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1、专题11 完形填空（新高考15空）1. （2021·新高考I卷）My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.My best friend Betsys father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 1 little bunny ( 兔 子 ) cakes for all its 2 throughout Cle
2、veland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 3 help during our spring break, for which I had no 4 beyond listening to my favorite records. Id 5 minimum wage. Id see how a factory 6 . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsys dad with their 7 .Our 8 in the
3、 factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 9 bunny from the belt. This was 10 than it sounds. 11 a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than Id 12 .Dad 13 . The s
4、on of a grocer, hed spent the summers of his childhood 14 food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 15 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.1AsoldBorderedCmadeDreserved2AstoresBfamiliesCschoolsDcitizens3AgenerousBfinancialCtechnicalDte
5、mporary4AplansBproblemsCexcusesDhobbies5AofferBearnCsetDsuggest6AworkedBclosedCdevelopedDsurvived7AambitionBpermissionCexperienceDinvitation8AjoysBideasCrolesDchoices9ASaveBKeepCStopDRemove10AharderBbetterClongerDcheaper11ACalm downBSlow downCStay onDMove on12AindicatedBwitnessedCexpectedDremembered
6、13AcriedBsmiledChesitatedDrefused14AtastingBfindingCsharingDdelivering15AwithdrawBdonateCreceiveDappreciate【答案】1C2A3D4A5B6A7B8C9D10A11B12C13B14D15D【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了在一次春假时，我去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工作不仅能让小孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。1考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. sol
7、d销售；B. ordered定制； C. made制作；D. reserved预定。根据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我的工作是制作小兔子蛋糕，由此推知，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故选C。2考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A.
8、stores商店；B. families家庭； C. schools学校；D. citizens市民。根据“throughout Cleveland”结合生活常识，可知这里指的是这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。故选A。3考查形容词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generous慷慨的； B. financial财政的；C. technical技术的； D. temporary暂时的。根据“during our spring break”可知这是一份临时性的工作。故选D。4考查名词词义辨析。句意：春假期间，市中心的
9、工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans计划；B. problems问题；C. excuses借口； D. hobbies爱好。根据“beyond listening to my favorite records”可知我没有其他计划。故选A。5考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挣的是最低工资。A. offer提供；B. earn挣得； C. set放置；D. suggest建议。根据“minimum wage”可知我挣的是最低工资。故选B。6考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想看看工厂是如何运作的。A. worked运作；B. closed关闭；C. developed发
10、展；D. survived幸存。根据“I'd see how a factory”可知这里意思是我想看看工厂是如何运作的。故选A。7考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的同意 。A. ambition抱负；B. permission允许；C. experience经历； D. invitation邀请。根据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and
11、 nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我们已经在工厂工作了，所以必然是得到了他们的同意。故选B。8考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. joys欢乐； B. ideas观点；C. roles任务； D. choices选择。根据“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知这是我们的任务。故选C。9考查动词词义辨析。
12、句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. Save节省；B. Keep保持；C. Stop停止； D. Remove移动。根据“bunny from the belt.”可知这里意思是把兔子从传送带上拿下来。故选D。10考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder更难的；B. better更好的； C. longer更长的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据“51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知这项工作比听起来更难。故选A。11考查动词短语辨析。句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. C
13、alm down平静下来； B. Slow down慢一点；C. Stay on继续停留；D. Move on往前走。根据“and the cakes pile up”可知这里意思是慢一点，就会造成蛋糕堆积起来的后果。故选B。12考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如我在第一个晚上的晚餐上告诉父母的那样，一切都比我预料的要紧张。A. indicated表明； B. witnessed目击； C. expected预料；D. remembered记得。根据“This was 50 than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知工作的实际情况比我预料的要
14、紧张。故选C。13考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲笑了。A. cried哭了； B. smiled微笑；C. hesitated犹豫； D. refused拒绝。根据“The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood 54 food in Bemardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.”结合
15、生活常识，可知父亲看到我在第一次挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，联想到自己童年时类似的经历，父亲会心的笑了。故选B。14考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。A. tasting品尝；B. finding找到；C. sharing分享；D. delivering送货。根据“The son of a grocer”可知作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。故选D。15考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。A. withdraw撤退；B. donate捐赠； C. rece
16、ive收到；D. appreciate欣赏。根据“the dollars you earned”结合生活常识，可知孩子们会感激并且非常珍惜自己劳动得到的报酬。故选D。Passage 1（2021·重庆南开中学高三月考） A scary new virus swept over the globe and the virus knocked on my door a few weeks ago when I was 1 at the clinic where I work. Five days later, I got the first call from Public Health
17、 2 me know I was thought “low risk,” luckily, I could self-monitor and carry on as usual. What a 3 !But then I got the second call.It came from Public Health revising my category to “exclusion” a 4 technical way of saying self-isolation, I felt that my 5 had been turned upside down. Everything took
18、a 6 my family, the clinic and its patients, my income. Did Public Health 7 make the right decision? After 8 the news to my family, I was greeted with love and encouragement. It was then that I lifted the weight 9 my soul.So I picked out 10 clothes from my closet, grabbed essential items and moved to
19、 the basement. I pieced together a desk to work on and I would only see my family when I went 11 to eat meals. 12 meals, I sat at the far end of the dining table, at least two meters away. And my own family was 13 at home as much as possible. In the basement, I used the isolation as a rare opportuni
20、ty to 14 many projects that I hadnt had time for.I had no doubt that this crisis will end, as all the crises happened before. And it was our choice on 15 it brought out good or bad results.1AexposedBoperatedCmovedDstayed2AallowingBinformingClettingDtelling3AreliefBjoyCconfusionDcoincidence4AlittleBl
21、essCfewDmore5AworkBclinicCfamilyDlife6AshotBhitCchanceDform7ApartlyBslowlyCreallyDfortunately8AhavingBbreakingCsharingDhearing9AinBaboveCoffDon10AformalBexpensiveCwonderfulDspare11AdownstairsBupstairsCoutwardsDinwards12AOverBOnCAfterDBefore13AsleepingBmeetingCworkingDstaying14Awork onBdepend onClive
22、 onDput on15AwhatBwhetherChowDwhy【答案】1A2C3A4D5D6B7C8B9C10D11B12A13D14A15B【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者接触新型冠状病毒之后自我隔离的过程。1考查动词词义辨析。句意：一种可怕的新病毒席卷全球，几周前，当我在我工作的诊所接触到病毒时，病毒来找我。A. exposed暴露，揭露；B. operated操作；C. moved移动；D. stayed停留。根据下文“But then I got the second call. It came from Public Health revising my category
23、 to “exclusion” - a _4_technical way of saying self-isolation, I felt that my _5_ had been turned upside down.”可知，作者接触到了病毒。故选A。2考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天后，我接到公共卫生部门的第一个电话，让我知道我被认为是“低风险”，幸运的是，我可以自我监测并像往常一样进行。A. allowing允许；B. informing通知；C. letting让；D. telling告诉，讲述。根据常识可知，卫生部门打电话给我，应该是让让作者知道属于低风险地区。故选C。3考查名词词义辨析
24、。句意：真的是松了一口气。A. relief减轻，解除；B. joy开心；C. confusion困惑；D. coincidence巧合。根据上文“Five days later, I got the first call from Public Health _2_me know I was thought “low risk," luckily, I could self-monitor and carry on as usual.”作者属于低风险去，可以像往常一样，所以作者是松了一口气。故选A。4考查形容词词义辨析。句意：公共卫生将我的分类修改为“排除”更专业的说法是自我隔离，
25、我觉得我的生活被彻底颠覆了。A. little小的，很少的；B. less更小的，更少的；C. few很少的，几乎没有；D. more更多的。根据常识可知，“自我隔离”比“排除”这个说法，更加专业；因此用比较级more修饰形容词technical。故选D。5考查名词词义辨析。句意：公共卫生将我的分类修改为“排除”更专业的说法是自我隔离，我觉得我的生活被彻底颠覆了。根据下文“Everything took a _6_ my family, the clinic and its patients, my income.”我的家庭、诊所和病人，以及收入都受到了打击，可知是作者的生活彻底地颠覆了，故选
26、D。6考查名词词义辨析。句意：一切都受到了打击我的家庭、诊所和诊所里的病人、我的收入。A. shot发射，镜头；B. hit打击；C. chance机会，机遇；D. form形式。根据上文作者的生活彻底地被颠覆了，可知此处指的是一切收到了打击。故选B。7考查副词词义辨析。句意：公共卫生部真地做出了正确的决定吗?A. partly部分地；B. slowly 缓慢地；C. really真正地；D. fortunately幸运地。根据下文“After _8_ the news to my family, I was greeted with love and encouragement. It wa
27、s then that I lifted the weight _9_my soul. ”把这个消息告诉家人后，我得到了爱和鼓励。就在那时，我卸下了灵魂的重负。可知，作者在前在怀疑卫生部门真地做出了正确的决定吗？故选C。8考查动词词义辨析。句意：把这个消息告诉家人后，我得到了爱和鼓励。就在那时，我卸下了灵魂的重负。A. having拥有；B. breaking破裂，透露；C. sharing分享；D. hearing听见。根据下文“I was greeted with love and encouragement”可知，作者把这个消息告诉了家人。break the news为公布消息，道出实情
28、，故选B。9考查介词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我卸下了灵魂的重负。A. in在里面B. above 在上面C. off离开；D. on在上面。根据上文可知，作者得到了鼓励和爱，所以此处指的是卸下了负担。故选C。10考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我从壁橱里挑了一些备用的衣服，拿了一些必需品，搬到了地下室。A. formal正式的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. wonderful精彩的；D. spare空闲的，备用的。根据下文moved to the basement，可知，作者搬到地下室去了，应该是挑些备用的衣服。故选D。11考查副词词义辨析。句意：我拼凑了一张桌子来工作，我只有在上楼吃
29、饭的时候才能见到我的家人。A. downstairs在楼下；B. upstairs在楼上；C. outwards向外地；inwards向内地。根据上文可知，作者搬到地下室去居住了，根据常识可知，作者吃饭应该是上楼去。故选B。12考查介词词义辨析。句意：吃饭时，我坐在餐桌的另一端，至少有两米远。A. Over在之上，从头到尾；B. On在上面；C. After在之后；D. Before在之前。此处指的是吃饭期间，作者在在餐桌的另一端。故选A。13考查动词词义辨析。句意：我自己的家人尽可能待在家里。A. sleeping睡觉；B. meeting遇见；C. working工作；D. staying
30、停留。由常识可知，新型冠状病毒期间，大家都待在家里。故选D。14考查动词短语辨析。句意：在地下室里，我利用这种与世隔绝的状态，做了很多我没有时间做的项目。A. work on从事，致力于；B. depend on决定；C. live on以为生；D. put on穿上。此处表示从事项目。故选A。15考查宾语从句。句意：结果是好是坏由我们自己决定。A. what什么；B. whether是否；C. how怎样；D. why为什么。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入宾语从句的连接词，句子中不缺少成分，并且表示“是否”。故选B。Passage 2（2021·辽宁丹东市·高三一模） I
31、n Alsager, England, 45-year-old David Scott brought his infant son into the backyard. As they 1 their trampoline（蹦床）, they saw shadow. No, it was 2 . There was a wild animal, over two feet tall, walking through Davids garden 3 close to the child. David reacted how most people would: by shouting.Anna
32、, a primary school teacher, 4 her husband in the yard. "I thought it was a dog at first. But with a bushy tail, I thought it might be a wolf." Anna later said. The family had no 5 as to what the animal could be. Would this wild animal 6 their young son? As the animal approached, the couple
33、 could only fear for their child.Anna took photos of the animal, posted them on Facebook and asked people for help. While many people 7 to Annas Facebook post, one answer 8 . It was from the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals（RSPCA）, and they had some 9 news for Anna. According t
34、o the RSPCA, the animal was a silver fox. Silver foxes are incredibly 10 especially in the United Kingdom, because they are frequently hunted for their 11 fur.The Stapeley Grange Wildlife Centre checked the animal and confirmed that he was 12 , but "a little overweight." As a result, it wa
35、s believed that he was a lost or 13 pet. Foxes like "Shadow" require 14 care that the average pet owner is not able to provide. The employees at Stapeley Grange announced that they would hand "Shadow" over to a specialist owner. These specialists understand how to take care of fo
36、xes properly, and they are highly 15 .1AattackedBinspectedCintroducedDapproached2AmovingBshakingCstandingDgathering3AinstantlyBdangerouslyChappilyDcautiously4AjoinedBinterruptedCprotectedDwarned5AproofBplanCideaDintention6AharmBsurroundCbotherDaccept7ArespondedBsubmittedCattendedDreferred8Acame alon
37、gBgot inCstood outDgave in9AinterestingBdevelopingCsurprisingDdisappointing10ArareBsimpleCcommonDloyal11AbrightBlightCworthyDvaluable12AwoundedBhealthyCsickDviolent13AcontrolledBpuzzledCworriedDabandoned14AsensitiveBconsiderateCspecificDreliable15AeducatedBdeterminedCexperiencedDfocused【答案】1D2A3B4A5
38、C6A7A8C9C10A11D12B13D14C15C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对夫妇在花园发现一只野生动物，然后拍照在网上发帖，最后被确认是稀有动物银狐，送与专门人员喂养。1考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们走近蹦床时，他们看到了一个影子。A. attacked攻击；B. inspected检查；C. introduced介绍；D. approached靠近。根据后文“they saw shadow”语境和常识可知，他们走近了，才能看到那东西。故选D项。2考查动词词义辨析。句意：不，它在动。A. moving移动；B. shaking摇晃；C. standing站立；D. gather
39、ing聚集。根据后文“There was a wild animal”可知，“影子”是个野兽，根据后文“walking through Davids garden”可知，它在移动。所以故选A项。3考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一只超过两英尺高的野兽正穿过大卫的花园，危险地离孩子很近。A. instantly立刻地； B. dangerously危险地；C. happily快乐地；D. cautiously谨慎地。根据前文“There was a wild animal, over two feet tall, walking through Davids garden”及后文“close to t
40、he child”等信息可知，有个野兽穿过花园，所以对婴儿是有一定危险的。故选B项。4考查动词词义辨析。句意：小学教师Anna和丈夫一起到院子里。A. joined加入；B. interrupted打断；C. protected保护；D. warned警告。根据前文“David reacted how most people would: by shouting.”可知，有个野兽穿过花园，危及婴儿，David大声喊叫，所以妻子安娜也加入进来一起到院子里。故选A项。5考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人不知道这是什么动物。A. proof证明；B. plan计划；C. idea想法；D. intent
41、ion意图。根据前文Anna 所说“I thought it was a dog at first. But with a bushy tail, I thought it might be a wolf.”可知，他们不知道这是什么动物。have no idea=dont know“不知道”，符合句意。故选C项。6考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只野生动物会伤害他们年幼的儿子吗？ A. harm伤害；B. surround包围；C. bother打扰；D. accept接受。根据前文语境以及后文“As the animal approached, the couple could only fear
42、 for their child.”可知，他们担心这只野兽会伤害他们的孩子。故选A项。7考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然很多人都回复了Anna在脸书上的帖子，但有一个答案脱颖而出。A. responded回应，回复；B. submitted提交；C. attended出席；D. referred谈及。根据前文“Anna took photos of the animal, posted them on Facebook and asked people for help.”以及后文“one answer _8_.”可知，此处指“回复”。故选A项。8考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：虽然很多人都回复了An
43、na在脸书上的帖子，但有一个答案脱颖而出。A. came along过来；B. got in进入；C. stood out突出；D. gave in屈服。根据本句“While many people _7_ to Annas Facebook post, one answer _8_.”的转折语义以及后文“According to the RSPCA, the animal was a silver fox.”可知，有一条回复很突出。故选C项。9考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是皇家防止虐待动物协会(RSPCA)发来的，他们给Anna带来了一些令人惊讶的消息。A. interesting有趣的；B
44、. developing发展中的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据后文“According to the RSPCA, the animal was a silver fox.”可知，这是Anna没有料到的消息，所以说“令人惊讶”。故选C项。10考查形容词词义辨析。句意：银狐非常稀有，尤其是在英国，因为它们经常被猎杀，以获取其珍贵的皮毛。A. rare稀有的，罕见的；B. simple简单的；C. common普通的；D. loyal忠诚的。根据后文“because they are frequently hunted for their
45、_11_ fur.”和常识可知，这种动物经常因其皮毛被猎杀，应该是“稀有的”。故选A项。11考查形容词词义辨析。句意：银狐非常罕见，尤其是在英国，因为它们经常被猎杀，以获取其珍贵的皮毛。A. bright明亮的；B. light轻的；C. worthy值得的；D. valuable有价值的，珍贵的。根据前文“because they are frequently hunted”以及常识可知，银狐的皮毛肯定是珍贵的。故选D项。12考查形容词词义辨析。句意：斯特佩利格兰奇野生动物中心检查了这只动物，确认它很健康，只是“有点超重”。A. wounded受伤的；B. healthy健康的；C. sic
46、k生病的；D. violent暴力的。根据后文“As a result, it was believed that he was a lost or _13_ pet.”可知，这只银狐应该是走失的，或者是某人的宠物，进而推知，应该是健康的，其它选项如“受伤的；生病的；暴力的”文中均无线索，故排除。故选B项。13考查过去分词转化的形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，人们认为他是一只走失或被遗弃的宠物。A. controlled受控制的；B. puzzled迷惑的；C. worried忧虑的；D. abandoned被遗弃的。根据常识可知，宠物离家出走一种可能是自己走失的，另一种情况是主人遗弃的。故选D项。14考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像“影子”这样的狐狸需要特殊的照顾，而一般的宠物主人是无法提供的。A. sensitive敏感的；B. considerate体贴的；C. specific特