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1、备战2022中考英语各地市名校最新好题集锦（江苏专用）07任务型阅读一、阅读填表（2022江苏一模）Many of us have had this experience: we lie down in a bed other than our own, perhaps at a friends house or in a hotel room, and find it difficult to fall asleep.Why does it happen?A new study shows one reason is what the scientists call “first night
2、 effect”. They believe that one side of the brain acts as a “night watch to warn us about possible dangers. It prevented us from getting to sleep on the first night in a new environment.For the study, 35 young volunteers were told to sleep in a lab for several days as researchers watched their brain
3、 activities.According to the researchers, on their first night, the left brains were more active than the right brains and people had a hard time sleeping. However, left-brain activity reduced as days went by, falling even to the point of complete calm. In this process, the volunteers got better and
4、 better sleep experience.The findings suggest that the different rhythms of the sides of the brain influence our sleep. When the two sides work differently, the balance between them is broken. So, the brain cant relax and is sensitive （敏感的）to anything strange around.“At some level, the brain is cont
5、inuing to work ,even though you dont realize it,“ US professor Jerome Siege told Smithsonian Magazine. t4If something unusual happens, you can be alert （警惕的）More surprisingly, this is like the way some animals sleep. Whales, dolphins, and many birds can sleep with half of their brain while the other
6、 half stays awake, with one eye staying open.The researchers think that it is the result of evolution （进化）and works to protect us in possibly dangerous environments.If you have ever had first night effects, researchers advise you to bring your own pillow or sleep in a room similar to your bedroom ne
7、xt time you sleep away from home.TopicFirst night effectPeoplesMany people have difficulty getting to sleep on the first night in a newpossibleexperienceenvironment.The findings of the studyFirst night effect forces us to stay as one side of the brain is alert to possible dangers.As days go by, peop
8、les sleep experience 2 as the left-brain activity falls.The explanations to the findingsOn the first night in a new environment, peoples right brain is3 active than the left brain and that breaks the balance between them.Our brains continue to work without being realized at night so that we can be s
9、ensitive to anything unusual.Some other animals sleep in the similar way, which is thought to be4 by evolution.5 fromresearchersBring your own pillow or sleep in a similar room that looks like yours.【答案】1. awake2. improves3. less4. caused5. Advice#Suggestions【解析】本文主要讲述了什么是第一晚效应”以及科研人员给出的建议。1. 根据Whal
10、es, dolphins, and many birds can sleep with half of their brain while the other half stays awake, with one eye staying open.“可知，人和动物一样，“第一晚效应“迫使我们保持清醒，因为大脑 的一边对可能的危险保持警觉，因此awake“清醒的”符合句意，故填awake。2. 根据Tn this process, the volunteers got better and better sleep experience.”可知，在这个过程中志 愿者的睡眠质量越来越好，也就是说睡
11、眠质量改善了，结合“peoples sleep experience，是第三人称 单数，动词用三单形式，improves“改善”符合句意，故填improves。3. 根据“According to the researchers, on their first night, the left brains were more active than the right brains and people had a hard time sleeping.”可知,在第一个晚 匕 左脑比右脑更活跃,也就是说右脑 没有左脑活跃，结合“active than”，less符合句意,故填less。4. 根
12、据“The researchers think that it is the result of evolution（进化）and works to protect us in possibly dangerous environments.”可知，研究人员认为，这是进化的结果，结合“by evolution，需要一个过去 分词，caused“引起”符合句意，故填caused。5. 根据“If you have ever had first night effects, researchers advise you to bring your own pillow or sleep in a
13、room similar to your bedroom next time you sleep away from home.”可知，此段主要阐述 了科研人员给 出的建议，结合“The explanations to the findings”，首字母要大写，Advice/Suggeslions 符合句意，故 填 Advice/Suggestions o（2022江苏宜兴市树人中学一模） 先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词 必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。The Beatles, the most famous En
14、glish rock band （乐队）of the 20th century, are known as the most successful band in the history of pop music. The band started in 1960 in Liverpool and ended in 1970. From 1962, the group was made up of John Lennon, Paul McCarley, George Harrison and Ringo Starr.In the beginning, the band became known
15、 by playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg. Their first single Love Me Do helped them to achieve a great success in the UK in late 1962. After they became popular around the world with the single I Want to Hold Your Hand over the next year, they went on worldwide tours until 1966. Then the band devo
16、ted their music career mainly to the recording studio until their break-up （解散）in 1970.Based on skiffle （噪音爵士乐）and rock & roll, the band developed their own music style by mixing different kinds of music in creative ways. Such special music style had greatly influenced the later development of the W
17、estern music. As their song writing grew more and more famous, their influence was spread （扩散）to the social and cultural fields.The Beatles is the best-selling band in the history of popular music and 50 years after their break-up, their recording are still in great need. The Beatles have sold more
18、albums in America than any other artist. It is believed that their global sales have reached more than 1 billion. The group was included into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame （名人堂）in 1988. They were considered as the 20th centurys 100 most influential （有影响力的）people by Time magazines.The BeatlesIntrodu
19、ctionThe Beatles is one of the most successful bands of pop music.The band 6 for 10 years.Development At first, they caught peoples 7 by playing clubs. In late 1962, the song Love Me Do brought them a success . After 1966, they spent most time in recording their music.Influence The Beatles 8 differe
20、nt music style to form their own. Their music had a great influence on the Western music. Their influence went 9 the music field.10 The Beatles have sold the most albums in America. The group was included into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Time magazines chose them as the 20th centurys 100 most in
21、fluential people.【答案】6. lasted7. attention8. mixed9. beyond10. Achievements【解析】本文主要介绍了甲壳虫乐队的发展、影响以及成就。6. 根据The band started in 1960 in Liverpool and ended in 1970.“可知，乐队于 1960 年在利物浦成立, 1970年解散，也就是持续了 10年,结合空处可知，用一般过去时态，因此lasted符合句意。故填lastedo7. 根据“In the beginning, the band became known by playing cl
22、ubs in Liverpool and Hamburg.“可知，一 开始，这支乐队因在利物浦和汉堡的俱乐部演出而出名，结合空处可知，是通过俱乐部吸引眼球的, catch ones attention”吸弓| 眼球，故填 attentiono8. 根据Based on skiffle （噪音爵上乐）and rock & roll, the band developed their own music style by mixing different kinds of music in creative ways.“可知，乐队创造性地融合了各种音乐，形成了自己的 音乐风格，结合空处可知，需要一
23、个动词的过去式，因此mixed符合句意。故填mixed。9. 根据“As their song writing grew more and more famous, their influence was spread （扩散）to the social and cultural fields.”可知，他们的影响也扩展到社会和文化领域，也就是超出了音乐领域，beyond符 合句意。故填beyond。10. 根据最后一段内容可知，主要介绍了该乐队的成就，achievement符合句意，且用复数形式，结 合“Influence”可知，首字母大写。故填Achievements。（2022江苏省锡山高
24、级中学实验学校一模） 先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词 必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。There was once a boy who was out playing in a field with his friends. As they were playing, the boy came across a stone that looked interesting. It wasnt as dull （黯淡无光的）as the other stones. It was a little bit shiny.
25、But it was still quite dirty. The boy picked it up and decided to polish （擦亮）it.His friends laughed at him for this. They said, “Why are you polishing that old dirty stone? You are so stupid. But every day, when they went out to play, the boy would bring the stone with him, polishing it no matter wh
26、en they took breaks.This went on for some time. Then one day, the boy left his home to join his friends as usual. He had quite a surprise for them. When he showed them the stone, they were amazed. It was, in fact, not a common stone at all-it was a beautiful diamond. The boy had stayed up all night,
27、 polishing it until it was completely clean.There will be times in your life where people will try to discourage you. They will tell you that you,re wasting your time on some meaningless task. But when they do this, the best thing you can do is to pay no attention to them and continue to work toward
28、 your goal. You can turn a rough （粗糙的）stone into a diamond if you have persistence（毅力）and courage.Finding diamonds in the roughBeginningWhile playing in a field with his friends, a boy11an interesting stone by accident,which was dirty but a bit shiny.Main bodyThe boy polished the old dirty stone12 h
29、is friends were having a rest, even thoughthey laughed at him. To everyones surprise, the stone13out to be a beautifuldiamond.ConclusionIn our life, sometimes, people around us may tell us it just a14of time. But weshould stick to our goal. Because the more courage and persistence we have, the _15we
30、ll be to our goal.【答案】11. found12. when13. turned14. waste15. nearer【解析】本文通过介绍一个小男孩选择一块丑陋的石头打磨的故事，告诉我们当有人和你有不同意 见时，要坚定自己的想法。11. 根据“As they were playing, the boy came across a stone that looked interesting.“可知，当他们玩的时 候，男孩发现了一块看起来很有趣的石头，句子为一般过去时，发现came over此处可用found替 代。故填found12. 根据“when they went out
31、 to play, the boy would bring the stone with him, polishing it no matter when they took breaks”可知，当他们出去玩的时候，男孩总是带着这块石头，不管他们什么时候休息，他 都会打磨石头。所以此处用when当 时候故填when。13. 根据“When he showed them the stone, they were amazed. It was, in fact, not a common stone at allit was a bcautiftil diamond.可知，那不是一块普通的石头，而
32、是一颗美丽的钻石，此处表达turn oul to原来是，结果是“，句子为一般过去时，所以用过去式turned。故填turned。14. 根据“They will tell you that youre wasting your time on some meaningless task.continue to work toward your goal.”可知，别人告诉你在一些无意义的任务上浪费时间时，你能做的最好的事情就是不 去理会他们，继续朝着你的目标努力，浪费时间：a waste of lime。故填waste。15. 根据“You can turn a rough （粗糙的）stone
33、 into a diamond if you have persistence（毅力）and courage. 可知，只要有毅力和勇气，原石可成钻石。也可表示为越有勇气和毅力，我们就会离我们的目标越 近，近的：near,此处是the+比较级，the +比较级，所以用比较级形式nearer。故填nearer。（2022江苏无锡一模）先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。每个空格 只能填一个单词。As a teacher, you need to create rules for your classroom. But how can you make yo
34、ur students wantto follow the rules? Give them a hand in creating those rules! Here is how to do it.Start with a list of the main points, and then, through thoughtful discussion, work with your students to create a set of rules expressed in their language. Use this list as a starting point.Treat oth
35、ers as you would like to be treated.Respect other people and their things.Laugh with anyone, but laugh at no one.Pay attention to your own learning.Come to class and hand in homework on time.Most teachers agree that its best to choose only a few rules those leading to successful learning and a great
36、 environment. It*s too hard to remember a long list! Make your rules as clear and specific as possible. Then decide with your students help what the punishment will be for breaking those rules.Teach the rules as you would have a common lesson. It should be your first lesson. Discuss each rule, expla
37、in the idea behind it, and ask for examples of how it could be broken. Tell your students that rules help make everyones time in school more enjoyable, and use examples to explain this. The rules can also be posted as a reminder and each student is advised to take a copy of the rules home.Create cla
38、ssroom rules together with your students16To make students want to follow the rules.PreparationGive a list of main points.Process17 it together;Create a set of rules;Decide how to punish those who break the rules.AttentionDont choose18rules;The rules should be made19and specific;Read the rules in yo
39、ur first lesson.Follow-upPost the rules to remind everyone;20students taking a copy of the rules home.【答案】16. Purpose17. Discuss18. many19. clear20. Suggest【解析】本文主要讲为了让教室成为学习的好地方而制定教室规则，详细介绍了该如何和学生一起 制定教室规则。16. 根据“To make students want to follow the rules.”可知此处讲和学生起制定教室规则的目的， purpose“目的”，只有一个目的，用单数，
40、首字母大写。故填Purpose。17. 根据Start with a list of the main points, and then, through thoughtful discussionnnj 知一开始要一起 讨论，discuss”讨论”，此处是祈使句，用动词原形开头，句子开头首字母大写。故填Discuss。18. 根据“Most teachers agree that its best to choose only a few rules”可知建议不要选择太多规则， rules“规则”，是可数名词的复数形式，所以用many“许多”修饰。故填many。19. 根据“Make you
41、r rules as clear and specific as possible.”可知规则应该明确和具体，clear”清晰易懂 的；明白清楚的故填clear。20. 根据“The rules can also be posted as a reminder and each student is advised to take a copy of the rules home.可知要建议学生们带一份规则回家，结合“students taking”可知用suggest sb. doing表示“建议某 人做某事”，此处是祈使句，以动词原形开头，首字母大写。故填Suggest。（2022江苏泰州
42、一模）In 2009, Todd Bol put up a little free library. That was to show his love for his mother, who was a book lover and teacher. Bol wanted to share his mothers love for reading with others. He built a wood box and filled it with books. He put the box in his yard. This was the beginning of Little Free
43、 Library. The idea spread and Todd made a wise decision to set up Little Free Library as an organization with a sign that reads “Little Free Library. ORG: Take a Book.Return a Book. Today there are about 100,000 little free libraries in over 100 countries and they have made a great difference to mil
44、lions of peoples life.Studies have shown that books have a meaningful influence on childrens literacy （识字）.Children who love reading can do well at school.Little Free Library can improve relationship between neighbours and strangers, too. There are many little libraries in peoples front yards, shari
45、ng the joy of reading with anyone who passes by. I just live in such a world where books are highly valued （被珍惜）,“Catherine, an American woman, said. Ive even got a note of thanks from a gentleman named Esteban. He was thankful to have a 4friend, on a cold night: Thank you for this wonderful gift of
46、 a book. Its an excellent friend on this cold and lonely night. Ill return one in its place as soon as I can!Hopefully, when each building has such a library, we will soon have a society where people spend less time on the phone and more on the pages of a book.Little Free LibraryThe beginning of Lit
47、tleFree LibraryTodd Bol built the first Little Free Library. In order to show his love to his mother, he21to set up a little free library to ask people to borrow and returnbooks.The spread of LittleFree LibraryThe number of little free libraries around the world has22about 100,000.It has23peoples li
48、fe greatly.The benefits （好处）ofLittle Free LibraryIt helps children have24literacy skills and do well at school.It brings people, including25_ and strangers, closer.A（n） 26 of abook loverAn American woman called Catherine27living in a world with many littlelibraries nearby.A gentleman felt28because of a book he borrowed and he wrote athank-you note to Catherine.The writers29Each building will have a library and people wi