《大学英语综合教程第4册课后习题答案.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《大学英语综合教程第4册课后习题答案.pdf（57页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、Appendix IKey to Exercises(Units 1-8)UnitlPart I Pre-Reading TaskScript for the recording:The song you are about to hear is based on a true story.It tells the tale of the sinking of a shipcalled The Edmund Fitzgerald that was caught in a storm on Lake Superior back in November 1975,with the loss of
2、all on board.Lake Superior is an enormous lake and the wind can at times make it dangerous to shipping,whipping up huge waves.November is a particularly dangerous month for such storms.This hadlong ago been noticed by a local native American tribe,the Chippewa,who used to speak of howdeath threatene
3、d from the lake when storm clouds gathered in November.According to legend,the big lake,which they called Gitche Gumee,was without mercy in that month,never giving upthose it had marked for death.It is this legend that starts the song before it moves on to talk of The Edmund Fitzgerald.TheEdmund Fit
4、zgerald,like many other ships that sail the lake,was built to carry iron ore.Filled with orethese ships lie low in the water and can find themselves in difficulties in rough weather.So,with a fullload on board we can imagine the anxiety that must have begun to creep into the hearts of thesailors on
5、board The Edmund Fitzgerald as they felt the cold wind beginning to rise and heard thesound of it singing as it blew through the wires.For;despite the fact that the captain and crewwere all experienced,well-seasoned as the song says,they all knew the dangers of Novemberstorms.Before long their worse
6、 fears started to come true and the storm had risen to a hurricane.The despair of the crew is captured in the words of the cook.First he comes on deck to tell thesailors it is too rough to cook,they will have to wait for their supper.The next we hear from himhe is saying-$6-Appendix Igoodbye to his
7、shipmates.Water is pouring into the ship.The captain sends out a distress signal,butthat is the last that is heard from the ship.It is swallowed up by the lake,leaving nothing behind butthe mourning families of the twenty-nine sailors and the sound of the church bell ringing in theirmemory.Now lets
8、listen to the song:The Wreck of the Edmund FitzgeraldGordon LightfootThe legend lives on from the Chippewa on downOr the big lake they call Gitche GurneeTke lake,it is said,rfever gives up her deadWhen the skies or November turn gloomyWitk a load of iron ore twenty-six thousand tons moreThan the Edm
9、und Fitzgerald weighed emptyThat good ship and true was a hone to be chewedWhen the gales of November came earlyTke skip was tke pride of tke American side Coming back fromsome m川 in Wisconsin As tke kig freigkters go,it was kigger tkanmost Witk a crew and good captain well seasoned Concludingsome t
10、erms witk a couple of steel firms Wken tkey left fullyloaded for Cleveland And later tkat nigkt wken tke skips kellrang Could it ke tke nortk wind tkeyd been feelingTke wind in tke wires made a tattle-tale soundAnd a wave broke over tke railingAnd every man knew,as tke captain did tooTwas tke witck
11、of Novemker come stealingTke dawn came late and the breakfast had to waitWken the Gales of November came slashingWhen afternoon came it was freezing rainIn the face of a hurricane west windAppendix 1-6?-When suppertime came,the old cook came on deck sayingFellas1,its too rough to reed ya21 fella:(sl
12、ang)fellow2 ya:(slang)youAt seven PM a main hatchway caved in,he saidFellas,its heen good to know yaThe captain wired in he had water coming inAnd the good ship and crew was in perilAnd later that night when his lights went out of sightCame the wreck of the Edmund FitzgeraldDoes any one know where t
13、he love of God goes When the waves turnthe minutes to hours The searchers all say theyd have madeWhitefish Bay If theyd put fifteen more miles hehind her They mighthave split up or they might have capsized They may have broke deep andtook water And all that remains is the faces and the names Of the
14、wivesand the sons and the daughters JLake Huron rolls,Superior singsIn the rooms of her icewater mansionOld Michigan steams like a young mans dreamsThe islands and hays are for sportsmenAnd farther helow Lake OntarioTakes in what Lake Erie can send herAnd the iron boats go as the mariners all knowWi
15、th the Gales of November rememberedIn a musty old hall in Detroit they prayed In the Maritime SailorsCathedral The church hell chimed til it rang twenty-nine timesFor each man on the Edmund Fitzgerald-66-Appendix 1Trie legend lives on irom the Chippewa on down Or thenig lake they call Gitche Gurnee
16、Superior,they said,nevergives up her dead When the gales or November comeearlyPart II Text Alexf Organization.PartsParagraphs Main IdeasPart OneParas 1-2Introduction Both Napoleons and Hitlers militarycampaigns failed because of the severity of the Russianwinter.Part TwoParas 3-11Napoleons military
17、campaign against RussiaPart ThreeParas 12-20Hitlers military campaign against the Soviet UnionPart FourPara 21ConclusionThe elements of nature must be reckonedwith in any military campaign.2.SectionsParagraphsMain IdeasSection OneParas 12-13Hitlers blitzkrieg against Russia and Stalins scorched eart
18、hpolicySection TwoParas 14-18the battles fought at Leningrad,Moscow and StalingradSection ThreeParas 19-20the Russian counter-offensive and the outcome of the warVocabulary1.1.1)alliance2)heroic 4)3)strokelimp5)minus6)regios 8)7)declarationssiegeAppendix I-$99)raw11)have taken their toll13)campaign1
19、5)has been brought to a halt2.1)is faced with3)is pressing on/pressed on5)picking up7)cut back10)retreat12)In the case of14)at the cost of2)get bogged down4)drag on6)falling apart8)take over3.1)The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the nearfuture.2)The border disput
20、e between the two countries resulted in thousands of casualties.3)Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way ofher career.4)Obviously the reporters question caught the foreign minister offguard.5)The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered th
21、e slide rule out of date/obsolete.4.1)At that time,the enemy forces were much superior to ours,so we had to give up theoccupation of big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build upour bases.2)Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization.Failure to reckon wit
22、h thisproblem will weaken its strength.In many cases,work may be brought to a halt by constant internal struggle in an organization.3)The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive victory against theGermans.In fact,this battle turned the tide in the Second World War.During t
23、his famousbattle,the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German armyby launching a series of counterattacks.II.More Synonyms in Context1)During the First World War,battles occurred here and there over vast areas.Some of themost dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenche
24、s of France and Belgium and in theno-mans-land between the trenches.2)Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts/homework paid off.3)1 spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement,but he turned a deaf ear to allmywords.4)Pneumonia had severely weakened her
25、body,and I wondered how her fragile body couldwithstand the harsh weather.-9 0-Appendix IIII.Usage1)But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health.2)A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeksand nobody knew anything about it.3)Its said he dropped dead from
26、a heart attack when he was at work1)Dont sit too close to the fire to keep warmyou could easily get burned,especially if youfall asleep.4)In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early.5)Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.Structure1.1)To his g
27、reat delight,Dr.Deng discovered two genes in wild rice that can increase the yield by30 percent.2)To her great relief her daughter had left the building before it collapsed.3)To our disappointment,our womens team lost out to the North Koreans.4)We think,much to our regret,that we will not be able to
28、 visit you during the coming Christmas.2.1)These birds nest in the vast swamps(which lie to the)east of the Nile.2)By 1948,the Peoples Liberation Army had gained control of the vast areas north of theYangtze River.3)Michelle was born in a small village in the north of France,but came to live in the
29、UnitedStates at the age of four.4)The Columbia River rises in western Canada and continues/runs through the United States forabout 1,900 kilometers west of the Rocky Mountains.Com prehensive ExercisesI.Cloze(A)1.invasion3.Conquest5.launching7.campaign9.reckon with11.bringing.to a halt2.4.6.8.stand i
30、n the waycatching.off his guarddeclarationdrag on10.die fromAppendix I-91-(B)1.In3.the2.since4.and5.it7.of/about9.to6.that/wh8.across10.lost11.to12.with13.buried14.in15.than16.between17.from19.down18.toII.TranslationThe offensive had already lasted three days,but we had not gained much ground.Ourtro
31、ops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance.The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launcha surprise attack.lb do so,however;we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraidwe might get boned down in the
32、mud.Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble.We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties.By a stroke ofluck,the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marshfroze over.Thanks to the cold weather;we arrived at our destinat
33、ion before dawn and beganattacking the enemy from the rear.This turned the tide of the battle.The enemy,caught offguard,soon surrendered.Part III TextBComprehension Checkl.d2.d3.b4.a-9 2-Appendix ITranslation(#JE Appendix III)Language Practice1.boast2.obstacles3.was concerned4.call.off5.paid off6.wa
34、s pinned down7.are contesting8.prior to9.holdout10.objective11.responsible for12.in case13.favorable14.due to15.on the eve plications18.stiff19.withstand20.absentPart IV Theme-Related Language Learning TasksWriting StrategyTick which of the following is more convincing:It was reported that General E
35、isenhower;though indecisive sometimes,hadnohesitation in ordering the assault on Normandy.J Eisenhowers chief of staft Brigadier General Water Bedell Smith,later wrote:He sat there.tense,weighing every consideration.Finally he looked up,and the tension was gone from his face.He said briskly,well,wel
36、l go.Model PaperCan Man Triumph over Nature?When people talk of man triumphing over nature,many things come to mind.One thinks ofsuccesses in medicine in the fight against disease,such as the invention of antibiotics and the promiseheld out by advances in biogenetic engineering.On a broader scale,on
37、e thinks of mans success inharnessing new forms of energy from steam power through oil to nuclear powerYet,nature has often hit back in unexpected ways to these attempts to tame it.New formsofAppendix I-98-disease that are resistant to antibiotics are constantly developing.Burning fossil fuels has l
38、ed tofears of global warming;while nuclear power has produced dangerous waste that will remain ahazard for generations to come.However;perhaps to talk of man triumphing over nature is the wrong way to look at the matter.We need to find ways to work with nature rather than forever fighting against it
39、.(154 words)Unit 2Part I Pre-Reading TaskScript for the recording:What will the world be like in five hundred years time?A thousand years time?Or more?Some people are optimistic,looking forward to a better world.Others are pessimistic,and fearthat things can only get worse.The writer of the song you
40、 are about to listen to takes thepessimistic view.Looking further and further into the future things seem to him to get worseand worse.By 3535,he foresees all our thoughts and feelings will be shaped by drugs.Lookingfurther still into the future he foretells that our bodies will waste away as machin
41、es do everythingfor us.Family life as we know it will fade away as children are bred artificially,chosen,in the wordsof the song,from the bottom of a long black tube.Given that man seems to pay so little attentionto taking care of the planet and avoiding using up all its resources,he ends by wonderi
42、ng whetherman will still be around in the future.Its enough,as he says,to make even God shake his head.Here is the song:In the Year 2525Zager&EvansIn the year 2525If man is still aliveIf woman can surviveThey may find-9A-AppendixIn the year 3535Aint gonna need*to tell the truth,tell no lies Everythi
43、ngyou think,do,or say Is in the pill you took todayIn the year 4545Aint gonna need your teeth,wont need your eyesYou wont rind a thing to doNobodys gonna look at youIn the year 5555Your arms are hanging limp at your sidesYour legs not nothing to doSome machine is doing that for youIn the year 6565Ai
44、nt gonna need no husband,wont need no wife-Youll pick your son,pick your daughter.tooFrom the bottom of a long blackIn the year,7510If Gods a-comin he ought to make it by thenMaybe hell look around himself and sayGuess its time for the Judgment Day1In the year 8510Gods gonna shake his mighty headHel
45、l either say Im pleased where man has been Or tear itdown and start againIn the year 9595Im kinda wondering if mans gonna be alive Hestaken everything this old earth can give And he ain*tput back nothing1tubethe Judgment Day:the end of the world,the time of Gods final judgment of all peopleAppendix-
46、95Now its been 10,000 years Manhas cried a billion tears For whathe never knew Now mans reign isthrough But through the eternalnight The twinkling of starlight Sovery far away Maybe its onlyyesterdayPart II Text AText OrganizationPartsParagraphsMain IdeasPart OneParas 1-3New technology will have a d
47、ramatic impact on cars andhighways in the 21st century.Part TwoParas 4-9With the aid of advanced technology,smart cars will be sodesigned that they can help eliminate traffic accidents,determine their own precise locations and warn of trafficjams.Part ThreeParas 10-13GPS and telematics will make it
48、possible to build smarthighways,which will benefit us in more than one way.1)Smart cars can see,hear;feel,smell,talk,and act2)They can eliminate most car accidents;,3)They can alert the police and provide precise location ifstolen;4)They can monitor ones driving and the driving conditions nearby;5)T
49、hey can alert the driver who feels drowsy;6)They can locate your car precisely and warn of traffic jams.VocabularyI.1.1)expansion3)vapor 2)manufacturing4)take control of-96-Appendix15)hazards 司 satellite7)in ve rt 8)m a g n e tic9)bunched i0)intheair)got/was stuck approximately13)in application 1 4)
50、m o n o to n o u s15)mounted2.1)send out 2)standupfor3)result fr o m4)making up for5)starting up 6)play up play up7)give up 8)takeon take on3.1)With regard to the recent flood of corporate scandals,some professors from Stanford andHarvard say they will incorporate Enrons real-world lessons into thei