过去分词是writteno故填writteno17. Mrs Green(teach) English in a secondary school for many years.【答案】has taught【解析】【详解】句意：格林夫人已经在一所中学教英语很多年了。根据“for many years”可知，此处应用现在完成时have/has done的结构，主语Mrs Green是第三人称单数，助动词用has, teach的过去分词是taught,故填has taughto 18. My sister(study) i
17、n this school since she came here.【答案】has studied【解析】【详解】句意：我妹妹自从来到这里就一直在这所学校学习。根据“sinceshecamehere尸可知，本句需用现在完成时, 其谓语结构是have/has+done。根据题干可知，本句的主语是“My sister”, study”学习，是动词，其过去分 词是studied,则本句的谓语结构应是has studied。故填has studied。19. We(hold) this kind of charity show every year since 2010.【答案】have held【解
18、析】【详解】句意:自从2010年以来，我们每年都举办这种慈善演出。根据“since 2010”可知该句应用现在完成时，其结 构为：have/has+过去分词。主语为We,助动词用have,动词hold的过去分词为held。故填have held。20. She (study) English since she was ten.She (begin) to study English when she was ten.【答案】 has studied began【解析】【详解】句意：她从十岁起就学习英语了。她十岁时开始学习英语。根据since she was ten”可知，第一句应为现在完 成
19、时，结构为“has/have+过去分词”，主语为第三人称单数she,助动词用has,第一空应填has studied；根据 “when she was ten”可知，第二句为一般过去时,谓语动词为begin开始”的过去式begano故填has studied； began。三、完形填空Would you like to visit Britain one day? Our country would like to welcome you!Overseas travel can be 21, But there are ways of visiting Britain cheaply. We
20、hope that we can give yousome good22.23to come?If you can avoid the busy months-July and August, your visit may be cheaper. There will be smaller numbers of visitors. British weather is pleasant from April to the end of September. Of course, you can visit in winter, but it is often dark by 4 p.m. Ma
21、ny places, such as large houses and castles, are closed early in winter. 24、if youare interested in museums, art galleries or theatres, winter may be a good time to visit.Be preparedIf you are a student, its a good idea to apply for an International Student Identity Card (身份证).With this card, you ca
22、n 25 a lot of money. You can get the card from your local student travel office, and you can 26 call (44)-08708-413224 to get it. To get the card, you need to show that you are a student, get a passport photo, and pay a little money.21. A. cheapB expensiveC goodD.bad22. A. suggestionsB, rulesC. acti
23、onsD.routes23. A. WhereB. WhyC. HowD.When24. A. ThereforeB. HoweverC. InsteadD.For example25. A. wasteB. useC. saveD.get26. A. justB. onlyC. alsoD.always【答案】21. B22. A23. D24. B25. C26. C【解析】【导语】本文介绍了一些以低价游览英国的方法。 21.句意：海外旅行可能很昂贵。cheap 便宜的；expensive 昂贵的；good 好的；bad 坏的。根据下文“But there are ways of visi
24、ting Britain cheaply.” 可知，连词but连接的上下句表达的是相反的意思，下句介绍的是游览英国可以是便宜的，那么第一空所在 句表达的应是“海外旅行可能很昂贵:故选B。句意：我们希望能给你一些好的建议。suggestions建议；rules规则；actions行动；routes路。通读全文可知，下文是作者介绍的一些以低价游览英 国的方法，结合选项可知，这些方法应是作者给我们去英国旅游的建议。故选A。句意：什么时候来？Where哪里；Why为什么；How怎么样；When什么时候。通读第三段可知，这段介绍的是游览英国最合 适的时候，由此可知这段在告诉我们“什么时候来(英国):故选
25、D。句意：然而，如果你对博物馆、美术馆或剧院感兴趣，冬天可能是参观的好时机。Therefore 因止匕；However 然而；Instead 反而；For example 例如。根据上文“Many places, such as large houses and castles, are closed early in winter.”可知，许多游览的地方在冬季很早就关门，也就是说冬季不是游览这些 士也方的好季节， 空后“if you are interested in museums, art galleries or theatres, winter may be a good time
26、to visit.”表示如果你游览博物馆等地方，冬季可能是好季节，句意出现转折，所以此空应填表转折的“however”。 故选Bo 25.句意：有了这张卡，你可以省很多钱。waste浪费；use使用；save节省；get得到。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍一些以低价游览英国的方法，由 此可知作者此处介绍的这张卡应是能省钱的卡，“save”符合文意。故选C。26.句意：您可以从当地的学生旅行社领取该卡，也可以致电(44)-08708-413224领取。just 仅仅，只是；only 仅仅，只；also 也；always 总是。can get the card from your local student travel office, and you can.call (44)-08708-413224 to get it.”可知，通过当地的学生旅行社的方式和打电话的方式都