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1、Unit 4 Space Exploration三言两语1. It goes without saying that modern technology brings us convenience and comfort in life.2. China sent up its first satellite completely designed and built by middle school students in 2017.3. After a 21hour trip to space, the astronaut landed safely, making China
2、 the third country to send a person into space after Russia and the USA.1. 一些科学家宣称他们找到了外星人在太空存在的证据。Some scientists claimed that they had found some evidence that_aliens_existed_in_space.2. 中国成功把第一位宇航员送往太空的消息曾震惊了整个世界。The news that_China_had_managed_to_send_the_first_astronaut_into_space once shocked
3、the whole world.核心单词默写识记根据汉语释义写出单词1. intelligent adj. 有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的2. signal vt. & vi. 标志着；标明；发信号n. 信号；标志3. otherwise adv. 否则；要不然 4. beyond prep. 在更远处；超出5. limited adj. 有限的 6. keen adj. 热衷的；渴望的7. resource n. 资源；财力；物力 8. launch vt. & n. 发射；发起；上市9. recycle vt. 回收利用；再利用 10. float vi. 浮动；漂流；漂浮 v
4、t. 使浮动；使漂流11. facility n. 设施；设备 12. pattern n. 模式；图案；模范语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空1. You've got to learn to handle the money I give you a little more intelligently (intelligent)2. (2020· 全国卷)Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite i
5、n orbit above the moon in a spot where it could send signals (signal) to the spacecraft and to Earth.3. Because of this you will only have limited (limit) access to these devices.拓展单词词汇变形根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式1. universe n. 宇宙；天地万物universal adj. 全世界的；普遍的universally adv. 普遍地；全体地2. determine vt. 查明；确定；决定det
6、ermined adj. 有决心的；意志坚定的determination n. 坚定；决心3. disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的disappoint vt. 使失望disappointing adj. 令人失望的；令人沮丧的disappointment n. 失望；沮丧 4. desire n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 渴望；期望desirable adj. 理想的；值得做的5. depend vi. 依靠；依赖；取决于dependent adj. 依赖的；依靠的dependently adv. 依赖地；从属地；有瘾地dependence n. 依赖；依靠independence
7、 n. 独立；自主independent adj. 独立的；自立的independently adv. 独立地；自立地续表拓展单词6. sufficiency n. 足够；充足sufficient adj. 足够的；充足的7. globe n. 地球；世界；地球仪global adj. 全球的；全面的；整体的8. regular adj. 定期的；经常的；正常的regularly adv. 经常；定期地9. mystery n. 神秘事物；谜mysterious adj. 神秘的；不可思议的10. argue vt. & vi. 论证；争辩；争论argument n. 争论；争吵；论点
8、arguable adj. 可辩论的；可论证的；无把握的；有疑问的11. attach vt. 系；绑；贴attachment n. 喜爱；爱慕；信仰；忠诚；附件；连接(物)attached adj. 附加的；附属的；依恋的12. lack n. 缺乏；短缺vt. 没有；缺乏lacking adj. 不足的；缺少的；没有的；欠缺的语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空1. The determined look on his face shows that he determines to achieve his goal with strong will and determination. (de
9、termine)2. To the disappointment of her parents, she lost heart after she failed the college entrance examination, which also made her teachers disappointed. (disappoint)3. If we are always dependent/depending on others, we'll never live independently. So we should develop the habit of being ind
10、ependent. (depend)4. Last night, he argued with his colleagues over an important issue and their argument lasted about two hours. (argue)阅读单词【教师用书独具】1. astronaut n. 宇航员；太空人2. procedure n. 程序；步骤；手续3. mental adj. 精神的；思想的 4. rocket n. 火箭；火箭弹5. gravity n. 重力；引力 6. frontier n. 边境；国界；边远地区7. vehicle n. 交通工
11、具；车辆8. orbit n. (环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围 vt. & vi. 沿轨道运行；环绕运行9. giant adj. 巨大的；伟大的 n. 巨人；巨兽；伟人 10. leap n. 跳跃；剧增；剧变vi. & vt. 跳过；跃过11. mankind n. 人类 12. agency n. (政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处13. transmit vt. & vi. 传输；发送 14. data n. pl._资料；数据15. ongoing adj. 持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的16. spacecraft n. 航天器；宇宙飞船 1
12、7. spacewalk n. 太空行走；太空行走的时间18. jade n. 玉；翡翠；玉器19. dock vi. & vt. (两架航天器)对接；(使)进港 n. 码头；船坞20. solar adj. 太阳的；太阳能的 21. current adj. 当前的；现在的 n. 水流；电流；思潮22. soap n. 肥皂 23. towel n. 毛巾；抹布24. microwave n. 微波炉 25. tissue n. 纸巾；(人、动植物细胞的)组织26. highend adj. 高端的 27. monitor n. 监视器；监测仪 vt. 监视；监测；监控2
13、8. foam n. 泡沫橡胶；泡沫 29. pillow n. 枕头30. smartphone n. 智能手机 31. closing adj. 结尾的；结束的 n. 停业；关闭；倒闭32. oxygen n. 氧；氧气 33. satellite n. 人造卫星；卫星34. muscle n. 肌肉；实力；影响力 35. fatal adj. 致命的；灾难性的36. shallow adj. 肤浅的；浅的熟词生义1. (2020·天津卷)If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can beco
14、me a launch space for it.发起2. (2020·全国卷)“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead.提出；提请考虑(想法或计划)3. (2019·江苏卷)One day, Naomi received an email. Attached was a recording, a recording of loss and love, of the fight. 附上4. (2018·江苏卷)They should either monit
15、or their websites better so that children do not sign up too early, or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users. 监控高频短语短语应用1. result_in 导致；造成2. as_a_result 所以；结果(是)3. run_out 用完；耗尽4. so_as_to_(do_sth.)为了；以便5. figure_out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白6. carry_on 继续做；坚持干7. on_board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上8
16、. in_the_hope_of_doing_sth. 抱着的希望9. provide_for_sb. 提供生活所需10. in_closing 最后语境运用1填入一个适当的词1. They carry on with their experiment despite the strong opposition from some scientists. 2. During the tests, a driver was always on board in case something went wrong.3. They set out early in the hope of findi
17、ng the lost child.语境运用2填入一个适当的词The man felt very worried when he found all his money had run 1. out. 2. As a result, he had to find a temporary job in the restaurant so as 3. to earn some money. He wanted to figure 4. out when he could earn enough money to go back home.教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1. not only . but
18、(also) .Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space equipment, but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training.汤姆和他的同学今年暑假要来参观博物馆。Not_only_Tom_but_also_his_classmates_are_coming_to_visit_museums this summer vacation.2. 过去分词短语作伴随状语Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit a
19、nd the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.教授来了，后面紧跟着一组学生。The professor came in, closely_followed_by_a_group_of_students.3. 倍数表达法Olympus Mons, the largest volcano on Mars, is about twice as high as Mount Qomolangma.一般来说，飞机飞行高度是风筝的十
20、倍。Generally speaking, the plane flew ten_times_as_high_as the kite.1. desire n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 渴望；期望(1)have a desire to do . 渴望做have a desire for . 渴望(2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事desire sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事desire that . (should) do sth. 渴望词块inspire a strong desire for discovery激起强烈的探索欲望her strong desire t
21、o succeed她对成功强烈的渴望单句语法填空 (天津卷)This photo reminds us that we all appreciate beauty and that we all share a common desire for pleasure.If you love what you do, you will be driven by the desire to_achieve (achieve) success.一句多译每个人都渴望成功，而成功只属于努力的人。Everyone has_a_desire_for_success while success only bel
22、ongs to the hardworking people. (desire n)Everyone desires_to_succeed while success only belongs to the hardworking people. (desire v)2. lack n. 缺乏；短缺 vt. 没有；缺乏(1)lack sth. 缺少某物(2) lack of . 的缺少for lack of . 因缺少 (3)lacking adj. 缺少的；缺乏的；没有的；欠缺的be lacking in 缺少；不足词块a lack of food/money/ski
23、lls缺乏食物/金钱/技能(a) lack of confidence in learning English well对学好英语缺乏信心for lack of money因为缺钱单句语法填空(2020· 江苏卷)Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treatment.Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.Lacki
24、ng(lack) such experience will constantly trouble you in your business.一句多译他们缺乏与他人交流的能力，因此在比赛中失败了。They lacked_the_skill_to_communicate_with_others,so they failed in the competition. (lack vt.)They were_lacking_in_the_skill_to_communicate_with_others,so they failed in the competition.(lacking adj.)Lac
25、king_the_skill_to_communicate_with_others,they failed in the competition. (分词短语作状语) 3. argue vt. & vi. 论证；争辩；争论(1)argue with sb. about/over sth. 与某人争论某事argue for/against sth. 据理力争/反对某事argue sb. into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事argue that . 主张/认为(2)argument n. 论证；论据；争吵beyond argument 无可争辩(3)arguab
26、le adj. 可辩论的；可论证的；无把握的；可疑的单句语法填空It's no use arguing (argue) with him about/over the question for he won't change his mind.When this happens, the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument (argue). 一句多译 我们想方设法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳。We tried many ways to_argue
27、_him_into_following_our_advice,but in vain. (argue)We tried many ways to_persuade_him_to_follow our_advice,but in vain. (persuade)We tried many ways to_talk_him_into_following our_advice,but in vain. (talk)4. attach vt. 系；绑；贴(1)attach sth. to sth. 把附在上；把固定到attach importance/significance to重视；认为重要/有意
28、义(2)attached adj. (作表语)附属于；依恋的be attached to 依恋；爱慕；留恋；附属于(3)attachment n. 喜爱；爱慕；信仰；忠诚；附件；连接(物)词块attach great importance to protecting the environment 认为保护环境很重要attach a photo to my application form 在申请表上贴了一张我的照片the attached application form 所附的申请表a child's attachment to its mother 孩子对母亲的依恋单句语法填空(
29、2020·全国卷)She's trying to come up with a lable to attach to nutria fashions to show it is ecofriendly.On her tenth birthday she received a box of chocolates with a card attached (attach) to it, saying “Happy birthday！”词汇升级 (普通表达) Many of us teenagers think our phones are much more impo
30、rtant than our friends.(高级表达) Many of us teenagers attach_much_more_importance_to our phones than to our friends.5. result in 导致；造成(1)result from 由造成；因而产生(2)as a result 结果as a result of 由于的结果without result 没有结果；白费词块result in the failure in the exam 导致考试不及格result in a lot of severe consequences 导致许多严
31、重的后果单句语法填空(2020· 江苏卷)As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first.(2019·天津卷)Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.Misunderstandings r
32、esulting (result) from lack of social communication, if not handled properly, may lead to serious problems.一句多译这周末我要参加一个英语竞赛，所以没法去机场接你了。As_a_result_of an English competition which I have to join in this weekend, I can't go to the airport to pick you up.I have to join in an English competition th
33、is weekend, and as_a_result,I can't go to the airport to pick you up.6. run out 用完；耗尽(1)run out 用完(不及物动词短语，其主语通常为物)run out of用完(及物动词短语，其主语通常为人)use up用完；耗尽(及物动词短语)give out用完；耗尽；筋疲力尽(不及物动词短语)(2)run across偶然遇到run into撞上；偶遇run away逃跑run after追逐；追求词块run out of money钱已用完了run out of time时间到了单句语法填空In th
34、e future, care for the environment will become very important as the earth's natural resources run out.Robert's team delivered a donation of enough noodles and meatballs to feed 20 people at a homeless shelter that had run out of food.一句多译我的钱已花完了，因此我买不起这本书。I have_run_out_of/used_up my money,
35、 so I can't afford the book.My money has_run_out/has_been_run_out_of/has_given_out,so I can't afford the book.7. 倍数表达法(教材原文)Olympus Mons, the largest volcano on Mars, is about twice as high as Mount Qomolangma. 奥林帕斯山是火星上最大的火山，大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍高。常见的倍数句型：(1)Abe倍数asadj./adv.asB(2)Abe倍数形容词比较级/副词比较级tha
36、nB(3)Abe倍数the size/length/height/depth/widthofB表示“两倍”时要用double或twice，三倍或三倍以上用“基数词times”。有时我们也用分数、百分数、half等代替倍数。金句It's said that the power plant is now twice as large as what it was. 据说该发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。单句语法填空(江苏卷)The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster (fast) than traditional ga
37、rbage as a whole.The new stadium being built for the 2022 Asian Games will be three times the height (high) of the present one.一句多译众所周知，地球是月球的49倍大。As is known to us, the earth is fortynine_times_as_big_as the moon.It is known to us that the earth is fortynine_times_bigger than the moon.W
38、hat is known to us is that the earth is fortynine_times_the_size of the moon. 用所给词的正确形式填空1. It's that kind of courage and determination (determine) that makes him such a remarkable character.2. Though lacking (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to a university.3. He was born in a
39、 poor family, and only received a limited (limit) education in his childhood.4. She showed special concern for the college students and attached much significance to educating (educate) them.5. It is_desired (desire) that the project be finished before the end of this month. 在空白处填入一个适当的词1. He decide
40、d to find another parttime job because he had to provide for the large family.2. They decided to move to Beijing in the hope of getting better treatment. 3. Much as I understand him, sometimes I still cannot figure out some of what he says. 4. The steady going up of the temperature may result
41、in floods, droughts and famines (饥荒)5. He defeated all competitors and won the scholarship as a result. 查缺补漏1. They set off for the destination too late; otherwise they wouldn't have_been_ stuck (stick) in the storm.2. We have to adjust the structure of our products so as to_survive (survive) th
42、e keen competition.3. The price of the house is so high that it is well beyond our range.4. Above all, they knew how to use their brains and thought independently (independent)5(2019·天津卷)We can observe that artificial intelligence (intelligent) has already made an impact on our lives in many wa
43、ys.【教师用书独具】 单元话题语篇练Located in a natural depression in Guizhou, China's Fivehundredmetre Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope, 1. known (know) as FAST, has identified six pulsars (脉冲星) after one year of trial operation. It is the first time that Chinese scientists have discovered pulsar
44、s using a radio telescope independently developed by Chinese scientists, thus 2. opening (open) a “new era of Chinese original space discovery”It is truly encouraging for China to have achieved such results in just one year. Since the first pulsar 3. was_discovered (discover), over 2,700 pulsars hav
45、e been identified. But almost all of them are 4. in/within the scope of the Milky Way. Being the world's largest radio telescope, FAST is expected to capture pulsars outside the galaxy. Apart from the massive size, it also has unmatched accuracy and sensitivity, allowing scientists 5. to_find (f
46、ind) previously hidden stars. Moreover, FAST is capable of surveying the night sky for multiple 6. scientific (science) data at once, 7. which enables astronomers to jumpstart many science goals. Its innovative engineering concept and design pave 8. a new road to realise a huge single dish in
47、the most effective way.China's FAST science impact on astronomy will be extraordinary, and has the potential to revolutionise other 9. areas (area) of the natural sciences. It 10. will_remain (remain) the global leader for the next 10 to 20 years. 单元话题写作练1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)在悠久的历史中，宇宙的神秘一直吸引着人类，我们对其的探索一直在进行着。During the long history, the mystery of the universe has been attracting mankind and our exploration about it has been ongoing. 人类已经成功地登陆月球并渴望探索火星，希望它在未来能成为人类的第二家园。Man has succeeded in landing on the moon and desires to explore Mars in_the_hope_of making