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1、2019年上海高三下学期高考模拟英语试卷（十六）学生用卷一、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)I、【来源】2019年上海高三下学期高考模拟第2130题10分Columbuss Trips to AmericaChristopher Columbus made four trips across the Atlanlic Ocean. He was oneof 1 (important) explorers in history. The famous Italian started out by trading sugar in the seaports of Portugal. H
2、e lived during the golden age of discovery, 2 everybody wanted to explore the world.Columbus first set sail in 1492, while working for the King and Queen of Spain. His goal was 3 (discover) a passage to Asia. Europeans held a firm belief 4 there were wonderful treasures in Asia, but it was too hard
3、to enter Asia on land.After 70 days out at sea, on Oct. 12, Columbus and his crew saw land. Il was a smallisland. 5 (call) San Salvador (now an island of the Bahamas) . He thought he 6(find) Asia and named the local people Indians. Hediscovered more islands and called them Indies . But it was actual
4、ly America. Columbus, like the rest of Europeans at the time, never knew America 7 (exist) . And Columbus even died never 8(know ) this.Nevertheless, 9 Columbus, Europe started to do more business with these new islands. 10 people found out that the land was actually a new continent, America, they c
5、alled it the New World. Columbus was able to connect the Old World (Europe, Asia and Africa) with the new world. This allowed of future globalization, and the modern world where wc live today.二、选词填空(共10小题，每小题I分，共10分)2、【来源】2019年上海高三下学期高考模拟第3140题10分A surprisinglyB. sufYcringC. enjoyD. eliminateLfuelF.
6、 availableG. balanceH. pnmanlyD. RcmonbcnngJ. limne*NKcan be divided into two basic categories: real food and pleasure food. Real foodis 1 for the bodys needs, while pleasure food, which is high in fat and sugar, could make your boss wonder why you havent tried to improve things on your own. If you
7、really arc doing things the way theyve always been done, theres almost certainly a better way.Hes lazy/incompetent.There will always be rude or incompetent people in any workplace, and chances are that everyone knows who they are. If you dont have the power to help them improve or to fire them, then
8、 you have nothing to gain by broadcasting your colleagues ineptitude （无能）. 3 Your heartless will inevitably come back to bite you in the form of your coworkers negative opinions of you.Thats not in my job description.This often sarcastic （挖苦的）phrase makes you sound as （hough youre only willing to do
9、 the bare minimum required to keep getting a pay check, which is a bad thing if you like job security. If your boss asks you to do something that you feel is inappropriate for your position, the best move is to complete the task eagerly. 4 And then you ask whether your job description needs an updat
10、e. This ensured that you avoid looking narrow-minded. It also enabled you and your boss to develop a long-term understanding of what you should and should be doing.A. Announcing others, incompetence comes across as an insecure effort to make you look better.B. Being dramatic probably only makes you
11、a clown in the office.C. Dont ask me; ask my boss.”Later, schedule a conversation with your boss to discuss your role in the company.D. Saying so suggests that you think life is supposed to be fair, which makes you look naive.E. ”This is the way it, s always been done.”六、概要写作（共10分）8、【来源】2019年上海高三下学期
12、高考模拟第71题10分Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea and the main point （s） of the passage. Use your own words as far as possible.The Stressed American KidsIm usually fairly skeptical （怀疑的）about any research that concluded that people are either happier
13、 or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of these statements might be true, they arc practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that todays children arc significantly more anxious than children in
14、the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.Why are American kids so stressed? The report gives two main causes: increasing physical isolationbrought on by high divorce ra
15、ces and less involvement in community, among other things-and a growing impression that the world is a more dangerous place.Given that we cant turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope.A( (he top of the list is nurturing (培育)a better appreciation of the limits
16、of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress. To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-f
17、ace relationships, and they will get more sleep.Limit the amount of virtual violence your children are exposed to. Its not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news.Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never at
18、tended Harvard or Yale.Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesnt have to ruin your life.七、翻译(共4小题，共15分)9、【来源】2019年上海高三下学期高考模拟第72题20172018学年10月上海闵行区上海市七宝中学高三上学期月考第72题翻
19、译为了确保他参加会议,我会提前一周给他打电话。(ensure)10、【来源】2019年上海高三下学期高考模拟第73题翻译句子因为经济萧条，该市的电影业举步维艰。(difficulty)11、【来源】2019年上海高三下学期高考模拟第74题当地人的友好和热情给初次来到埃及的游客留下了深刻的卬象。(impression)12、【来源】2019年上海高三下学期高考模拟第75题他的亲友们没有料到他宁可在孤岛上坚守岗位，也不愿意接受那家公司的高薪聘请。（wouldrather）八、书面表达（共25分）13、【来源】2019年上海高三下学期高考模拟（十六）第76题25分Directions: Write
20、an English composition in 120150words according to the instructions given in Chinese.日前，北京市教育考试院公布中高考改革方案。从2016年起，北京上调中高考的语文考试分 值，语文在中高考总成绩中占更大比例。你认为这样做有什么意义？请就此谈谈你的看法。1、 答案the most important;when;to discover;that;called;had round;existed;knowing;(hanks to 或owing to/ due to/ because of;When;【答案】【答案】
21、【答案】C;C;A;B;D;A;C;D;C;D;B;B;D;A;A;【答案】【答案】(DC;A;D;D;5、【答案】(1)C;D;D;6、【答案】(1)A;C;D;(4) D;7、【答案】E;F;A;D;8、 【答案】 Todays children are under great pressure, mainly because of their growing physical isolation and the common thought that the world is getting more dangerous. To help them, parents should bet
22、ter understand their kids limits, restrict the amount of virtual violence children may see, keep their expectations rational and encourage kids to exercise every day.9【答案】In order to ensure that he will attend (he meeting/ensure his attendance of the meeting I will call him a week in advance/ahead o
23、f time/beforehand.91()、答案 Because of the economic depression/ Because the economy is weak, the citys film industry is in difficulty.11、 答案 The friendliness and warmth/ passion/ enthusiasm of the local people left/made a deep impression on the tourists who first visited Egypt/visiled Egypt for the fi
24、rst time. *12、【答案】His relatives and friends didnt expect that he would rather stick to his post on t he lonely/isolated island than accept the well-paid job offered by that company.13、【答案】略is 2 for taste satisfaction. The categories are pretty 3 . Broccoli is real food. Cookies are in the pleasure g
25、roup.When you are hungry, you are faced with choices. If you arent 4 from excessive hunger, you can be sensible. Go to the refrigerator. What looks good? If you have chosen a real food, say, a turkey sandwich, you can be certain your body can use it for fuel. Eat it and 5 .Two hours later you arc hu
26、ngry again. Go back to the refrigerator. What looks good? Icc cream. Stop! Ice cream is not what your body needs. A piece of toast with peanut butler and a glass of milk sound good too. Okay, go ahead, 6 that high-fat real foods should be eaten in moderation.One trick is to 7 pleasure foods from you
27、r kitchen. Instead, keep a variety of high-quality foods 8 at all times. In short, buy lots of delicious real food, and get rid of the junk.9 , when you know you can eat anything you want, and that you never have to pul up with unsatisfied hunger again, it takes a lot of pressure off. You will begin
28、 to want to eat what your body needs, and your body will begin to need foods that will leadto 10 . You might even look younger because they also help give out antioxidants （抗氧化剂）.三、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）3、【来源】2019年上海高三下学期高考模拟（十六）第4155题15分Directions: For each blank in the following passage there arc
29、four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The definition of insanity （madness） is doing the same thing over and over again and expecting a different result. You may 1 this brilliant quote from genius physicist Albert Einstein.2
30、, a quick Google search shows that this quote first appeared in print in 1981, in a booklet by a US organization that helps people quit smoking, some 25 years after the scientist died.Many famous people have 3 said less than half the things youve heard them being quoted on. This is because quotas ar
31、e more quotable and inspirational when they 4 those famous for their success and wisdom.Misattributing （张冠李戴）quotas is just one aspect of our tendency to give celebrities （名人） more 5 than they deserve. Nowadays, its not just 6 we want to gain from famous people;wc 7 everything from soccer players1 h
32、airstyles to pop singers fashion sense.In a recent BBC radio program, Jamie Tehrani, an anthropologist, tried to 8 this phenomenon.Humans acquire knowledge and skills by copying others, 9 through individual trial and error, Tehrani says. Wc pay far more attention to the habits and behaviors displaye
33、d by famous people than those by 0 folks in our community.In primitive （原始的）society, if a hunter is extremely JJ hunting, he would be well respected and other hunters would study his hunting skills or copy his 12 of making weapons. He was a role model because he helped other people have a better cha
34、nce of 13 .But in the modern world, politicians and singers become famous through scandals （丑闻）.The pop culture seems to 14 celebrity status （position） to people who dont deserve it. So, we need to ask ourselves if someone can really teach us something superior before 15 them celebrities. Make a wis
35、e choice.A. takeB. keepC. recogni zel）. absorbA. MoreoverB. ThereforeC. Howeverl）. OtherwiseA. probablyB. hardlyC. completelyD. suddenlyA. date fromB. come fromC. result fromD. differ fromA. encouragementB. assessmentC. rewardD. praiseA. wisdomB. modelC. practiceD. wealthA. quitB. denyC. copyD. purc
36、haseA. blameB. describeC. overlookD. explainA. less thanB. better thanC. rather thanD. more thanA. localB. distinguishcdC. smartD. ordinaryA. curious aboutB. good atC. busy withD. free ofA. courageB. methodC. desireD. progressA. existingB. recoveringC. winningl). survivingawardB. supplyC. growD. cul
37、tivatelabelingB. regardingC. bringingD. guaranteeing四、阅读理解（共11小题，每小题2分，共22分）4、【来源】2019年上海高三下学期高考模拟（A篇）第5659题8分（每题2分）Are you a media addict (有瘾的人)who would go mad after two hours without TV, friend requests, exciting online games and your mobile-or would you easily survive?Recently, university studen
38、ts around the world were asked to volunteer in a global experiment called Unplugged. It was designed to see how young people would react if they were asked to observe a total media ban by unplugging all forms of media devices for 24 hours.Unplugged is being run by Dr. Roman Gerodimos, a lecturer in
39、Communication and Journalism at Bournemouth University. The experiment is now over but he doesnt yet know the full findings. However, during the experiment. Dr. Gerodimos said there were already signs of how much the exercise affected volunteers. He said, Theyre overeating, feeling nervous, isolated
40、 and disconnected.During those 24 hours, three of the experiments participants had to endure one intrusion (入侵) from the media: a BBC reporter plus camera man who followed them around for the day. They were asked to write down 100 lines about their day off-line, but of course, they all wailed until
41、the next day when they had access to their computers.Elliot Day wrote, Today, my whole morning routine was thrown ud into the air. Despite being aware of the social importance of (he media, I was surprised by how empty my life felt without the radio or newspapers.And Charlotte Gay wrote, I have to s
42、ay the most difficult item for me (o be without has been my mobile. Not only is it a social tool, but its also my main access point of communication.Earlier in the year, a UK government study found that in the UK people spend about half their waking hours using the media, often trj ing to know sever
43、al things at once. And a recent study by Nielson found that on average, US teenagers send and receive over 3, (X)0 texts per month-thats about six texts per waking hour.So, with technology continuing to develop at an alarming rate, how much time will you set aside for sleep in the future?(1) The pur
44、pose of the Unplugged experiment is to .A. find out how many people are media addictsdecide whether a total media ban is necessaryB. observe what people would do without any media devicesee how many people would go mad when isolated(2) Which of the following may be the most typical reaction of a you
45、ng volunteer participating in the experiment?A. As if cut away from the world.B. As cool as a cucumber.C. It* s not at all different from any other day.D. It* s easier to concentrate without disturbance.(3) The phrase thrown up into the air in paragraph 5 is closest in meaningto .A. completed nicely
46、done right on timeB. finished just as usualgiven up altogether(4) The UK government study and Nielson study in paragraph 7 are menlioned to suggest that .A. young peop1e want to learn about more thingstexts are teenagers, favorite way of communicationB. US youth and UK youth share the same interests
47、many people around the world are media addicts5、【来源】2019年上海高三下学期高考模拟(十六)(B篇)第6062题6分(每题2分)Homemade Natural SunscreenIngredientsIngredients 1/2 cup olive （橄榄）oil 1/4 cup coconut （椰子）oil with natural SPF （sun protection factor） 4 1 /4 cup beeswax （蜂蜡） 2 tablespoons zinc oxide （氧化锌）（This is a version t
48、hat wont be absorbed into the skin. Be careful not to breathe into the powder）. Optional: up to 1 teaspoon red raspberry seed oil Optional: up to 1 teaspoon carrot seed oil Optional: up to 1 teaspoon vitamin E oil Optional: essential oils, vanilla extract （香草萃取物）or other natural extracts to suit your preferenceInstructions1. Combine ingredients except zinc oxide in a larger glass jar. I have a mason jar （see Fig. 1） that I keep just for making （护肤液）and lotion bars, or you can even reuse a glass jar from foods.2. Fill a medium saucepan with