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1、小升初英语专练一名词一.单项选择1 .They want threeA. loaf bread B. loaf of bread C. loaves breadD. loaves of bread【小升初英语团队解析】考查名词变复数。核心考点是“三条面包”的英文表达,因为bread是不可数名词,而且 以f或fe结尾的名词的复数形式通常去掉f或fe ,改成ves .因此选择Do2 .that pair of new expensive ?A. Is. shoeB. Are shoe. C. Is.shoesD. Are .shoes【小升初英语团队解析】考查名词单复数和主谓一致。第一个空格处be
2、动词要与that pair of保持数上的一致,that pair of意为“那双所以谓语动词应用单数is0而shoe是可数名词,根据题意要用复数 shoeso因此选择Co3 .There are many in that basket.A. tomatos B. potatoes C. bread D. rice【小升初英语团队解析】考查名词单复数变化。tomato的复数正确书写是tomatoes , bread, rice这两个单词是不 可数名词。因此选择B。4 .Four and five visited our school yesterday.A. Germen , English
3、B. German z EnglishC. Germans , Englishmen D. Germen z Englishmans【小升初英语团队解析】考查国人的复数变化。German的复数变化是Germans , Englishman的复数变化是 Englishmen。因此选择 Co5 .mothers couldnt go to the meeting , because they have gone to Shanghai.14 .He is always ready to helpA. another B. others C. the other D. other【小升初英语团队解析
4、】考查不定代词用法,根据句意:他总是准备要帮助其他人,others表示其他人,应选B。15 .Let do this exercise myself.A. him B. her C. us D. me【小升初英语团队解析】考查人称代词,根据句意:让我自己来做这个练习吧,应选Do二、根据提示填空。1 .(我)am a teacher.【小升初英语团队答案】I2 .(他)often plays basketball after school.【小升初英语团队答案】He3 .This is(我的)book. That is.(他的)【小升初英语团队答案】my , his4 .Please pass(
5、我们)the ball.【小升初英语团队答案】US5 .This is not my shirt. It s.(她的)【小升初英语团队答案】hers小升初英语语法大全一、动词及动词词组对句子中的行为动词或动词词组提问用What.do?如:I visited my grandparents yesterday.(提问)一What did you do yesterday?在小学英语中,绝大多数动词都有四种基本形式:动词原形、第三人称单数形式、ing形 式(现在分词)、过去式。不管在任何时态、任何句型中情态动词或let或help或to后要用动 词原形。(一)第三人称单数形式(单三式)的构成一般现在
6、时主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词后要加s或es,其变化规那么与名词变复数 的方法大体相同:1 . 一般情况下只在动词后加s,如work_works, write-writeso2 .以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾的动词,后力口 es,如 guessguesses,teach-teaches, watch -watches, catch-catches, wash-washes o3 .以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,改y为i,再加es,如study-studies0注:不规那么变化的有 have-has, be一is, go一goes, do一does 等。(二)ing形式(现在分词)的构成在b
7、e动词(am, is, are)或like或for或go后才能用到动词的ing形式。1.直接加ing, 如 studystudying, workworking0 2.去 e 力口 ing, 如 writewriting, movemovingo4 .双写力口 ing, 如 get-getting, beginbeginning, runrunning, swimswimmingo(三)过去式的构成规那么1 . 一般情况直接加 ed,如 ask一asked, workworkedo2 .以 e 结尾,只加 d,如 dancedancedo3 .以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如stu
8、dy-studied4,先双写末尾一个字母,再加ed,如stop-stopped还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规那么的,需要熟记。二、be动词.(1 ) amwas,is-was, are-wereI用am, you用are,他,她,它,名词单数用is,所有复数都用are.(2 )肯定和否认句 My hair is ( not) long.(3 )一般疑问句I am ( not) from London.Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are.He is ( not) in the dining room.No, you arent.三、情态动词情态动词 can
9、(could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should), will (would), need(needed),等。情态动词无人称和数的变化;不能单独使用,后面必须用动词的原形。1、can, (could 过去式)1)表示“能”、“会” -Can you skate?你会滑冰吗?2)表示请求和允许,“可以Can I go now?Yes, you can. / No, you cant3)表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度),用于疑问句、否认句和感叹句中 o Can you speak English?2、may, might表示请求和允许用Ma
10、y I?征徇对方许可时比拟正式和客气,而用Can I?在口语中更常见。May I have a look?答语一般用 Sure 或 Of course.3、must, have to1)表示必须、必要。2) must是说话人的主观看法,而have to那么强调客观需要,“不得不”。4、shallshall用于第一人称,征求对方的意见。What shall we do this evening?5、shouldshould,表示应该、劝告、建议和命令。1) I should help her because she is ill.2) Should I open the window?6、wil
11、l (would)will等于be going to,表示想要,,would和like 一起表示想要,”等于want,后用to+动词原形四、代词人称代词表英语人称代词用法口诀人称代词主宾格,作用不同莫用错。主格动词前做主,动词介词后宾格。You和it主宾同,人称代词并列现,其他主宾须分清。尊重他人礼领先。单数人称二三一,复数人称一说明:英语人称代词是用来表示“我,”你,”他,”她,”它,“我们”、“你们,“他 们”的代词。英语人称代词有单复数和主宾格的变化。详见下表:用法:1 .人称代词主格用来作主语,一般放在谓语动词之前。例如:I am from China.我来自中国。We are goo
12、d friends.我们是好朋友。He often plays basketball on the play ground .他经常在操场上打篮球。2 .人称代词宾格用来作宾语,放在动词或介词的后面。例如:Mr.Wang teaches us English.王老师教我们英语。Let me help you.让我来帮你。Whafs wrong with him ?他怎么了?3 .两个或两个以上的人称代词并列作主语时,排列顺序为: 单数人称二、三、一,复数人称一、二、三。例如:You ,she and I are good friends.我,你和她都是好朋友。We, you and they
13、all like music.我们,你们和他们都喜欢音乐。 物主代词表物主代词用法口诀物主代词分两种,形容词性名词性。 形容词性能力差,身后定把名词加。 物主代词名词性,身后没有名词影。两种代词形不同,添个“”形变名。his, its不用变,my变mine要记清。表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词,物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 两种。形容词性物主代词不能单独使用,后面必须跟名词;名词性物主代词要单独使用,后 面不要名词。如:My school is not far from here.我的学校离这儿不远。The book on the desk isnt mine.桌子上的那本书不
14、是我的。名词所有格是指在名词后加3表示属于这个名词的如果这个名词以s结尾,那么只在s后加二如:Mikes迈克的on Teachers,Day在教师节对物主代词和名词所有格提问 用 whose,如:My pants are blue.(提问)一Whose pants are blue?The book is mine.(提问)一Whose is the book?This is Mikes book.(提问)一Whose book is this?小学英语中的四种时态1 .现在进行时.通常用now/ look/ listen等时间提示单词.(1)现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作.也可表示当
15、前一段时间内的活动或现阶 段正在进行的动作.(2)现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be +动词ing,否认句基本结构为be + not +动词ing.(3 )现在进行时的否认句在be后加not.(4 )现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词提前.(5 )现在进行时的特殊疑问句的基本结构为:疑问词+ be +主语+动词ing2 . 一般现在时.通常用 always/usually/ often/ every day/ sometimes 等时间提示单 词.(1) 一般现在时的构成.1 ) be 动词:主语 + be ( am, is, are ) + 其它.如:I am a boy.2 )行为动词:主语+
16、行为动词(+其它).如:We study English.当主语是第三人称单数时, 要再动词后面加s或者es. ( 2 ) 一般现在时的变化:1 ) be动词的变化.否认句:主语 + be + not + 其它.如:He is not a worker.一般疑问句:Be+主语+其它?如:Are you a student?特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句?如:Where is my bike?2)行为动词的变化.否认句:主语+ dont ( doesnt)+动词原形+其它.如:I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesift构成否认句.如:He doesnt oft
17、en play football.一般疑问句:Do ( Does )+主语+动词原形+其它?如:Do you often play football?当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句.如: Does he go to school every day?特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句?如: How does your father go to work?3 . 一般过去时.通常用yesterday/ last卅等时间提示单词.(1 ) be动词在一般过去时中的变化:1 ) am和is在一般过去时中变为 was. ( was not = wasnt)2 ) are 在一般过去时中
18、变为 were. ( were not = werent )3 )带有was或were的句子,其否认、疑问的变化和am, is ,are一样,即在否认句 在was或were后加not, 一般疑问句把was或were提前.(2)句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否认句:didint + 动词原形,如:Jim didint go home yesterday.一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形.如: Did Jim go home yesterday?4 . 一般将来时1 1) 一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或者存在的状态及打算、计划或者准备做某事.句 中一般有 以下时间状语:t
19、omorrow/ next day ( week, month, year,.), the day after tomorrow 等.(2 )基本结构be going to或will +动词原形(3 )否认句:在be ( am , is , are )后加not或者情态动词will后加not成won51.如:I am going to have a picnic this afternoon.I am not going to have a picnic this afternoon.(4 ) 一般疑问句:be或者will提前.some改成any,and改成or,第一二人称互换.如: We a
20、re going to go shopping this weekend.Are you going to go shopping this weekend?5 .there be 结构(1 ) there be结构与have/ has的区别:there be表示在某地有某物或者某人have/ has表示 某人拥有某物(2 )在there be结构中,主语是单数,be动词用is,主语是复数,be动词用are,如果 是几件物品,be动词根据最靠近be动词的那个名词确定.(3 ) there be结构的否认句在be动词后加not, 一般疑问句把be动词提前.(4 ) some和any在there
21、be结构中的运用:some用于肯定句,any用于否认句和疑问句.(5)针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:How many +名词复数+ are there +介词短 语?(6)针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构:Whafs+介词短语名词单数变复数规那么1 一般情况下,直接力口 s,如:apple-apples, pig-pigs, book-books 等2 .以s、sh、ch x结尾的名词,加es,如:bus-buses(公车),class-classes(班级),fish-fishes(此时的 fish 当“鱼的种类”讲),watch-watches(手表),box-boxes(盒子)
22、,fox-foxes(狐狸)3 .以元音字母+y结尾的名词,直接加s,如:boy-boys(男孩),toy-toys(玩具)4 .以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,去y改i,再加es,如:family-families(家 庭),strawberry-strawberries(草莓)5 .以f或fe结尾的名词,去f或fe改ves,如:wife-wives, knife-knives, wolf-wolves (这三个词的记忆口诀-“妻子”拿着“小刀”杀了 “狼)6 .以”结尾的名词:1)有生命的,加es,如:potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes, hero-heroes (
23、这 三个词的记忆 口 诀-英雄爱吃土 豆“和”西红柿“)(2)无生命的,力口 s,如:photo-photos(照片),radio-radios(收音机)7 .将“00”改为“ee”的名词,如:tooth-teeth(牙),foot-feet(脚),goose-geese(鹅)8 .单复同形的名词:(1 ) fish-fish(此时fish当“同类鱼的很多条”讲),sheep-sheep(绵 羊),paper-paper(纸)Chinese-Chinese(中 国 人),Japanese-Japanese(日 A),people-people(peoples 表示“民族”)(2)不可薮名词,如
24、:water(水),rice(米饭),milk(牛奶)Juice(果汁),bread(面包),tea(茶),orange(汁)9 .不规那么变化的名词:1) man-men, woman-women (记忆方法-“男人”女人将a改e)延 伸:policeman-policemen, policewoman-policemenchild-children (孩子)(2) mouse-mice(老鼠)(4)根据中文意思变化的名词,如:I-we(我-我 们),you-you(你-你们),he/she/it-they(他/她/它-他们),this-these(这个-这 些),that-those(那个
25、-那些)小学英语中的同音词、同义词、反义词1.反义词quick -slowlaugh -cryfast -low, slowlyclose -opensmall -bighard -easybehind- in front oflong- shortfar- nearon 一understop -begin/startleft -rightafter- beforecool- warmcheap -expensivedark -brightmuch- littlelike -hatealways neverhigh -lownew oldwest -eastcry一 laughnorth so
26、uthlate -earlyhappy一 sadslower- quicker/fastertall- shortbelow aboveclean -dirtinoutwrong -rightfirst- lastheavy- lightyoung -oldfew manyhungry一 fullold- youngsit- standyesnogo- comemany -fewdifferent -samewet -dryweak- strongdear -cheapcold- hotgood -badthin -thicknight -dayshort -long/talloutside-
27、 insidewin - failquiet -loudsafe -dangeroushere thereup -down2.同义词above一onbike一bicyclefather一dadunder-belowkid-childevening nightglad一happyspeak一 talk一sayfast一quickhear一listenmother一mumsee watch-lookbelow一underlove一likegift一presentplane一airplanelaugh-smilemuch一manyshop-storefew一littlehate一dislikesma
28、ll littlelearn一studybig largedear expensivepicture-photobegin一startmoviefilmfaster一quick3.对应词brother -sisterwaitress waitergirlfriendboyfriendthis thatgirlboyman womanmorning- eveningmother- fatherred 一greenwife- husbandtomorrow -yesterdaydaughter 一sonthese thoseuncleaunt4.同音词seaseeknow noI eyebuyby
29、eforfourtoo two towear wheresunsonmeat meethour our询问姓名、年龄:name, How oldWhat s your name?你叫什么名字?My name is.我口”。1. What s his name?他的名字是什么?His name is Mike.他的名字是麦克。2. What s her name?她的名字是什么?Her name is Chen Jie.她的名字是陈婕。3. How old are you?你几岁 了 ?1 m 12.我十二岁。4. How old is he/she?他/她几岁了?Ile/She is 23.他
30、/她 23 岁。询问颜色:colourWhat colour is it?它是什么颜色的?It s yellow and white.黄白相间。1. What colour are they?它们是什么颜色的?They,re green. 绿色的。询问时间或日期:When1. What time is it now?现在几点钟?It s nine o clock. . It s time for English class.九,点。该上英语课 To(It s eight o clock. It s time to go to bed.)(八点。该上床睡觉 了。)2. What day is i
31、t today?今天星期几?It? s Monday.星期一。What do we have on Mondays?我们星期一上哪些课?We have Chinese, English, math 语文、 英语、 数学3. When is your birthday?你的生日是什么时候?It s October 1st, our National Day.十月一日.国庆节。4. When do you do morning exercises?你们什么时候做早锻炼?1 usually do morning exercises at 8: 30. 我们通常 8: 30 做早锻炼。H询问 方位或地
32、方:WhereWhere is my toy car?我的玩具汽车在哪儿?It s here, under the chair.在这儿.在椅子下面。1. Where is the canteen?餐厅在哪儿?It s on the first floor. 在一楼。2. Where are the keys?钥匙在哪儿?They, re in the door.在门上。3. Excuse me. Where is the library, please?对不起.请问图书馆在哪儿?It s near the post office. 在邮局附近。4. Where are you from?你从哪
33、儿来?1 m from China.我从中国来。5. Where does the rain come from?雨是从哪儿来的?It comes from the clouds. 它是从云层里来的。询问数量或价钱:How many , How muchHow many kites can you see?你可以看见几只风筝?1 can see 12.我可以看见十二只风筝。1. How many crayons do you have?你有多少支彩笔?1 have 16.我有十六支。2. How many people are there in your family?你家有几 口人?Thre
34、e.三人。3. How much is this dress?这条连衣裙多少钱?It s ninety-nine yuan.九十九元。4. How much are these apples?这些苹果多少钱?They re thirty-five yuan.三十五元。“How” 问句:How tall, How heavy, How longHow tall are you?你有多高?1 m 160 cm tall. I m taller than you.我有 160 公分。我比你高。1. How heavy are you?你有多重?1 m 48 kg. You re heavier th
35、an me.我有 48 公斤。你比我重。2. How do you go to school?你怎么上学?Usually I go to school on foot. Sometimes I go by bike. 我通常步行上 学。有时候骑自行车。3. How can I get to Zhongshan Park?我怎么到中山公园去?You can go by the No. 15 bus.你可以乘坐 15 路公汽。(Go straight for five minutes. Then turn left. It s on the left.)直走五分钟。然后左转。公园就在左边。4. H
36、ow long 有多长?询问身体状况或情绪:feel, matterHow do you feel?你感觉如何?1 feel sick.我觉得不舒服。How does Chen Jie feel?陈洁感觉如何?She s tired.她很疲倦。1. What s the matter?怎么了?My throat is sore. / I have a sore throat.我的喉咙疼。2. How are you, Sarah? You look so happy. 你好吗.莎拉?你看起来这么伤心。1 failed the math test.我的数学考试没有通过。询问想吃的东西:would
37、 like1. What would you like for breakfast / lunch / dinner ?中餐/晚餐想吃点什么?A. Mary and Peter9sB. Mary and PeterC. Marys and Peter D. Marys and Peters【小升初英语团队解析】考查名词所有格。根据句意,妈妈们不能去开会,因为他们已经去了上海。首先mothers 提示主语应该是复数。当表示两人分别拥有人或物时,结构是A,s and B,s +名词复数形式。 因此选择D。6 .Li Lei has been to many times this month.A.
38、his uncle B. his uncles C. his uncles D. aunfs【小升初英语团队解析】考查名词所有格。根据句意,他叔叔的住所。所以是his uncle再加,构成所有格形式。 因此选择Bo7 .A classmate of was here ten minutes ago.A. you B. your C. your sister D. your sisters【小升初英语团队解析】考查名词所有格。根据句意,你姐姐中的一个同学10分钟前在这。因为表示很多中的 一个,要用双重所有格。选项中your sisters = your sister,s classmates,“
39、你姐姐同学中的一个 同学”正确表达应该是:a classmate of your sistert so因此选择Do8 .These have saved many childrens lives.A. woman doctors B. women doctorC. women doctorsD. woman doctor【小升初英语团队解析】考查名词单复数。此题考查woman doctor (女医生)的复数形式,假设有man , woman构 成合成名词时,前后都要变为复数形式,因此是women doctorso因此选择C。9.British people eat a lot , and th
40、ey are usually cooked in different ways.A. chicken B. beef C. fish D. potatoes【小升初英语团队解析】考查名词单复数。根据句意,英国人经常吃什么,这些东西经常被用不同的方式去烹饪。1 d like some bread and milk / rice and soup.我想吃面包和牛奶/米饭.和 汤。2. What s for breakfast / lunch / dinner?早 餐/中餐/晚 餐吃什么? Hamburgers and orange juice.汉堡包和橙汁。询问天气状况:weatherWhat s
41、 the weather like in Beijing?北京的天气如何?It s rainy today. How about New York?今天是雨天。纽约呢? It s sunny and hot.今天是晴天.天气很热。10询问职业、身份或人物:Who, What1. What s your father / mother?你的父亲/母亲是做什么的?He s a doctor. / She s a teacher.他是一名 医生。/ 她是一名教师。2. What does you mother / father do?你的母亲/父亲是做什么的?She s a TV reporter.
42、 / He s a teacher. He teaches English.她是一名电视台记者。/他是一名教师。他教英语。3. Who s that man / woman?那位男士 / 女士是谁?He s my father. / She, s my mother.他是我父亲。/ 她是我母亲。4. Who s this boy / girl?那个男孩儿/女孩儿是谁?He s my brother. / She s my sister.他是我兄弟。/ 她是我姐妹。5. Who s your art teacher?你们的美术老师是谁?Miss Wang.王老师。What s she like?
43、她长什么样儿?She s young and thin.她彳艮年轻、 苗条。11询问兴趣、喜好:favouriteWhat s your favourite food / drink?你最喜欢的食物 / 饮料是什么?Fish / orange juice.鱼。 / 橙汁。1. What s your favourite season?你最喜欢的季节是什么?Winter.冬天。(Which season do you like best?(你最喜欢哪个季节?Winter.) 冬天。)Why do you like winter?你为什么喜欢冬天?Because I can make a snow
44、man.因为可以堆雪人。2. What s your hobby?你的爱好是什么?1 like collecting stamps.我喜欢集邮。What s his hobby?他的爱好是什么? He likes riding a bike.他喜欢骑自行车。3. Do you like peaches?你喜欢吃桃子吗?Yes, I do. / No, I don t.喜欢。/ 不喜欢。询问平时一般做的事情:WhatWhat do you do on Saturdays / on the weekends?你星期六 / 周末一般做什么?1 usually do my homework. Some
45、times I play football.我通常做作业.有时 候踢足球。XII.询问正在做的事情:What + -ing1. What are you doing?你在做什么?1 m doing the dishes.我 在洗盘子。2. What s your father doing?你父亲正在做什么?He s writing ane-mai 1.他正在写电子邮件。3. What s the tiger doing?那只老虎在干什么?It s running.它在奔跑。4. What are the elephants doing?/B些大象在干什么?They re drinking.13
46、它们正在喝水。询问将要做的事情:What/Where/When+going1. What are you going to do?你准备做什么?1 m going to the cinema. 我准备去看电影。When are you going to do?你准备什么时候去?This afternoon.今天下午。2. where are you going this afternoon?今天下午你准备到哪儿去?V m going to the bookstore.我准备至U书店去。 What are you going to buy? 你打算买点儿什么?1 m going to buy a comic book.我准备买本漫画书。14询问曾经做的事情:1. Where did you go last weekend / yesterday / on your holiday?你上周末/昨天/假期到哪儿去了? I went to Wuhan. 我去