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1、Unit 4 Natural Disaster词汇学习运用2+语篇训练（学生版）【新教材精创】2020-2021学年高一英语新教材知识讲学（人教版必修第一册）Stepl阅读短文，从备选项中选择合适的词汇，并用其适当形式填空。备选项：supply shelter disaster destroy trap affect in ruins causeIts known that the earthquake is one of the most powerful natural I. disasters in the world. And its difficult to predict （预测）
2、it in advance.Several years ago, an earthquake which reached a magnitude of 7.8 suddenly hit New Zealand. It struck the South Island, 2. causing hundreds of aftershocks and a tsunami.Some roads and buildings 3. were destroyed by the earthquake and its aftershocks. In the coastal town of Kaikoura, a
3、popular whalc-watching destination, many people found their water and power 4. sui）lies cut off. Some parts of the town lay 5. in ruins. From all directions, Kaikoura was completely cut off from the outside.After the earthquake, helicopters and a navy ship were sent there to rescue about 1,000 peopl
4、e who 5. were uapped in the town. The people who lost their homes had to take 6. shelter in the tents.After touring the 7. affected area, John Key, the then New Zealands Prime Minister predicted that clearing away the debris （瓦砾）and the blocked roads could take months.二、根据句意及括号内的汉语提示填空，使句子完整、通顺。（每空限
5、填一词，缩写算一词）Wherever you live, its necessary for you to learn to prepare for some emergencies （紧急状况）.1. If you are lost in the mountains, stay calm / cool （镇静的）in the face of darkness, loneliness and the unknown world.2. I know from my science teacher that the body lenglh （长度）of the worlds smallest sn
6、ake is under 4 inches.3. It was Tom who helped me deliver （递送）the books to my uncle yesterday afternoon.4. His mother stood there, waving （挥手）goodbye to her son on the train who was going to the front.A. Happy Valley was badly damaged about 50 years ago.B. The Gulf of St. Lawrence often suffers eart
7、hquakes.C. Quebec has never experienced earthquakes before.D. Labrador is hardly hit by big earthquakes.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第一则新闻第三段的.but the earthquakes there are usually small. The last earthquake 1 can find of this size in the area happened about 50 years ago可知 Labrador 彳艮 少有大的地震发生。3. What does the un
8、derlined word generate in News 2 mean?A. Suffer. B. Mean. C. Stop. D. Cause.答案：D解析：词义猜测题。根据划线词前Luckily可知，这起地震没有“引发”海啸。4. What can we learn about the 7.0-magnitude earthquake from the passage?A. It caused no injuries or deaths.B. People in the Tokyo area couldnt feel it.C. It happened right under an
9、island.D. It left nearly 20,000 people dead or missing.答案：A解析:细节理解题。根据第二则新闻第二段的No people lived on the island, so the earthquake led to no deaths there. Buildings in the Tokyo area shook, but no damage or injuries were reported. nJ 知答案。EWhether people can do right things during the earthquake may mea
10、n the difference between life and death. Rescue teams and experts all agree that Drop, Cover, and Hold Onis the right action to reduce injury and death during earthquakes.DROP down on your hands and knees (before the earthquakes knock you down). This position protects you from falling and allows you
11、 to still move if necessary. Trying to move during shaking puts you at risk. Earthquakes occur without any warning and may be so violent that you cannot run or crawl; therefore you will most likely be knocked to the ground where you happen to be. So it is best to drop before the earthquake drops you
12、, and find a nearby shelter or use your arms and hands to protect your head and neck.COVER your head and neck (and your entire body if possible) under a strong table or desk. If there is no shelter nearby, only then should you get down near an interior wall (内墙)，and cover your head and neck with you
13、r arms and hands. The greatest danger is from falling and flying objects: Studies of injuries and deaths caused by earthquakes over the last several decades show that you are much more likely to be injured by falling or flying objects than to die in a collapsing building. Drop, Cover, and Hold On(as
14、 described above) will protect you from most of these injuries.HOLD ON to your shelter (or to your head and neck) until the shaking stops. Be prepared to move with your shelter if the shaking moves it around. If you are in bed, the best thing to do is to stay there and cover your head with a pillow.
15、 Studies of injuries in earthquakes show that people who moved from their beds would not have been injured if they had remained in bed.1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. One who is sleeping in bed should get out of bed when an earthquake happens.B. We should mov
16、e out of a building as quickly as possible when an earthquake happens.C. Drop, Cover, and Hold On can protect people from any injury in the earthquake.D. Only when we cant find shelter nearby, should we get down next to an interior wall.答案：D解析：细节理解题。由第三段“If there is no shelter nearby, only then shou
17、ld you get down near an interior wall (内墙)”可知，在附近没有庇护物的情况下，你应该靠近内墙，故可知答案。2. What can we infer from the passage?A. The bed is the best place to stay if one is caught in an earthquake.B. One shouldnt take shelter near a bookcase (书杆i) for it may fall easily in earthquakes.C. Theres hardly any methods
18、to protect us in an earthquake.D. Ones head and neck are the only parts of ones body needing protection during earthquakes.答案：B 解析:推理判断题。由第三段的The greatest danger is from falling and flying objects .”可推 断地震时躲在书柜边是危险的，因为书柜受地震晃动影响，很容易翻倒，并砸到人，故可知 答案。3. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probab
19、ly mean?A. Collapsing buildings are less dangerous than falling or flying objects.B. Falling or flying objects can only get one injured rather than get one killed.C. Most people are injured instead of being killed during earthquakes.D. People are more likely to be injured by falling or flying object
20、s than being killed by a falling building.答案：D解析：细节理解题。“you are much more likely to be injured by falling or flying objects than to die in a collapsing building.”一个人在地震中被掉下的或飞来的物体伤害的可能性要大于被倒 塌房屋砸死的可能性，故可知答案。4. What is the main purpose of the authors writing this passage?A. To warn people of the dang
21、er of earthquakes.B. To introduce some knowledge about earthquakes.C. To inform people of the biggest dangers in earthquakes.D. To tell people the right action to take during earthquakes.答案：D解析：写作意图题。本文主要向人们介绍了遭遇地震时应当采取的正确应对措施，故可知答 案。6. After the lecture, every one of us was asked to write a（n） summ
22、ary （概要）of it by our class teacher.7. A small plane crashed （碰撞）into a mountain five miles east of the city, killing all the people on board.8. A powerful typhoon struck / hit （袭击）our town several years ago and a large number of people became homeless.9. Unfortunately, the little boy had stopped bre
23、athing （口乎吸）before he was rescued from the river.10. . I was shocked （震惊的）to learn that more than 8（） plastic bags were found in the stomach of a dead whale.三、语法填空。阅读短文，用适当的关系代词填空。Singapore is one of the foreign countries 1. ihal / which left a deep impression on me. 1 had a holiday in this wonderfu
24、l country last summer and I stayed there for 5 days. It is a good place for those 2. who love travelling with white shoes because the streets there are extremely clean. During my stay in Singapore, I visited some famous landmarks ,也标）3. that include the Meri ion statue, the Singapore Zoo and the Sin
25、gapore Botanic Gardens. For me, Singapore is well worth visiting. Firstly, the public transport system there is extremely satisfying. Another thing 4. that attracts me a lot is its multi-cultural nature. During the five days 5. that / which I spent in Singapore, I met lots of people 6. whose nationa
26、lities were different from mine. So I got the chance to practice my English by speaking with local people and other tourists. It was really fun.四、完成句子。根据汉语意思补全句子，每空一词。1 .洗完手后关掉水龙头，不要让水一直流着。Turn off the tap after washing your hands. Dont leave / keep the water running.2 .罗伯特拿到奖品时激动得一句话也说不出来。Robert wa
27、s too excited to say a word when he took the prize.3 .我在农场呆了一个星期，帮助我叔叔干农活。I stayed on the farm for a week, helping my uncle do farm work.4 .似乎这座城市在剧烈的地震后失去了活力。It seemed as if / （hough the whole city lost its life after the powerful earthquake.5 .这个长句很难理解，我需要向别人求助。The long sentence is very hard / dif
28、ficult to understand and I need to ask others for help.6 .我认为有必要在手边备一个急救箱。I think it necessary to have a first aid kit on / at hand.7 .那些在地震中幸存下来的人现在都待在户外。Those who have survived the earthquake are in【he open air now.8 .他同英国的其他英雄一道被埋葬在伦敦的威斯敏斯特教堂。He was buried at Westminster Abbey in London, along wi
29、th other heroes of Britain.9 .这些药正在被试用于心脏病患者。The medicine is being used experimentally on patients suffering from heart disease.10 .在一个老人的帮助下，汤姆最终知道了如何解决那个难题。With the help of an old man, Tom finally knew how to deal with the difficult problem.11 .他们的房子被洪水彻底毁坏了，所以他们不得不建造新房子。Their houses were destroye
30、d completely by the flood, so they had to build newones.五、阅读理解AJack Frost has paid another visit to the Midwest. For the second time this week, a major winter storm has left people from Oklahoma to the Great Lakes struggling to stay safe and warm. Heavy, wet snow has shut down major highways, put of
31、f flights and left hundreds of thousands of Midwesterners without power. Its just snow. Thats all we can see,“ said Shannon Wickware of Woodward, Ohio.The storm began in Texas on Sunday and rapidly traveled north. A gust of wind pushed the storm up towards Oklahoma, bringing fifteen inches of snow t
32、o parts of Oklahoma. It then moved cast and hovered over Chicago, dropping four inches of wet snow on top of the city and its suburbs. Airlines canceled (取消)nearly 50() flights at Chicagos OHare and Midway airports. Later, the storm swept Ohio, causing a lot of problems for the local people. Taking
33、into account the safety of their students in the storm, many schools in the affected areas either put off opening or did not open at all.In Kansas City, Missouri, up to ten inches of snow had fallen before midday on Tuesday. The citys mayor, Sly James, declared a state of emergency. Most government
34、and office buildings were shut down. Some hospitals were forced to close urgent-care clinics.While heavy snowfall is not usual for this part of the country at this time of year, it is the amount of moisture （湿气）in the snow that makes conditions extra treacherous”. When snow is especially wet, it wei
35、ghs down trees and brings down power lines. Roofs can cave in under the pressure and roads can become very icy. The power lines have cut off electricity to more than 100,000 homes and businesses in the Midwest.As snow falls and the temperature continues to drop, people are preparing the best they ca
36、n to stay dry and safe. The bad weather is making travel difficult for even snowplows （扫雪机）and repair vehicles.1. Whats the CORRECT order of the places that the snowstorm passed?a. Chicago b. Oklahoma c. Texas d. OhioA. d-c-a-b B. b-c-a-d C. a-d-b-c D. c-b-a-d答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的 The storm began in T
37、exas on Sunday.towards Oklahoma, bringing fifteen inches of snow to parts of Oklahoma. It then moved east and hovered over Chicago.Later, the storm swept Ohio.可知答案。2. What can be inferred about Kansas City, Missouri?A. It was seriously affected by the snowstorm.B. It had never experienced such a big
38、 storm before.C. It was hit worse than any other city by the storm.D. It wasnt hit as badly as expected by the storm.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段的up to ten inches of snow had fallen before midday on Tuesday . Most government and office buildings were shut down. Some hospitals were forced to close urgent-car
39、e clinics.可知这场暴风雪对这座城市的影响很大。3. What does the underlined word treacherous1 in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Pleasant. B. Dangerous. C. Natural. D. Amazing.答案：B解析:词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的 When snow is especially wet, it weighs down trees and brings down power lines. Roofs can cave in under the pressure and roads can beco
40、me very icy.可 知 treacherous意为“危险的”。4. What would be the best title for the passage?A. The Midwest was hit by snowstorms twice.B. Schools in America have been closed because of a storm.C. America has very severe weather this winter.D. Another major winter storm swept through the Midwest.答案：D解析：主旨大意题。
41、本文是一篇新闻，主要报道了美国的中西部遭受了新一轮的暴风雪袭击。BMaggie, a girl of thirteen years old, lived on the west coast of the United States. She had never experienced an earthquake before; she only prepared for it. As long as she could remember, preparing for an earthquake was common at her school. Her family had made plan
42、s as well in case of a natural disaster.One day, Maggie arrived home from school at the usual time. However, it was not the same as usual. She was home alone. Her mom would be driving home on the busy freeway and her dad was to arrive at the airport. He was coming home from a two-week business trip.
43、After finishing her homework, Maggie felt a little hungry, so she went to the kitchen to find something to eat. Just then she felt a shake, then the violent shaking. Maggie quickly ran under the large table in the dining room. The sounds of breaking glass and the crashing of many things were deafeni
44、ng, and Maggie hugged herself in fear.After what seemed like a very long time, the earthquake appeared to be over. Maggie could hear the sound of water rushing below her in the basement. And there was the smell of natural gas in the air. Maggie knew where the main water valve （阀门）was and how to turn
45、 it off. Dad had shown her before.Slowly and carefully she came out from under the table. The once tidy home was then almost unrecognizable. Walls had fallen down and many things in the room were in a mess. As Maggie approached the open basement door, she could see the steps. Carefully she made her
46、way down into the dark basement.While placing her feet firmly on the floor, Maggie felt a sudden pain as a large wood hit her head and shoulder. She fell unconscious onto a pile of boxes. An hour later, she woke up and found her parents beside her. She was happy that she was still alive!1. What can
47、we infer from the first paragraph?A. Earthquakes are the main natural disasters in the US.B. Maggies parents taught her how to survive in an earthquake.C. Earthquakes occur often in the west of the US.D. Maggie has some self-help awareness in earthquakes.答案：D解析：推理判断题。由文章第一段 As long as she could reme
48、mber, preparing for an earthquake was common at her school.可推知，Maggie有在地震中自救的意识。2. What docs the underlined word deafening* in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Very loud. B. Quite familiar. C. Very distant. D. Quite strange.答案：A解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中Maggie hugged herself in fear.可知，玻璃破碎的声音和许 多东西的碰撞声让Maggie感到很害怕，故可知deafening意为“震耳欲聋的”，由此可知答案。3. What can we know about Maggie?A. She was the only child in her family.B. She was not afraid at all during the earthquake.C. She was hurt when turning off the water valve.D. She had experienced an earthquake before.答案：C解析：细节理解题。由第四段 Maggie could hear t