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1、UNIT 4 History and Traditions三言两语1. Britain has many places of interest, which attract a lot of tourists from all over the world.2. Qianmen Street, with a history of 600 years, is 800 metres in length, along which there are more than 300 shops.3. The change in people's way of life largely result
2、s from the fact that people's living conditions have greatly improved.1. 我设法收集了一些有用的信息，包括英国的文化和历史。I managed_to_collect some useful information, including British culture and history.2. 这个小村庄三面环山，在东面，面向一条清澈的河流。Surrounded_by_mountains on three sides, the small village faces a clear river on the ea
3、st.核心单词默写识记根据汉语释义写出单词1. chief adj. 最重要的；最高级别的 n. (公司或机构的)首领；酋长2. nearby adj. 附近的；邻近的 adv. 在附近3. defence n. 防御；保卫 4. surround vt. 围绕；包围5. charge n. 收费；指控；主管vt. 收费；控告；充电 6. ensure vt. 保证；确保；担保7. approach n. 方法；途径；接近vt. 接近；接洽；着手处理vi. 靠近 8. position n. 位置；姿态；职位9. belong vi. 应在(某处)；适应 10. eager adj. 热切的；
4、渴望的11. custom n. 风俗；习俗；习惯 12. battle n. 战役；搏斗 vi. & vt. 搏斗；奋斗13. amount n. 金额；数量 14. poet n. 诗人15. striking adj. 引人注目的；显著的语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空1. (2020·浙江卷)In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches (approach)2. All our officers are trai
5、ned to defend (defence) themselves against knife attacks.3. (2020·浙江卷)The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which was surrounded (surround) by a high wire fence.4. My phone is power off because I forgot to get it charged (charge) ahead of time.5. Large television screens were_positione
6、d (position) at either end of the stadium.6. Please remember to_ensure (ensure) all lights are switched off when you leave the classroom.续表拓展单词词汇变形根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式1. puzzle n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt. 迷惑；使困惑puzzling adj. 令人困惑的puzzled adj. 感到困惑的2. evidence n. 证据；证明evident adj. 明显的3. achievement n. 成就；成绩；达到achie
7、ve v. 取得；达到4. location n. 地方；地点；位置locate v. 定位5. fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的fascinate v. 使着迷fascination n. 魅力；吸引力6. announce vt. 宣布；通知；声称announcement n. 通知7. generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的generosity n. 大方；慷慨generously adv. 大方地；慷慨地8. greet vt. 问候；迎接greeting n. 问候；招呼；迎接9. crowd n. 人群；一群人；民众vt. 挤满；使拥挤crowde
8、d adj. 拥挤的10. individual adj. 单独的；个别的 n. 个人individually adv. 个别地；单独地；独特地individuality n. 个性；个人；特色individualism n. 个人主义语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空1. There was a puzzled look on the little girl's face because a puzzling problem puzzled her. (puzzle)2. I hold the firm belief that you are bound to achieve your
9、dream of being admitted to a key university, which will give you a wonderful sense of achievement. (achieve)3. It was_announced that the amusement park would be closed. We were shocked by the announcement. (announce)4. Entering a supermarket, I was warmly greeted by the greengrocer. His cheery greet
10、ings made me feel at home. (greet)5. The museum is_located in the southwest of the city and you can find its location easily on the map.(locate)6. I was deeply fascinated by the fascinating scenery of the scenic spot. (fascinate)阅读单词【教师用书独具】1. Confucius n. 孔子2. mansion n. 公馆；宅第3. cemetery n. 墓地；公墓 4
11、. philosophy n. 哲学5. descendant n. 后裔；后代；子孙 6. heel n. 足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟7. kingdom n. 王国；领域 8. currency n. 通货；货币9. military adj. 军事的；军用的 10. conquer vt. 占领；征服；控制11. port n. 港口(城市) 12. gallery n. (艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊13. landscape n. (陆上，尤指乡村的)风景 14. butter n. 黄油；奶油vt. 涂黄油于15. honey n. 蜂蜜 16. ancestor n. 祖宗；祖先
12、17. courtyard n. 庭院；院子 18. snack n. 点心；小吃19. county n. (英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县 20. feast n. 盛宴；宴会；节日21. roll vi. & vt. (使)翻滚；(使)滚动n. 卷(轴)；翻滚 22. dot n. 点；小(圆)点vt. 加点；遍布23. cattle n. 牛 24. roar vi. & n. 吼叫；咆哮25. ocean n. 大海；海洋 26. scent n. 气味；气息27. pub n. 酒吧；酒馆 28. wine n. 葡萄酒；果酒29. beer n. (一杯)啤酒
13、30. stew n. 炖菜(有肉和蔬菜) vt. & vi. 炖；煨31. sensory adj. 感觉的；感官的 32. transition n. 过渡；转变；变迁熟词生义1. (2020·天津卷)We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. 民众2. (2019·北京卷)She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. 联系；接洽3. (2018·全国卷)The noise shakes the trees
14、 as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.猛冲4. (浙江卷)At the start of this year, foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million. 总计高频短语短语应用1. an_amount_of大量2. break_away_(from_sb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱3. belong_to属于4. as_well_as同(一样也)；和；还5. keep_one's_ey
15、es_open_(for) 留心；留意6. join_._to_. 把和连接或联结起来7. be_eager_to_do渴望去做8. be_similar_to和类似9. refer_to_._as把称作语境运用1填入一个适当的词1. I wonder whether it can be bent and joined to other materials.2. The scientist referred to the discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.3. A good translation shou
16、ld be similar to the original text not only in form but also in spirit.语境运用2填入一个适当的词The poor young man wanted to break away 1. from this new place because he thought that he didn't belong 2. to it. He must keep his eyes open 3. for everything. Otherwise, he would be blamed by his new boss. He mi
17、ssed his families as well 4. as his old friends.教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1. have sth. doneThey had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.今年夏天我要把我的房间装修一下，因为它有点旧了。I will have_my_room_decorated this summer because it is a bit old.2. be likely toAnd if you introduce yourself to a fri
18、endly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs firsthand.据我判断，你更有可能获得这个工作。As far as I can judge, you are_more_likely_to_get_the_job.1. surround vt. 围绕；包围(1)surround sb./sth. with/by .使某人/某物被包围(2)surrounding adj. 周围的(3)surroundings n. 环境 (通常用复数形式) 词块be surrounded b
19、y family and friends有家人和朋友陪伴在身边the surrounding scenery 四周的风景单句语法填空(2020·全国卷)When he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.(2019·江苏卷)Steve arrived and sat in the front row, surrounded (surround) by his famil
20、y.(2018·天津卷)Now we live in a world surrounded (surround) by the “can't do” attitudes.(2018·天津卷)Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings (surround) during the journey?句式升级(普通表达)The tall building in the distance is home to my father's company. The tall building is surroun
21、ded by a great many big trees.(高级表达)The tall building surrounded_by_a_great_many_big_trees_in_ the_distance is home to my father's company.(分词作定语)(高级表达)The tall building which_is_surrounded_by_a_great_many_big_ trees_in_the_distance is home to my father's company.(定语从句)2. charge vt. 收费；控告；充电
22、 n. 收费；主管；指控；控告；指责；批评(1)charge sb. with sth. 因某事控告某人(2)charge sb. for sth. 向某人索取的费用(3)free of charge/for free 免费in charge (of)主管；负责；照顾in the charge of/in one's charge由某人负责；由某人管理take charge of掌管；负责；看管词块the person in charge负责人service charge服务费criminal charges刑事指控单句语法填空(江苏卷)We choose this hotel bec
23、ause the price for a night here is down to $20, half of what it used to_charge (charge)(江苏卷)Far from charging (charge) consumers high prices, many of these services are free.I wonder how much you charge for your services.The first two are free while the third costs $30.The man who had taken charge o
24、f the company was charged with taking drugs.Your order will be delivered free of charge within a tenmile limit.一句多译他不能掌管这个项目，因为这超出了他的能力。The programme can't be in_his_charge because it is beyond his ability.He can't be in_charge_of the programme because it is beyond his ability.3. amoun
25、t n. 金额；数量(1)a small/large amount of不可数名词单数动词 少/大量的amounts of不可数名词复数动词 大量的(2)amount to 合计；共有词块a large amount of information大量的信息单句语法填空 (2020·新高考全国卷)Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food.It's reported that a large amount of money was_spent (spend) on the bri
26、dge.It's reported that large amounts of money were_spent (spend) on the bridge.完成句子据说一大笔资金投入到了这个分公司。It's_said_that_a_large_amount_of_capital is invested in the branch.4. approach vi. 接近；靠近；走近vt. 接近；接洽；对付；着手处理 n. 接近；方法；途径(1)the approach of 的来临an approach to . 做某事的方法；通向某地的路at the approach of在快
27、到的时候(2)approach to/towards . 接近，靠近approach作名词时，后面常跟介词to，表示“的方法”，而way, method, means表示“方法”时后常跟介词of。词块the approach of autumn秋天的来临a new approach to the railway station去火车站的一条新路单句语法填空(2020·浙江卷)I couldn't see Don, but as I approached (approach) the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently
28、 unhurt, and dashed back to me.(上海卷)Approaching (approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.(2018·全国卷)China's approach to protecting its environment while feeding its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.At the app
29、roach of the 2022 university entrance examination, most of us stay up late to study.词汇升级/句式升级(普通表达) As the time for graduation is coming, we are busy with our papers.(高级表达)As the time for graduation is approaching/drawing_near/around_ the_corner,we are busy with our papers.(高级表达)With_the_time_for_gr
30、aduation_approaching,we are busy with our papers.(with复合结构)5. belong to属于；归属；为的一员(1)belong to不用于进行时态也没有被动形式。类似用法的还有take place, occur, happen等。(2)belong vi. 应在(某处)；适应(3)belonging n. 归属(4)belongings n. 所有物；财产 词块a sense of belonging归属感personal belongings个人财物单句语法填空(2019·浙江卷)The students feel that t
31、hey belong to a particular group.(2018·全国卷)Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings (belong)?Have you seen a dictionary belonging (belong) to our school library?Yes, it is over there and
32、Mary is using it.一句多译众所周知，中国是属于第三世界的国家。It is wellknown that China is a country which_belongs_to the Third World.(定语从句)It is wellknown that China is a country belonging_to the Third World.(分词作定语)6. have sth. done(教材原文)They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the lega
33、l system. 他们在英格兰各地修建了城堡，并对法律制度进行了修改。(1)“havesth. (宾语)过去分词(宾语补足语)”表示三种意义。一是“让/叫/使/请别人做某事”；二是表示主语遭受的损失；三是完成或解决某事(主语可参与)，宾语后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。(2)have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事(3)have sb./sth. doing 让某人一直在做某事/让某事一直发生(4)have sth. to do有某事要做(不定式作定语) 金句 (2018·天津卷)I need a new passport so I w
34、ill have to have my photograph taken. 我需要一个新的护照，所以我不得不去照张照片。单句语法填空I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and have my false teeth fixed (fix)(北京卷)I won't have you making (make)the same mistake again and again.When his mother had him do his homework, h
35、e decided to have his light burning (burn) all night to pretend he was working hard.(山东卷)I have a lot of readings to_complete(complete) before the end of this term.句式升级(普通表达)You should take the chance to deepen your knowledge of traditional Chinese culture.(高级表达)You should take the chance to have_yo
36、ur_knowledge_of_ traditional_Chinese_culture_deepened.(have宾语宾补) 用所给词的正确形式填空1. At the meeting they discussed three different approaches (approach) to the study of mathematics.2. Entering the room，I found Jack surrounding(surround) himself with piles of books.3. It's said that amounts of water in
37、 this area were(be) polluted and some specialists were sent there to solve the problem.4. Charged (charge) with acting dishonestly in her business, she was in low spirits.5. There is no doubt that these cultural relics belonging (belong) to the state should be returned. 在空白处填入一个适当的词1. Papercut
38、ting has a history of over 1,500 years, which belongs to traditional art in China.2. Kate was in a hurry to grow up, eager for knowledge and experience.3. When the teacher announced the news to the students, they all burst into cheers.4. It is thought that girls should be trained to defend themselve
39、s against some attacks.5. My uncle is so generous with his money that he is popular with his friends. 查缺补漏1. Claire had her luggage checked (check) an hour before her plane left.2. It was freezing cold and we all crowded (crowd) around the stove to keep warm.3. It is important to_remember (remember)
40、 that success is a sum of small efforts made each day and often takes years to achieve.4. It's believed that it is difficult to break away from the habit of smoking.5. Actors have to learn their cues as well as their own lines.【教师用书独具】 单元话题语篇练(2020·河北宣化模拟)Silk is mainly produced in the sout
41、h of the Yangtze River Delta. The people 1. living (live) in the region were the inventors of silk fabric, and no other culture discovered this process independently. The history of silk making 2. began (begin) 6,000 years ago, and the earliest example of silk fabric 3. that has been discovered date
42、s from 3630 BC in Henan. Silk cloth producing process was well advanced during the Shang Dynasty (about 1600 1046 BC) era.China produces about 150,000 tons 4. annually (annual). This is much more than the rest of the world. Only India has a comparably large industry that produces about 30,000 tons.I
43、t is thought that silk 5. was_exported (export) along the Silk Road routes about 400 BC ago. But after that, the 6. various/varied (variety) kingdoms kept secret the methods of silk 7. production (produce) for another thousand years. It might have been one of the most energetically guarded secrets i
44、n history. Anyone 8. found (find) secretly carrying silkworm eggs, or mulberry (桑树) seeds was put to 9. death (die)Silk garments were worn by emperors and royalty. It was a symbol of status, 10. so common people were prohibited from wearing silk. Silk was also used for a number of other applications
45、 including luxury writing material. 单元话题写作练1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)很多人都渴望去参观大英博物馆，因为它可以被视为一场视觉盛宴。Many people are_eager_to visit the British Museum because it can be regarded as a feast of eyes. 没有其他博物馆能够取代大英博物馆。No other museums can take_the_place_of the British Museum.对于全世界游客来说它是一个极有吸引力的旅游景点。It is a
46、 fascinating tourist attraction for tourists from all over the world. 大英博物馆包括九个展厅，其中一个就是中国展厅。The British Museum consists_of nine showrooms, one of which is the showroom of China.当你环顾这个展厅四周时，你可能会觉得困惑，英国居然拿走了那么多属于中国的珍贵的东西。When you look around the showroom, you may feel_puzzled that Britain should have
47、 taken so many valuable things belonging_to China. 游览大英博物馆，你必须确保把要参观的东西列一张单子。When visiting the British Museum, you must ensure that you have made a list of the things which you want to see. 只有用这种方式，你才能确保不遗漏那些引人注目的东西。Only in this way can you make sure not to leave out anything striking.2. 升级平淡句(1)用wh
48、ich引导的非限制性定语从句合并1中句和句No other museums can take the place of the British Museum, which is a fascinating tourist attraction for tourists from all over the world. (2)用what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句升级1中句When you look around the showroom, what may puzzle you is that Britain should have taken so many valuable things belonging to China.3. 衔接成文Many peopl