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1、高中英语高考英语名词知识点及典型例题带答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）The on his face suggested that he was a little nervous.A. instructionB. expressionC. attitudeD. behavior答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：他脸上的表情说明他有点紧张。A.instruction用法说明;B.expression表情；C.attitude态度;D.behavior行为。根据下文of his face （他脸上的）可知说的是表情,应选择B项。1、 Hannah travels the world giving
2、the on dolphins protection, getting more people involved in theconservation of ocean life.A. presenceB. preservationC. presentationD. preparation答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：汉娜环游世界，做关于海豚保护的介绍，让更多的人参与到海洋生物的保护中来。A. presence 存在；B. preservation 保护，维持；C. presentation 介绍；D. preparation 准备。根据后文“on dolphins protectio
3、n”可知,指做关于海豚保护的介绍应用give the presentation on,应选Co3、He made a good to his new school.A. ambitionB. participationC. presentationD. adaptation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他很好地适应了新学校的生活。A. ambition雄心；B.participation参与;C.presentation展示；D. adaptation适应。根据句意可知，该处指“他进入新学校，快速地适应新环境。应选D。4、 Some of his teammates complaine
4、d that he showed a lack of to the team.A. commitmentB. appointmentC. engagementD. amusement30、Sandra Oh, actress of /Killing Eve”, has the of being the first Asian woman to pocket a Golden GlobeAward.A. distinctions. discriminationC. descriptionD. determination答案：A 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：杀死伊芙女演员吴珊卓(Sandra
5、Oh)是首位获得金球奖的亚洲女性。A.distinction 荣誉，勋章；B. discrimination 区别，歧视；C. description 描述，描写;D. determination 决心，果断。这是一个Award (奖项)，她成为首位获得此奖的亚洲女性，显而易见是一种荣誉，仅有A契合语境，应选Ao31、Tom always turns to his father for help and he has absolute in his father.A. campaignB. cautionC. confidenceD. collection答案：C 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句
6、意：汤姆总是向他的父亲寻求帮助，他对他的父亲有绝对的信心。A. campaign运动;B. caution 谨慎；C. confidence 自信；D. collection 收藏品。根据上文“Tom always turns to his father for help”可知，汤姆对他的父亲有绝对的信心，have confidence in sb.表示对某人有信心。应选C。32、Safety should be a in any industry and it should come as no surprise that addressing safety issuesearly can
7、actually save money, long-term, for companies.A. priorityB. paceC. poseD. peak答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在任何行业中，平安都应该是优先考虑的问题，对于公司来说，尽早解决平安问 题实际上可以长期节省资金，这一点也不奇怪。A. priority优先；B.pace速度；C. pose姿势；D.peak山峰。根据前后文“Safety should be a in any industry指平安是优先考虑的问题，应用priority。应选A。1033、It is a great for me to work as
8、a volunteer for the 2022 Winter Olympic.A. signalB. functionC. honorD. agreement答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:作为2022年冬奥会的志愿者，我感到非常荣幸。A. signal信号；B. function功能;honor 荣幸;D. agreement 同意。根据work as a volunteer for the 2022 Winter Olympic.“可知，能够成为 2022 年冬奥会的志愿者感到荣幸。应选C。34、Through association with people who are mea
9、ningful to us, we achieve a sense of security, love, and acceptance.A. rejectionB. equationC. impressionD. companionship答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过和一些对我们很重要的人进行交往，我们获得了平安感、爱情、友谊和认可。 A.rejection B.equation 等同；C.impression fpM; D panionship情谊。根据a sense of security,love, and acceptance ”可知，我们获得了平安感、爱情、友谊和认可。
10、应选D项。35、 It is clear that in modern society high and demands are placed on students.A. motivationsB. expectationsC. opportunitiesD. achievements答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:很明显，现代社会对学生有很高的期望和要求。A.motivations动机；B .expectations期望；B opportunities机会;D.achievements成就。根据 demands”可知，现代社会对学生有 很高的期望和要求。应选B项。36、Here is
11、 a memo for your when you answer the phones.A. consultantB. recommendationC.recognitionD. reference11答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一份备忘录，您接 时可以参考。A. consultant顾问；B. recommendation 推荐；C. recognition识别；D. reference参考。根据上文“Here is a memo for your指将备忘录作为接 的参 考，应用reference。应选D。37、 Whats the matter? Hes been walki
12、ng around with.He failed the examination.A. a long faceB. a wide faceC. a straight faceD. a good face答案：A解析：考查名词短语辨析。句意：一有什么事吗?他一直愁眉苦脸地走来走去。一他考试不及格。A. a long face板着 脸,愁眉苦脸；B. a wide face一张宽的脸；C.a straight face没有表情的脸,一本正经的脸；D.a good face好 的相貌。由语意可知，他考试不及格导致他愁眉苦脸。应选A项。38、 His rude behavior was really
13、a, which made his friends embarrassed.A. virtueB. visionC. leisureD. disgrace答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的粗鲁行为真是一种耻辱，使他的朋友们感到尴尬。A. virtue美德，德行；B. vision 视力，视觉；C. leisure 闲暇；D. disgrace 耻辱，丢脸。根据空后“which made his friends embarrassed”可 知，因为让朋友们感到尴尬，由此可知，他的行为是一种耻辱。应选D。39 Credits （学5J） in Advanced Placement clas
14、ses can greatly help students gain to competitiveuniversities.A. admissionB. distinctionC. boundaryD. approval答案：A12解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大学预修课程的学分可以极大地帮助学生进入有竞争力的大学。A.admission进入, 录取；B.distinctios 区别;C.boundary 边界;D.approval 批准。由“Credits （学分）in Advanced Placement classes can greatly help students可知，句子表示“
15、大学预修课程的学分可以极大地帮助学生进入有竞争力的大 学，因此空格处是录取，进入，应选A。40、 My parents, words had a great on me. I decided to make every to learn English well.A. effect; effortB. effort; effectC. creativity; punishmentD. punishment; creativity答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父母的话对我产生了很大的影响。我决定尽一切努力学好英语。A. effect; effort 影响；努力；B. effort; e
16、ffect 努力；影响；C. creativity; punishment 仓造力；惩罚；D. punishment; creativity 惩 罚；创造力。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语have an effect on sb.,意为对有影响；对起作用，产生效 果。make efforts to do sth.意为竭尽全力做某事句中every （每一个；每个）修饰名词单数形式。应选A。41、I like reading poems, because poems can certain.A. convey; emotionB. convey; emotionsC. express; emotio
17、nsD. explain; emotions答案：B解析：考查动词和名词。句意：我喜欢读诗，因为诗歌能够表达特定的情感。A/B/C/D四个选项中的convey和 emotion意为传递；传达和情感；情绪。第一个空格处由前面的情态动词应填写动词原形，第二个空格根 据句意可知，不同诗歌传达的应是不同的情感，故应填写复数形式的名词。应选B项。42、The method seemed to work, as I gained the respect of my, peers, and subordinates.A. alumniB. internsC. colleaguesD. seniors答案：D
18、13解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种方法似乎奏效了，因为我赢得了长辈、同龄人和下属的尊重。A. alumni校友;interns 实习生;C. colleagues 同事；D. seniors 长辈。根据后面 peers （同龄人）and subordinates （下属）， 可知此处应该是长辈。应选D项。43、 Xingyi is one of the most beautiful in Guizhou.A. citiesB. cityC. snackD. snacks答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：兴义是贵州最美丽的城市之一。city：城市；snack：小吃。根据one of +
19、名词复数, 排除B, C,再由句意选择A。44、Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors, he has high for medical professionals and theirwork.A. regardB. attitudeC. establishmentD. wisdom答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：被两个有奉献精神的医生父母养大，他对医生职业和他们的工作极为尊敬。A.regard 尊敬；B.attitude 态度；C.establishment 建立；D.wisdom 智慧。根据Brought up by pa
20、rents who are both devoted doctors”可知，他对医生和他们的工作极为尊敬。应选A。45、Americans eat vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.A. more than twiceB. twice as many asC. as twice as manyD. more than twice as many答案：D解析：考查倍数表达法。句意：美国人现在吃的蔬菜是他们在1910年吃的蔬菜的2倍多。根据句子结构和意思可知,14这里考查倍数表达法，倍数要放在比拟结构as+adj.+n.+as的前面，被
21、修饰的名词vegetables是可数名词复数 形式，所以用many, “2倍多用more than twice表达。应选D。46、Zhanguimeis selfless to the cause of education is well known, and all her students respect and loveher.A. faultB. complexityC. devotionD. agony答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：张桂梅对教育事业的无私奉献是众所周知的，她的所有学生都尊敬爱戴她。A.fault过错;B. complexity难题；C. devotion奉献;
22、D.agony极大的痛苦。根据句中的selfless（无私的）可知， “devotion（奉献）符合句意。应选C。47、 On your way to New York William will keep you if you dont want to be lonely.A. companyB. companionC. safetyD. friend答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析和固定搭配。句意：在你去纽约的路上，威廉将会陪着你如果你不想太孤单的话。A. company陪伴；B. companion同伴；C.safety平安；D.friend朋友。根据句意可知，固定搭配keep ones c
23、ompany意为陪伴某人最合适。应选A。48、 We have moved into a three-room flat so far. Our room is between.A. Marys and HelensB. Mary and HelensC. Mary and HelenD. Marys and Helen答案：A解析：考查名词所有格。句意：目前，我们已经搬进了一个三居的公寓。我们的房间就在Mary和Helen的中间。根 据前句a three-room flat （三居的公寓），可知有三间卧室，我们和Mary以及Helen每人一间卧室，所以我们15的房子才能在她们俩人的之间（be
24、tween）。A项表示Mary和Helen分别有一间卧室。应选A项。49 The organization has grown enormously since its in 1955.A. libertyB. divisionC. appointmentD. foundation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织自1955年成立以来开展迅速。A.liberty自由；B. division分开、分配； C.appointment 约定；D.foundation 建立。根据上文“The organization has grown enormously（这个组织开展迅速） 可知，该组织
25、自1955年成立以来开展迅速。应选D。50、I hold a firm that the visiting team （客队）will lose.A. dietB. strengthC. beliefD. award答案：c解析：考查名词辨析。句意:我坚信客队会输。A.diet饮食；B.strength强度；C.belief信念；D.award奖励。分析句 子可知，根据that the visiting team （客队）will lose可知此处表示信念、相信,应选C项。小提示：51 Before liberation the laboring people had no to educat
26、ion.A. accessB. approachC. entranceD. admission答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：解放前，劳动人民没有受教育的机会。A. access使用机会，通路；B.approach方 法，途径；C. entrance入口； D.admission准许进入。结合句意表达“有接触的机会，可以接触用have access to。 应选A。52、 Genius is one percent and ninety-nine percent perspiration.16A. collectionB. orientationC. inspirationD. reso
27、urce答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：天才是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水。A. collection聚集；B.orientation 方向； 信仰；C. inspiration 灵感；D. resource 资源。 根据and ninety-nine percent perspiration.可知, 天才需要灵感，但更多的是汗水。应选C。53、Not knowing what the future will bring hardly seems a(n)for doing nothing.A. argumentB. resourceC. performanceD. author
28、ity答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不知道未来会发生什么并不是什么都不做的理由。A.argument理由；B.resource 资源；C.performance表演；D.authority当权者。根据for doing nothing,可知，不知道未来会发生什么并不 是什么都不做的理由。应选A项。小提示：54 During the trip to London, what left me the deepest was St. Pauls Cathedral built many years ago.A. impressionB. panicC. resourceD. impact答案
29、：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在伦敦之行中，给我留下最深刻印象的是多年前修建的圣保罗大教堂。A.impression 印象;B. panic 恐慌；C. resource 资源;D. impact 影响。根据句中the trip to London和St. Pauls Cathedral可知，句中陈述的是圣保罗大教堂是伦敦之行中，给我留下最深刻印象的景点，impression意为 “印象，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。55、 His natural and wisdom made him very popular among the colleagues.A. charityB. chai
30、nC. charmD. chart17答案：c 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他天生的魅力和智慧使他在同事中很受欢迎。A.charity慈善机构；B.chain链条；C.charm魅力；D. chart图表。根据 wisdom可知，他天生的魅力和智慧使他在同事中很受欢迎。应选C项。18答案：A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的一些队友抱怨说，他缺乏对集体的奉献。A. commitment承诺、奉献；B. appointment约会；C.engagement订婚；D.amusement娱乐。此处指队友抱怨他没有为集体奉献服务， commitment 符合句意。应选 A。5、 Export sa
31、les were up by 57% last year, so the company is confident of its further.A. downfalls. expansionC. supervisionD. investigation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年出口销售额增长了 57%,因此该公司对进一步扩张充满信心。A. downfall垮 台，衰败，下雨;B.expansion扩大，扩张；C.supervision监督；D.investigation调查。由语意可知,该公司 去年出口销售额增长了 57%,因此对进一步扩张信心满满。应选B项。6、A perso
32、n can be judged by the books he reads and the he keeps.A. scheduleB. measureC. performanceD. company答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：可以通过一个人所看的书和他交的朋友判断他是什么样的人。A. schedule工作计 划，日程安排，时刻表；B. measure尺度，判断，度量单位；C.performance表演，表现，业绩，性能；D. company在一起的一群人。根据句子结构和句意可知，这里考查keep company与某人为伍，和某人交朋友的 意思。he keeps是做先行词the co
33、mpany的定语从句，company”在定语从句中做宾语，指代人，关系代词 that/whom可以省略。应选D项。7、 Mr. Green is a good. He is kind to his workers.A. employB. employeeC. employerD. employment答案：C解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：格林先生是个好雇主。他对工人很好。A. employ雇用，既可以用作动词也可以用 作名词;B. employee雇员,职工；C. employer老板；D.employment雇用,职业。根据空后“He is kind to his workers.”可知，
34、空处需用名词employer,表示格林先生是好雇主，对工人好。应选C。8、 My brother is a shy boy, so it is a great for him to sing in front of the judges and audience.A. chanceB. challengeC. characteristicD. change答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的弟弟是一个害羞的男孩，因此在裁判和观众面前唱歌对他来说是一个巨大的 挑战。A. chance机会；B. challenge挑战；C.characteristic特点,特征；D.change改变。根据句
35、意可知,此处 表示弟弟害羞，当众唱歌对他是挑战。应选B。9、For those who refused to give the textbook a thorough review, such an examination would go far beyond theirA. inspirations. restorationC. fascinationD. comprehension答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些拒绝彻底复习课本的人来说，这样的考试将远远超出他们的理解。A.inspiration 灵感；B. restoration 恢复；C. fascination 魅力；
36、D. comprehension 理解。 根据For those who refused to give the textbook a thorough review/可知，考试超过了不彻底复习课本的人的理解。应选D。10 To make a team perform better, the coach has to know their and weaknesses.A. powersB. forcesC. strengthsD. energies答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让一个团队表现得更好，教练必须了解他们的长处和短处。A. powers能力；3B. forces力量；C
37、. strengths长处；D.energies能量。由名词weakness （弱点）可知,此处用名词strengtho应选C项。11 To our great, over 5 million of people died of Covid-19.A. satisfactions. sorrowC. delightD. joy答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们深感悲哀的是，超过500万人死于Covid-19。A. satisfaction满足，满意；B. sorrow 悲伤；C. delight 快乐；D. joy 喜悦。根据空后“over 5 million of people d
38、ied of Covid19”可知,因为 500 万人死于Covid-19,所以这是让人悲伤的。应选B。12 As a public, Yao Ming knows what to do in face of this kind of thing.A. characters. opinionC. statueD. figure答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:作为一个公众人物，姚明知道面对这种事情该怎么做。A.character性格； B.opinion意见；C.statue雕塑；D.figure人物。根据常识可知,姚明是一个公众人物，因此空格处是人物。 应选Do13、She spoke
39、very confidently because she wanted to make a great on her employer.A. impactB. pressureC. impressionD. description答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:她说话很自信，因为她想给雇主留下好印象。A. impact影响；B.pressure压力；C. impression印象;D. description描述。根据She spoke very confidently ，可知她说话很自信，因为她想给雇主 留下好印象。应选C项。14 Dieting and exercising can
40、bring your weight under control but you must stick to your plan with.4A. perseveranceB. interactionC. appreciationD. amusement答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：节食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须坚持不懈地坚持你的计划。A.perseverance坚持不懈；B.interaction相互作用;C.appreciation感激；D.amusement可笑。根据句意可知，节 食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须坚持不懈地坚持你的计划。应选A选项。15 I would ap
41、preciate if I could have the of giving a speech here.A. it； honourB. that； honourC. it； gloryD. that； glory答案：A解析：考查代词it和名词辨析。句意：如果我荣幸在这里作演讲我将不胜感激。I would appropriate it if.，如果将 不胜感激是固定句型，it是形式宾语，honour荣誉；面子；荣幸侧重于指高尚的行为，比方忠诚，老实而 受到赞誉,可表示被引以为荣的人或物。have the honour of doing sth.有幸做某事，glory 光荣侧重于获 得的令人称
42、颂的光荣或荣誉地位。根据句意，此处表示“引以为傲的事情。应选A。16、 Its time for all countries to work together to reduce air.A. recognitionB. reservationC. positionD. pollution答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在是所有国家共同努力减少空气污染的时候了。A. recognition认识，识别；B.reservation预定，预约；C.position位置；D.pollution污染。根据空前句意可知，空处需用名词pollution,表 示所有国家共同努力减少空气污染应选3I w
43、atched the plane go higher and higher until I lost of it.A. viewB. sceneC. visionD. sight答案：D解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看着飞机越飞越高，直到它消失在我的视线里。根据句子分析可知，此处表示 “看不见 ，表达为sb. lose sight of sth.。A. view风景；B.scene场景;C.vision视觉；D.sight视野,视线。应选Do18 This information allows businessmen to keep of their list of goods by sh
44、owing which items are beingsold and how fast they are moving.A. sightB. trackC. touchD. sign答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些信息通过显示正在出售的商品和商品移动的速度，使商人能够跟踪他们的商 品清单。A. sight 视力;B. track 踪迹；C. touch 触碰;D. sign 迹象。根据后文of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving”可知指跟踪他们的
45、商品清单，应用 keep track of。应选Bo19 What you do every day will eventually affect whether you can achieve your goal. In other words, your behavior will have a vital on your success.A. effortB. effectC. affectionD. affect答案:B解析：考查名词用法和词义辨析。句意：你每天做的事情最终会影响你是否能实现你的目标。换句话说，你的行为 将对你的成功有至关重要的影响。A. effort努力;B. eff
46、ect影响;C.affection喜爱；D.affect影响。根据句意 可知，行为对于成功有影响，空处缺少名词作宾语，affect为动词。应选B项。20、 I am sure David will be able to find the library. He has a pretty good of direction.A. ideaB. feelingC. experienceD. sense答案：D解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信大卫能找到图书馆。他的方向感很好。A. idea想法；B. feeling感情；C.experience经历；D. sense感觉。结合后文of dire
47、ction表示“方向感短语为a sense of directiono应选DoMy teacher has given me lots of. They/re very useful.A. informationB. newsC. suggestionsD. advice答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的老师给了我很多建议。他们是非常有用的。A. information信息，不可数名词;news新闻，不可数名词；C.suggestions建议，可数名词复数；D. advice建议，不可数名词。根据后文Theyre可知,此处lots of后需接可数名词复数suggestions。应选C。
48、21、 Protecting yourself from theft is a matter of treating all your personal and financial documents as topsecret information.A. identityB. databaseC. conferenceD. resident答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：保护自己不被盗用身份就是把你所有的个人和财务文件当作绝密信息来对待。A. identity n. 身份；B. database n.数据库，资料库；C. conference n.专题讨论会；D. resident n.居民。根据句子结构和意思 可知，这里考查名词做定语，表示身份的意思，修饰后面的名词theft。应选A。23、Wou