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1、专题n语法填空一、2022年高考真题1.(2022年全国甲卷语法填空)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步)40 days to Xian, as a first step 61 (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线)by foot.On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 62 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 4
2、0 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 63 (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬)to the ancient Silk Road. 64 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.Cao and Wu al
3、so collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 65 (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 66 (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.In the last five years. Cao 67 (walk) through 34 countries in si
4、x continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africas 68 (high) mountain.Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers 69 Xian to Kashgar on Sept. 20,70 (plan) to hike back to Xian in five months.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。一名失明
5、的北京男子曹盛康徒步40天从北京到达西安，完成“一带一路” 徒步的首段旅程。61 .【答案】to journey【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步 旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行，step前面有序数词，应用不定式， 作后置定语。故填to journey。62 .【答案】who【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在这11。公里的旅程中，这位在8岁时因车祸而失明的男子曹胜康穿越了 三个省的40个城市和县城。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为CaoShengkang, 指人，在从句中作主语，
6、应用关系代词who引导。故填who。63 .【答案】held【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided,所以hold应用非谓语“house kits“ containing a basic house structure, with adjustable walls, doors and windows. They will put together the different parts 3 (create) the home they want.Space ho
7、lidays will develop in the future, but these holidays wont be for everyone because they are4 (expensive) than holidays on the earth. Short space trips will develop first, then the space hotels will go around the earth 5 it will be possible to have a longer vacation. By 6 end of the next century, the
8、re will be holiday centres on the moon with leisure facilities for families.According to the laws of physics, the earth is going to 7( appear) some time in the future. This isn*tgoing to happen tomorrow but scientists predict that it will happen in five billion years when our sun 8 (explode). 9 a re
9、sult,we will have to explore the universe and find another home. At some point in the distant future, either we stay on the earth and die with it,or we leave and move to another planet. There wont be any other 10(choose).【分析】这是一篇说明文，介绍了将来的房子及生活。1 .【答案】completely【解析】考查副词。句意：将来的家不会是完全不同，我们将住在房子里和公寓里，就
10、像现在住的一样。 修饰形容词different要用副词。故填completely。2 .【答案】Built【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：被建成不同的形状，没有两个房子是一样的。空格处是状语，build与主 语two homes是被动关系，要用过去分词，故填Built。3 .【答案】to create【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们将不同的部分组装成他们想要的家。空格处表目的，要用不定式。 故填 to create o. 【答案】 more expensive【解析】考查形容词。句意：太空度假在将来将会发展，但是这些假期不适合于每一个人，因为这些假期 要比地球上的贵许多。根据than holi
11、days on the earth可知此处进行比较，要用比较级。故填more expensiveo 5.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。句意：短期太空旅游将首先发展，然后太空旅馆将围绕地球，在那里较长的度假 是可能的。空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the earth,在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。 故填whereo.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意：到下一世纪末，在月球上将有舒适的度假中心。根据by the end of（在末）可 知空格处填the。故填the。6 .【答案】disappear【解析】考查动词。句意：根据物理法则，地球将在将来的某个时候消失。根据
12、be going to do(将做某事) 可知，空格处是动词原形，结合句意“消失”可知，此处为disappear。故填disappear。7 .【答案】explodes【解析】考查动词。句意：这个不可能明天发生，但是科学家预测50亿年以后，太阳将会爆炸。主句为一 般将来时，when引导的时间状语从句，要用一般现在时表将来，主语为our sun,谓语动词使用第三人称单 数形式。故填explodes。8 .【答案】As【解析】考查固定短语。句意：因此，我们不得不探索宇宙，找到新的家园。根据固定短语as a result(因此) 可知，空格处填as,位于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。9 .【答案】c
13、hoice【解析】考查名词。句意：那里不会有其它选择。根据any other可知空格处是名词。故填choice。Passage 2 (2021 四川内江市教育科学研究所一模)Chinese carmakers are taking the lead in developing the intelligent cockpit (驾驮1为舱)、1 isbecoming a key part of the modern driving experience.Intelligent cockpits combine smart technologies with 2 (vary) driving fu
14、nctions, such as voice recognition for vehicle commands and the entertainment and navigation (导航)systems.According to a report 3 (publish) by patent research firm PatSnap last week, globally there have been 193, 000 patent applications related 4 intelligent cockpits.Of those, China owns 82, 300 appl
15、ications, accounting for 42.56 percent of the total and 5 (rank)first worldwide. It means that the country has become the 6 (much) important market for intelligent cockpit technology, according to the report.Japan ranks 7 (two) with 31, 900 patent applications and the United States follows with 19,
16、300. The patent applications of the top three nations account for around 70 percent of the total.A representative from PatSnap has said the three countries represent the development trend of the automobile industry to a certain degree as they 8 (be) the three largest auto producers worldwide.It can
17、9 (see) that under the global trend of autonomous, connected, electric and shared vehicles, the intelligent cockpit has become one of the vital development 10(direction) of the future of mobility,the report said.【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了中国汽车制造商在开发智能座舱方面处于世界领先地位，智能座舱正 成为现代驾驶体验的重要组成部分。1 .【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意
18、：中国汽车制造商在开发智能座舱方面处于领先地位，智能座舱正成为现代 驾驶体验的重要组成部分。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the intelligent cockpit,关系 代词which引导从句，在从句中作主语，指代事物。故填which。2 .【答案】various/varied【解析】考查形容词。句意：智能驾驶舱将智能技术与多种驾驶功能结合在一起，比如车辆命令的语音识 别、娱乐和导航系统。根据后文名词functions可知，此处应用形容词various或varied作定语修饰名词。故 填 various/varied o.【答案】published【解析】考查非谓语动词。句
19、意：根据专利研究公司PatSnap上周发布的一份报告，全球有19.3万件与智 能驾驶舱内相关的专利申请。非谓语动词publish和所修饰的名词report之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词 作后置定语。故填published。3 .【答案】to【解析】考查介词。句意：根据专利研究公司PatSnap上周发布的一份报告，全球有19.3万件与智能驾驶舱内相关的专利申请。relate to”与有关”是固定搭配。故填04 .【答案】ranking【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：其中，中国有82,300人申请，占总数的42.56%,位居世界第一。非谓语 动词rank和主语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语，和
20、前文accounting并列。故填ranking。5 .【答案】most【解析】考查最高级。句意：报告称，这意味着中国已成为智能座舱技术最重要的市场。根据句意可知， 此处用most构成形容词important的最高级。故填most。6 .【答案】second【解析】考查序数词。句意：日本以31,900件专利申请排名第二，美国以19,300件紧随其后。根据句意可 知，此处应用序数词表示“排名第二故填second。7 .【答案】are/have been【解析】考查时态。句意：PatSnap的一位代表表示，这三个国家在一定程度上代表了汽车行业的发展趋势， 因为它们是(已经成为)世界上最大的三个汽车
21、生产商。根据句意可知，此处描述现在事实，故可用一般 现在时；也可用现在完成时，表示过去的状态对现在的影响，意为“已经成为:主语为复数，故填are/have been。8 .【答案】be seen【解析】考查被动语态。句意：报告称，可以看出，在自动驾驶、互联、电动和共享汽车的全球趋势下， 智能座舱已成为未来移动的重要发展方向之一。谓语动词see和主语(it为形式主语，替代后面that引导的 主语从句)之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，情态动词后接动词原形。故填be seen。9 .【答案】directions【解析】考查名词复数。句意：报告称，可以看出，在自动驾驶、互联、电动和共享汽车的全球趋势下，
22、 智能座舱已成为未来移动的重要发展方向之一。根据前文。neof可知，此处应用可数名词direction的复数 形式。故填directions。Passage 3 (2022江苏连云港二模)Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a health care system in which patients 21 (treat) with natural plant, animal, and mineral remedies (药物).It is assumed, for a person to be healthy, 22 yin and yang force
23、s should he in balance. Imbalance causes illness or injury. TCM is about 23 (restore) the balance between yin and yang forces in patients. It has been a major part of traditional Chinese culture and continues to play 24 vital role in medical treatment in China today.According to the World Health Org
24、anization, nearly 80 percent of the worlds population depends for its primary health care needs 25 medicines from plants and animals. This is especially true in countries where traditional medicines are 26 (wide) used.Increasingly, however, modern medicines also contain substances from animals and p
25、lants. Given growing populations, increasing wealth, and the spreading 27 (popular) of natural remedies around the world, the demand for these medicines and remedies 28 (rise) now. The rising demand, 29 (combine) with reduced habitat, has caused an alarming increase in the number of plant and animal
26、 species used for medicinal purposes at risk for many years. For instance, TCM uses about 1,000 plant and 36 animal species, including the tiger, rhinoceros, and sea horse,30 are all in danger.【答案】21. are treated 22. that 23. restoring 24. a 25. on#upon26. widely 27. popularity28. is rising29. combi
27、ned30. which【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍传统中医、传统中医的疗法及其对所需用药的动植物的影响。21 .考查时态语态。句意：传统中医是一种医疗保健系统，是一种患者接受天然植物，动物和矿物质药物 的治疗。根据句意可知，此句描述一般事实，故用一般现在时。主语patients与treat是动宾关系，故用被动 语态。主语patients是复数。故填are treated0.考查主语从句。句意：人们认为，为了使一个人健康，阴阳力量应该平衡。根据句意及句子结构可知， 此处考查It is assumed that。其中It作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语，引导词that不可以省略
28、。 故填thato22 .考查动名词。句意：传统中医是关于恢复患者阴阳之间的平衡。根据空前的介词about可知，此处用动 名词restoring,作宾语。故填restoring。23 .考查冠词。句意：它一直是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，并在当今中国的医疗中继续发挥着至关重 要的作用。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语play a vital role in,表示“在发挥至关重要的作用: 因为vital是以辅音音素开头，故设空处填a。故填a。24 .考查介词。句意：根据世界卫生组织的数据，世界近80%的人口依靠植物和动物的药物来满足其基本 的卫生保健需求。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语
29、depend on/upon,表示“依靠”。故填on/upon。25 .考查副词。句意：在广泛使用传统药物的国家尤其如此。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处用副词widely, 表示“广泛地”，作状语，修饰used。故填widely。26 .考查名词。句意：鉴于人口不断增长，财富不断增加，以及自然疗法在世界各地的普及，对这些药物 和疗法的需求现在正在上升。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处应填不可数名词popularity,表示“普及、 故填 popularity o.考查时态及主谓一致。根据句子结构可知，此处应填谓语动词。根据句意，此句描述现阶段持续的状 态，故用现在进行时。主语the deman
30、d是单数。故填is rising。27 .考查过去分词。句意：结合栖息地的减少，不断增长的需求导致多年来用于药用目的的植物和动物物 种数量惊人地增加。根据句子结构可知，此处填非谓语动词。The rising demand与combine是动宾关系，故 用过去分词combined作后置定语。故填combinedo.考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。句意：例如，传统中医使用大约1000种植物和36种动物，包括老 虎，犀牛和海马，它们都处于危险之中。根据句子结构可知，此句是非限制性定语从句，引导词用which, 指代先行词about 1,000 plant and 36 animal species,在
31、从句中作主语。故填whichoPassage 4 （2022四川宜宾二模）Inspired by Chinese jade ornaments （玉制品），the medals of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games wereannounced 31 (official) on Oct. 26, 2021, 100 days ahead of the opening of the sporting event. After months of expectation and secrecy, the organizing committee of th
32、e Beijing 2022 Games introduced the medals 一 named tong xin, 32 means togetherness during a ceremony 33 (mark) the countdown to the opening of the event on February 4th.The medals shave carvings of the Olympic rings 34 one side and are carved with the words XXIV Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022”. T
33、he concentric rings around the center represent the pursuit of unity35 harmony, while echoing the Olympic values of solidarity, inclusiveness and promoting peace. The other side of the medals has the Beijing 2022 emblem (徽章)at the center.Engravings (版画)of cloud patterns, an element 36 (use) on the t
34、orch of the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics, snowflakes and ice markings fill the outer rings. The outer rings 37 (decorate) with 24 stars strung together by circles, representing the 24th edition of the Winter Olympics. Visually, it looks quite simple and plain at first glance, while 38 (detail) such
35、as the carving of clouds and snowflake patterns as well as the uneven casting on the surface have made it special.Designers9 39 (inspire) from jade fbr a second time honors the Chinese capitafs unique statusthe first city 40(host) both the Summer and Winter Olympics.【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 2022年冬奥会的官方奖牌
36、设计细节。31 .【答案】officially【解析】考查副词。句意：受中国玉器的启发，北京2022届冬奥会奖牌于2021年10月26日正式宣布， 离体育赛事开幕前还有100天。副词officially作状语，修饰动词announceo故填offcially。32 .【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：经过数月的期待和保密，北京2022年奥运会组委会在2月4日的开 幕倒计时仪式上推出了这些奖牌，名为同心，意思是团结。此处是非限制性定语从句2 meanstogetherness,先行词是3g尤沅，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。that不能引导非限制性定语 从句。故填
37、which。33 .【答案】marking【解析】考查现在分词。主句已有谓语introduced且无连词，动词mark用非谓语动词形式，逻辑主语a ceremony与动词mark是主谓关系，用现在分词(doing)表主动，作a ceremony的后置定语。故填markingo 34.【答案】on【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：奖牌的一面刻着奥林匹克五环，上面刻着“2022年北京冬奥会”字样。固定搭配on one side （一边、在一边、一面）。故填on。35 .【答案】and【解析】考查连词。句意：围绕中心的同心环代表着对团结与和谐的追求，同时呼应了团结、包容和促进 和平的奥林匹克价值观。名词u
38、nity和名词harmony是并列关系，用并列连词and。故填and。36 .【答案】used【解析】考查过去分词。句意：2008年北京夏季奥运会火炬上使用的云纹元素的雕刻，雪花和冰纹填满了 外圈。本句已有谓语fill且无连词，动词use用非谓语动词形式，逻辑主语an element与动词use是动宾关 系，用过去分词表被动，作an element的后置定语。故填used。37 .答案are decorated【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：外圈由24颗星星组成，用圆圈串在一起，代表第24届冬奥会。此处缺 少谓语，讲述客观事实，主语The outer rings和谓语动词decorate是被动关
39、系，用一般现在时的被动语态， 主语The outer rings是复数，谓语用复数形式。故填are decoratedo.【答案】details【解析】考查名词的数。句意：乍一看，它在视觉上看起来非常简单朴素，而云纹雕刻和雪花图案的雕刻 以及表面不均匀的铸造等细节使它显得特别。detail是可数名词，结合下文such as the carving of clouds and snowflake patterns as well as the uneven casting on the surface 可知，不止一个细节，用名词复数形式作主语。 故填 details o.【答案】inspirat
40、ion【解析】考查名词。句意：设计师们第二次从玉制品身上汲取灵感，以表彰中国首都的独特地位第一 个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。由名词所有格Designers，可知，此处用抽象名词inspiration作主语。故填 inspiration o.【答案】to host【解析】考查动词不定式。the +序数词+ （名词）+t。d。sth.（第几个做某事的人/物），host使用动词不定式 作名词city的后置定语。故填to hostoPassage 5 （2022河南濮阳一模）A grand bridge over the Yangtze River serving cars and trains b
41、egan operations on Wednesday in Nantong, Jiangsu province, and is expected to 41 （great） promote the integration （整合）and the economy of one of Chinas most developed regions-the Yangtze River Delta.It took six years and four months 42 （build） the bridge between Nantong and Zhangjiagang. Many new tech
42、nologies 43 (use) then, including cables (电缆)with the highest tensile (拉力的)strength in the world and 44 advanced anti-collision system.“The anti-collision system can warn the river traffic authority within 3 kilometers if a ship appears likely to strike the bridge. an engineer said. Each of the brid
43、ges 432 cables can hold up to 1, 000 metric tons, roughly the45 (weigh) of more than 600 cars.As the second dual-use bridge in Jiangsu, 46 (follow) the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, the newly opened structure will help to ease traffic jam, 47 currently occurs on two neighboring Yangtze River bridges
44、 in Nantong and Wuxi cities. Travel time between Nantong and Wuxi by highway will be cut in half to 40 minutes.The upper half of the bridge, a highway of six lanes, 48 (have) a speed limit of 100 kilometers per hour. The 49 (low) half of the bridge has four lanes for trains. With what is designed to
45、 be 200 km/h, the new railway lane will cut travel time between Nantong and Shanghai from 3. 5 hours 50 just over an hour.【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国沪苏通长江公路铁路两用大桥的基本情况。41 .考查副词。句意：周三，江苏省南通市一座可通汽车和火车的长江大桥通车，预计将极大地促进中国 最发达的地区之一长江三角洲地区的一体化和经济发展。此处用副词greatly作状语，修饰动词promoteo 故填 greatIyo.考查不定式。句意：南通张家港大桥的修建历时6
46、年4个月。此处考查“It took some time to do sth.，意 为“花费一段时间做某事”，It为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式，因此空格处是t。build,故填to build。42 .考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：当时使用了许多新技术，包括世界上抗拉强度最高的电缆和先进 的防撞系统。根据时间状语then可知，该动作发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，又因为主语“Many new technologies”与动词use是被动关系，故此处用所给动词的一般过去时的被动语态，主语technologies是复数， 因此空格处是were used,故填were usedo.考查冠词。此处是泛
47、指，故用不定冠词，advanced是以元音音素开头的，故用不定冠词an。故填an。 45.考查名词。句意：这座桥有432根钢缆，每根钢缆可以承重1000吨，大约相当于600多辆汽车的重量。 根据名词所有格the (weigh) of more than 600 cars可知，此处用名词weight,是不可数名词，意 为“重量，故填weighto46 .考查现在分词。句意：作为江苏省继南京长江大桥之后的第二座两用桥梁，新开放的结构将有助于缓 解目前南通和无锡市两座相邻的长江大桥上出现的交通拥堵。分析句子成分可知，bridge和follow之间存在 逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处用所给动词的现在分词做后
48、置定语，表示主动。故填following。47 .考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语,先行词“traffic jam”是物，故此处用关系代词which。故填which。48 .考查时态和主谓一致。句意：大桥上半部分是6车道高速公路，限速为每小时100公里。此处陈述的 是一般事实，故用一般现在时，又因为主语是“The upper half of the bridge”是单数，故此处用所给动词的第 三人称单数形式has。故填has。49 .考查比较级。句意：桥的下半部分有四条火车车道。由前面的“The upper half of the bridge”
49、可知，此处 指“较低的桥的一半部分。故用所给形容词的比较级，即lower,意为“较低的，故填lower。50 .考查介词。句意：这条新线的设计时速为200公里，南通至上海的旅行时间将从3.5小时缩短至1小时 多一点。“什001.也.”意为“从到，为固定搭配，因此空格处是介词to,故填to。Passage 6 (2022陕西商洛一模)With a world reputation of beautiful silk producing nation, Chinese clothing enjoys a time-honored culture. China was the first country in the w