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1、高中英语高考英语名词知识点及典型例题带答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）1、High-speed trains are seen as one of the new Four Great of China.A. AgreementsB. EnvironmentsC. InstrumentsD. Achievements2、In our mind, Professor Wang is a learned and kind man, so we showed our for him.A. attentions. respectC. struggleD. requestThe officer in
2、sisted that Michael did not follow the correct in applying for a visa.A. declarationB. gravityC. procedureD. porcelain4、The first week was a little confusing.以上句子中黑体加粗的是.A.名词短语B.形容词短语C.介词短语D.副词短语5、Since you have no child after ten years marriage, youd better a child from local government for*A. adap
3、t; companyB. adapt; friendC. adopt; friendD. adopt; company6、I think he was born to be an/a of a newspaper.A. sweatB. editorC. helicopterD. whistleThe selection process in the job market is based on standard tests of and experience.A. concepts. crewC. competenceD. cruelty8、The map shows the to the b
4、ase of the mountain, which can be reached in an hour.A. routeB. prospectC. gestureTo make a team perform better, the coach has to know their and weaknesses.A. powersB. forcesC. strengthsD. energies10 Nowadays, food safety has become the of the government as well as the society.考查名词词义辨析。句意：如你所知，任何物种的
5、进化在很大程度上都受其与其他物种的联系的影响。A.evolution 进化;B. conclusion 结论；C. appreciation 欣赏；D. association 联盟。根据句中的“species（物种）”可知, “evolution进化符合句意。应选A。16、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个社区的人都在寻找那个失踪的孩子。A.broadcast广播；B.strategy策略； （contribution贡献；D.neighborhood街坊。根据句意并结合各选项可知，是大家都在寻找丧失的孩子。应选 Do17、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个经验丰富的厨师
6、，她的主要烹饪哲学是只使用新鲜的食材。A. innovation创新；B. philosophy 哲学;C. trend 趋势;D. sample 样本。根据is to use only fresh ingredients”可知,空处应使用名词philosophy,表达哲学、理念之意，其他选项不符合题意。应选B项。18、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的生意非常成功，但却以家庭生活为代价。A. expense花费；B. possession财富;C.wisdom智慧;D.fashion时尚。短语at the possession of,意为“在牺牲（或损害）的情况下”，结合句意 及句中
7、but可知，此处指他的生意的成功以牺牲家庭为代价，应选A。19、答案：A解析：考查名词单复数辨析。句意：图中有许多羊和两只狐狸。根据题意，由many许多，可知sheep用复数形式， sheep羊，单复数同形；空格二由two可知，fox用复数形式，fox狐狸，复数形式为foxes。应选A项。20、答案：D解析:10 考查名词词义辨析。句意：别骂他，他只是想做一件好事。A. thing事情；B. act行为；C.manner举止；D.deed行为;事迹。根据上文“He was just trying to do a good可知，此处表示“做一件好事,应用固定搭配doa good deed,应选
8、D。21、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我常想，如果每个人在他成年初期的某段时间里，都遭受失明和失聪的痛苦，那 将是一件幸事。A. blanket毯子；B. contest比赛； C. blessing幸事；D. outcome结果。根据句意结合生活 常识，可知如果每个人在他成年初期的某段时间里，都遭受失明和失聪的痛苦，那将是一件幸事。应选C。22、答案：C解析：考查名词。句意：令我惊讶的是，这些年来这个城市开展的十分迅速。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语to one,s amazement,意为令某人吃惊的是，形容词性物主代词后接名词作宾语。应选C。小提示：23、答案：C解析：考查名词和
9、动词。句意：虽然汤姆和他的家人之间距离很远，但他们并不感到疏远。long是形容词，修饰名 词，因此第一空是名词distance,前面有a,因此空格处用单数，feel是感官动词，其后跟形容词作表语，因 此第二空是distanto应选Co24、答案：C解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：媒体充满着关于女性应该在社会中扮演什么角色的刻板印象。A. crisis危机；B.convention 习俗；C. stereotypes 亥ij板E象；D. substances 物质。 由 what roles women should play in society 可矢口， 媒体对于女性应该在社会中扮演什么角色，
10、总有一个刻板印象。应选C项。25、答案：C11解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意:减轻疼痛很容易，但疾病很难治愈。A. harmony和谐；B.relaxation放松；C. relief 减轻；D. ease 舒适。根据后文“of the pain can be easily achieved but the disease can be hardly cured”可知指减轻 疼痛应用relief,应选Co26、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：王子住在一座又大又漂亮的城堡里。A. hurricane飓风；B. castle城堡；C.petrol汽 油；D.calligraphy书法。根据常
11、识判断可知，王子一般住在城堡里。应选B。27、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们说的应该和做的一致。我们的言行不应该有矛盾。A. conservation保护；B.contradiction 矛盾；C. consequence 结果；D. consultation 咨询。 根据上文What we say should be consistentwith what we do.”可知，指言行不矛盾，应用contradiction。应选B。28、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：有大量的信息说明他是筹划这次事故的人。A. application申请；B.recreation娱乐, 消遣
12、；C.abundance大量。根据句意可知,句中涉及固定短语a great abundance of，意为大量的,丰富 的”,句中表示“大量的信息，abundance意为大量，名词词性。应选C项。29、答案：C解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：你最好把这局部重要文件额外复制一下，以备将来参考需耍。A.preference偏爱；B.potential潜力;Preference参考；D.reservation预定。结合句意可知，reference参考符合句意,应选择C 项。30、答案：C12解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：让你等了这么长时间，我该向你抱歉。A. judgment判断，判决；B.argu
13、ment争论; C.apology抱歉；D.intention意图，目的。由语意可知，让你等了这么长时间，这里表达歉意，apology抱歉”, 符合题意。应选C项。31、答案：C解析：考查名词和动词辨析。句意：当地政府在这个城市启动了一个方案以减少交通事故。A. protest抗议（动词或 名词）；B.protect保护（动词）；C.project方案（名词）；计划（动词）；D.propose提议（动词）。根据 冠词a可知，设空处需填入名词，结合主语government可知，名词project方案符合句意。应选C。32、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:政府已经采取了一些措施来解决这个问题
14、。A. measures措施；B. atoms原子；C. novels小说;D.peppers甜椒。由to solve the problem可知，此处指采取措施解决问题。应选A项。33、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从初中升入高中是一个很大的挑战。A.challenge挑战；B.strategy策略；C.experiment 实验；D.accommodation 住宿。 由Going from junior middle school to senior middle school”可矢口，句子表示从初中升入高中是一个很大的挑战，空格处是挑战，是challenge,应选A。34、答案
15、：C解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：他是现代医学奇迹的活生生的证明。A. comeback复出，东山再起；B. philosophy 生活信条;C. proof证明;D. belief信仰。根据后文“the wonders of modern medicine”可知，他是现代医学奇迹 的证明。应选C项。35、答案：D13解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意:正如我们所看到的，在激烈的竞争中，老实是她成功的关键因素。A. evidence证 据；B. criterion标准；C.concept概念；D.element元素。由句意可知,此处说的是“她成功的关键要素是诚 实。应选D项。36、答案：D解析：考
16、查名词词义辨析。句意：他们平安的消息传来，使我们松了一口气。A.attempt尝试；B.disaster灾难；C.emergency突发事件；D.relief抚慰。根据News of their safety came可知，他们平安的消息传来，使我们松 了一 口气。应选D项。37、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们正在进行一场有关孩子是否应该上课后辅导班的辩论赛。A.encounter遇见;debate辩论;C. impact影响；D.reaction反响。由句意可知,学生们正在辩论孩子是否应该上课后辅导班。 应选B项。38、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：十五头野生亚洲象向北
17、进发，没有人知道它们的目的地。A.response回应；B.destination目的地；C.failure失败;D.demand要求，需要。该句是并列句，根据and前面的headed north可 知，没人知道它们去哪里。应选B。39、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父母的话对我产生了很大的影响。我决定尽一切努力学好英语。A. effect; effort 影响；努力；B. effort; effect 努力；影响；C. creativity; punishment 创造力；惩罚；D. punishment; creativity 罚;创造力。分析句子可知,此处为固定短语have a
18、n effect on sb.，意为对有影响;对起作用，产生效14 果。make efforts to do sth.意为“竭尽全力做某事句中every （每一个；每个）修饰名词单数形式。应选A。40、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有的证据都说明他和这起犯罪事件有很大的关系。A. evidence证据；B.fact事 实；C. factor 因素；D. cause 原因。由下文“indicate that he has been deeply involved in the crime.可矢口,证据表 明他和这起犯罪事件有很大的关系，所以此处表示“证据，应用evidence,应选A。
19、41、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于哥斯达黎加、肯尼亚和尼泊尔等国来说，生态旅游是经济的重要组成局部。A. politics政治；B. history历史;C.geography地理；D. economy经济。根据语意分析,可知生态旅游与经济有 关，D. economy经济符合语境。应选D项。42、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了不辜负父母的期望，大多数孩子甚至在假期也要努力学习。A. expectations期 望；B. qualifications 任职资格;C. applications 应用；D. innovations 创新。根据Tn order to live
20、 up to their parents 可知此处指父母的期望。应选A。43、答案：B解析：考查被动语态和名词。句意：政府宣称资助将由参加就业培训课程的人士获得。由by可知，第一空处用被动 语态，would是情态动词，其后跟be done,因此第一空是be obtained；根据句意可知，training courses意为“就业培训课程,空格处用名词employment作定语，修饰training courses,应选B。44、答案：D解析：考查倍数表达法。句意：美国人现在吃的蔬菜是他们在1910年吃的蔬菜的2倍多。根据句子结构和意思可知,15这里考查倍数表达法，倍数要放在比拟结构as+ad
21、j.+n.+as的前面，被修饰的名词vegetables是可数名词复数形式,所以用many, 2倍多”用more than twice表达。应选D。45、答案：B解析：考查名词/形容词词义辨析。句意：我们很高兴在这里再次见到你。A. pleasant （物）令人愉快的、（人）友 好的；B. pleased （人）感到高兴或满意；C. pleasing （物）令人愉悦的;D.pleasure快乐。此处说明主语We 的状态，用修饰形容人的pleased符合句意。应选B项。46、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们到达了目的地，又累又饿。A. destination目的地；B.descript
22、ion描述，说明;wisdom智慧;D. architect建筑师。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查名词作宾语,需要目的地的意思。应选Ao47、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：儿童专用互联网服务是一项伟大的创新，它将帮助父母控制他们的孩子接入互联 网。A. certificate 证书；B. investigation 调查;C. innovation 创新;D. exception 例外。根据上文“The kids-only Internet service is a great可知，指儿童专用互联网服务是一项伟大的创新，它将帮助父母控制他们的孩子接入 互联网，应用innovation
23、。应选C。48、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：肯的父亲是一名运发动，而肯对体育运动也有相似的热情。A. enthusiasm热情； B.sustainability持续性;C.extent程度。根据上文的similar可推断,肯对运动有相似的热情。应选A。小提示：49、答案：C16解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们早采取这么有效的措施，这条河现在就不会被污染的这么严重了。A.treasures 财产；珍宝；B. efforts 努力；C. measures 措施；D. concerns 关心。根据the river would not be polluted so seriously
24、 now.可知，这里要表达的是采取措施,应选C项。50、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你试图保存文件的磁盘对文件名的长度有限制。根据空格前的冠词a,可知空格处 要填可数名词单数。根据句意，可知此处意指在文件名长度上有限制。应选C项。51、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：布朗先生认为征求工人们的意见以改进他的计划是个好主意。A. summaries总结；B. admissions 准许进入；C. comments 意见， 评论；D. connections 连接。 根据from his workers to improve his plan,可知，此处表示征求工人们的意见以改进他的
25、计划。应选C。52、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据规定，你最多只能从图书馆借十本书。A. minimum最小值；B. majority大多 数；C. mess混乱；D. maximum最大值。根据后文“of ten books from the library指最多只能从图书馆借十本书, 应用a maximum of最多。应选D。53、答案：A解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：比方，一座山脉,就能成为一种典型的城邦之间边界，由于希腊四处邻海，一段水域也 可以成为边界。A.stretch（土地;水域）一片;一段;B.pick挑选；选择;C.profile概述；简介;D.division分
26、 开；分隔。此处指把一段水域作为分界线，应选A。54、答案：C17解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当船即将漂浮时，船长别无选择，只能下令弃船。A.time时间；B. power力量；C.option选择；D. strength力气。固定短语have no option but to do sth.意为除了别无选择，该空应该填 名词option,符合句意及其语法结构。应选C项。55、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管出版商多年拒绝，爱丽丝从未放弃，而是继续写故事。A. conclusion总结，结 论；B. companionship 陪伴；C. rejection 拒绝;D. endu
27、rance 耐力。结合下文Alice never gave up but continued writing stories.可知，此处是指尽管出版商拒绝，但Alice还是坚持认真写作。应选C。18A. advantages. focusC. companyD. angerEvery Cannon digital camera we sell comes with a two-year.A. guarantees. safetyC. protectionD. promiseThe sunrise is a beautiful in the morning.A. traditionB. grav
28、ityC. sceneD. dessert13、More and more travelers are looking for bed and breakfast in private rooms.A. accommodationB. occupationC. equipmentD. furniture14、 I would appreciate if I could have the of giving a speech here.A. it； honourB. that； honourC. it； gloryD. that； glory15 As you know, the of any
29、species is largely influenced by its connections with other species.A. evolutionB. conclusionC. appreciationD. association16、 The whole have been hunting for the missing child.A. broadcasts, strategyC. contributionD. neighborhood17、As an experienced cook, her main cooking is to use only fresh ingred
30、ients.A. innovations. philosophyC. trendD. sampleHis business was very successful, but it was at the of his family life.A. expenseB. possessionC. wisdomD. fashion19 In the picture there are many and two.A. sheep; foxesB. sheeps; foxC. sheeps; foxesD. sheep;foxs20 Dont scold him. He was just trying t
31、o do a good.A. thingB. actC. mannerD. deed21 I have often thought it would be a if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days atsome time during his early adult life.A. blanketB. contestC. blessingD. outcome22 Much to my, the city has developed rapidly over the years.A. amazeB. ama
32、zedC. amazementD. amazing23 Though there is a long between Tom and his family, they dont feel.A. distance; distanceB. distant; distantC. distance; distantD. distant; distance24、The media are filled with about what roles women should play in society.A. crisisB. conventionC. stereotypesD. substancesTh
33、e of the pain can be easily achieved but the disease can be hardly cured.A. harmonyB. relaxationC. reliefD. ease26 The prince lived in a large and beautiful.A. hurricaneB. castleC. petrolD. calligraphy27 What we say should be consistent with what we do. There should not be in our words and actions.A
34、. conservationB. contradictionC. consequenceD. consultation28 There is a great of information that points to him as being the person planning the accident.A. applicationB. recreationC. abundance29、Youd better make extra copies of this important file in case you need it for future.A. preferences. pot
35、entialC. referenceD. reservationI owe you a(an)for having kept you waiting for such a long time.A. judgments. argumentC. apologyD. intentionThe local government has begun a in this city to cut down the traffic accidents.A. protestB. protectC. projectD. propose32、The government has taken some to solv
36、e the problem.A. measuresB. atomsC. novelsD. peppers33、Going from junior middle school to senior middle school is really a big.A. challengeB. strategyC. experimentD. accommodation34、He is living of the wonders of modern medicine.A. comebackB. philosophyC. proofD. belief35、As can be seen, in the fier
37、ce competition, honesty is a vital of her success.A. evidenceB. criterionC. conceptD. element36、 News of their safety came as a great.A. attempts. disasterC. emergencyD. relief37、The students are having a(n)on whether children should attend tutorial classes or not after school.A. encounterB. debateC
38、. impactD. reactionFifteen wild Asian elephants headed north and no one knew their.A. responseB. destinationC. failureD. demandMy parents, words had a great on me. I decided to make every to learn English well.A. effect; effortB. effort; effectC. creativity; punishmentD. punishment; creativity40 All
39、 the indicate that he has been deeply involved in the crime.A. evidenceB. factC. factorD. cause41、For countries such as Costa Rica, Kenya and Nepal, ecotourism is an important part of the.A. politicsB. historyC. geographyD. economy42 In order to live up to their parents, most of the kids have to stu
40、dy hard even over vacations.A. expectationsB. qualificationsC. applicationsD. innovationsThe government declared financial assistance would by those in the training courses.A. obtain;employeeB. be obtained; employmentC. be obtained; employeeD. obtain;employment44 Americans eat vegetables per person
41、today as they did in 1910.A. more than twiceB. twice as many asC. as twice as manyD. more than twice as many45、We are very to meet you here again.A. pleasantB. pleasedC. pleasingD. pleasure46 We arrived at ourtired and hungry.A. destinations. descriptionC. wisdomD. architect47 The kids-only Internet
42、 service is a great which will help parents control their children/s access to theInternet.A. certificateB. investigationC. innovationD. exceptionKens father is an athlete, and Ken has the similar for sports.A. enthusiasmB. sustainabilityC. extent49 If we had taken such effective much earlier, the r
43、iver would not be polluted so seriously now.A. treasuresB. effortsC. measuresD. concerns50、 The disk where you are trying to save the file has a on length of the file names.A. contextB. qualitiesC. limitationD. rangesMr. Brown thought it would be a good idea to have from his workers to improve his p
44、lan.A. summariesB. admissionsC. commentsD. connections551、 According to the regulations, you can only borrow a of ten books from the library.A. minimumB. majorityC. messD. maximum53、Typically, a mountain range will be the boundary between the area of two poleis （城邦）or a of water,because Greece has t
45、he sea winding through it everywhere.A. stretchB. pickC. profileD. division54 When the ship was about to sink, the captain had no but to give orders to abandon the ship.A. timeB. powerC. optionD. strength55 Despite years of by publishers, Alice never gave up but continued writing stories.A. conclusi
46、ons. companionshipC. rejectionD. endurance高中英语高考英语名词知识点及典型例题带答案参考答案1、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：高速列车被认为是中国新的四大创造之一。A. Agreements同意；B. Environments 环境；C. Instruments 仪器，工具；D. Achievements 成就。The Four Great Achievements 为固定用法，意为“四 大创造。应选D项。2、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们心目中，王教授是一个博学的，和蔼的人，因此，我们对他很尊敬。A.attention 注意；B
47、. respect 尊敬；C. struggle 斗争；D.request 请求。根据Professor Wang is a learned and kind man 可知,在我们心目中,王教授是一个博学的,和蔼的人，因此,我们对他很尊敬。show our respect for（向某人表敬意）可知，选B。3、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位官员坚持说，迈克尔在申请签证时没有按照正确的程序。A. declaration宣布;B.gravity重力；C.procedure程序;D. porcelain瓷器。根据applying for a visa”可知，签证要按照程序申请。应选Co4
48、、答案：A解析：考查句子成分。句意：第一周有点混乱。The first week为名词短语，作主语；a little confusing为形容词短语, 作表语，应选A。5、答案：D解析：考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：既然你婚后十年没有孩子，你最好从当地政府收养一个孩子做伴。adapt v.适应；adopt v.收养；company n.陪伴；friend n.朋友。 根据you have no child after ten years，marriage”可知， 第 一空是建议收养(adopt)一个孩子，第二空表示收养孩子的目的，for company为固定搭配，表示，故伴。应选 D项。6、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为他天生就是当报纸编辑的料。A. sweat汗水；B.editor编辑；C. helicopter 直升机；D. whistle 口哨。结合空后名词newspaper可知,此处指报纸编辑。应选B。7、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨