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1、高中英语高考英语名词知识点及典型例题带答案单项选择题（精选试题名师出品）1、Im pleased that we do have the to produce so much food.A. frictionB. clueC. capacityD. physician答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴我们有能力生产这么多食物。A. friction摩擦力；B.clue线索；C. capacity （领悟或理解、办事）能力；D. physician医师，内科医生。根据前后文句意可知，此处指有能力生产足够的 食物。应选C项。2、Jay Leno, the host of the Ton
2、ight show, once said that every new challenge put all the resources of the host to the test, and most solutions belonged to the.A. accidentB. customC. eventD. occasion答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jay Leno曾经说过，每一次挑战都在测试主持人的资源，大多数的解决方法都属于 偶然。A. accident偶然；B.custom风俗;C.event工程，大事件；D. occasion场合。根据句意分析可知,此处 表示“解决
3、方式属于偶然，表达为accident。应选A。3 My brother is a policeman.划线成分是A.主语B.谓语C.宾语D.表语答案：D解析：考查句子成分。句意：我的哥哥是一名警察。句子中，my brother为主语，is为系动词，a policeman在系 动词后作表语。应选D。4、 The police ordered him not to leave the city without.A. issuesB. updatesC. descriptionsD. schedules答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从现在开始，我们将定期发布一系列最新消息，以便那些阅读我们的
4、帖子的人不 总挂念我们。A. issues发行；B. updates最新消息;C.descriptions描写;D. schedules计划。根据句意可知, 为了那些阅读我们的帖子的人不总挂念我们，所以要定期发布一系列最新消息，所以此处表示“最新消息”， 应用updates,应选B。31、There is no denying that watching this screen of Norwegian Wood will certainly be a heart-breakingexperience.A. ambitionB. adaptationC. expectationD. quali
5、fication答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：不可否认，观看这部改编自挪威森林的电影肯定会是一次令人心碎的经历。A.ambition 雄心抱负；B.adaptation适应，改编；C.expectation期待；D.qualification资格。根据句意，watching this screen Norwegian 可知，此处表达小说的电影改编版本，应选B。32、 There must be something wrong with the machine. It is making strange.A. noiseB. noisyC. voice答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：机器一
6、定出了故障。它正在发出奇怪的噪音。A. noise n.噪音；B. noisy adj.噪杂的; C.voice n.声音。根据句意可知，机器出了问题，所以会发出噪音。应选A项。33、 The present of education needs improving.A. systemB. dawnC. cometD. vitamin答案：A10解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：目前的教育制度需要改进。A. system制度；B.dawn黎明；C et彗星；D. vitamin维生素。由of education可知，此处指教育制度,system符合句意。应选A项。34、 The of penic
7、illin is very helpful in fighting against bacteria.A. generations. statisticC. nutritionD. discovery答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：青霉素的发现对对抗细菌很有帮助。A. generation一代；B.statistic统计；C.nutrition 营养;D. discovery 发现。根据后文of penicillin is very helpful in fighting against bacteria”指青霉素的发 现，应用discovery,应选Do35、The boss has
8、in solving such a problem.A. many experiencesB. many experiencedC. much experiencedD. much experience答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：老板在解决这样的问题上有丰富的经验。空处为宾语，应用名词，名词experience意为经 验时是不可数名词，意为经历时是可数名词，根据句意可知，此处表示有很多经验，不可数名词用much 修饰，应选D。36、A friend of thinks she wont pass the exam.I think she should believe in. Thats th
9、e secret to success.A. my aunt; herB. my aunts; herC. my aunts; herself答案：c解析：11 考查代词和所有格。句意：一一我阿姨的一个朋友认为她考试没过。一一我认为她应该相信自己。这是成功的 秘诀。根据语境可知第一空表示我阿姨的一个朋友，应用所有格形式；第二空是固定短语believe in oneself(相信自己)。应选CoLack of mutual not only gets in the way of your work, but it can also your relationships andyour self-
10、esteem.A. comment. differB. respect. damageC. benefit. destroyD. expectation . decorate答案：B解析：考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏相互尊敬不仅会阻碍你的工作，还会损害你的人际关系和自尊。 comment评论，differ“有区别，有分歧；respect尊敬，damage损害；伤害；benefit益处;好处”, destroy毁坏；expectation”期待，decorate装饰。根据句意，相互不尊重会阻碍工作，也会损害人际关系 和自尊。应选B。小提示：38、The students are havin
11、g a(n)on whether children should attend tutorial classes or not after school.A. encounterB. debateC. impactD. reaction答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们正在进行一场有关孩子是否应该上课后辅导班的辩论赛。A.encounter遇见;debate辩论；C. impact影响；D.reaction反响。由句意可知，学生们正在辩论孩子是否应该上课后辅导班。 应选B项。39、The stronger the is, the more quickly a man will lea
12、rn a new skill. In other words, it is up to whetherhe has an interest in it.A. motivationB. cooperationC. qualificationD. interaction12答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：动力越强，一个人学习新技能的速度就越快。换句话说，这取决于他是否对此感兴趣。A. motivation 动力；动机；B. cooperation 合作；C. qualification 资格；D. interaction 相互作用。根据“whether he has an interest
13、in it”可知,感兴趣就会有动力。应选A项。40 Do you have a work for this week, Doreen?A. headlineB. attitudeC. scheduleD. identity答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:你这周有工作安排吗，多琳？ A. headline头条新闻；B. attitude态度；C. schedule 日程、计划；D. identity身份。这里指工作安排。应选C。41、请选出与单词symbol”匹配的释义。A.相似B.象征C.同义词D.原谅答案：B解析：考查词汇意思。symbol意思是象征，应选B。42、The first
14、warning was from a station further in the harbor telling me to stop, that we wereapproaching danger.A. sighB. signC. signalD. image答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一个警告来自港口远处的一个信号站，告诉我停下来，我们正接近危险。A.sigh 叹气，叹息；B.sign签名，迹象，符号；C.signal信号灯；（无线电）讯号，信号；D.image形象，印象。根据 句意和各项词义，signal station,意为信号站,能对来往船只发出危险、警告等信号,sign
15、al作station的定 13语，符合语境，应选C项。43、 In order to live up to their parents, most of the kids have to study hard even over vacations.A. expectationsB. qualificationsC. applicationsD. innovations答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:为了不辜负父母的期望，大多数孩子甚至在假期也要努力学习。A. expectations期 望;B. qualifications 任职资格；C. applications 应用；D. inn
16、ovations 创新。根据“In order to live up to their parents7 ”可知此处指父母的“期望。应选A。44、Scientists want to bring a chunk of the red planet down to earth on whats called a-return mission.A. sampleB. productC. seedD. ancestor答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学家们希望将这颗红色行星的一大块带回地球，进行所谓的取样返回任务。A.sample 样本；B.product 产品；C.seed 种子；D.an
17、cestor 祖先。由前面的bring a chunk of the red planet down to earth可知，是将这颗红色行星的一大块作为样本带回地球，因此空格处是样本。应选A。45、 I think it to read English storybooks and its a great way to improve my English.A. interestB. interestingC. interestsD. interested答案：B解析：考查词义辨析。句意：我觉得读英语故事书很有趣，这是提高我英语水平的好方法。A. interest名词，兴趣， 爱好；B. in
18、teresting形容词，有趣的;C.interests名词，利益，好处;D. interested形容词，感兴趣的。分析 可知，本句使用了 think it+adj.+to do的句式，it为形式宾语，adj.此处为宾补，不定式结构为真正的宾语，表 示读英语故事书，所以要用-ing结尾形容词。应选B。46、 Some of his teammates complained that he showed a lack of to the team.14A. commitmentB. appointmentC. engagementD. amusement答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他
19、的一些队友抱怨说，他缺乏对集体的奉献。A. commitment承诺、奉献；B. appointment约会；C. engagement订婚；D. amusement娱乐。此处指队友抱怨他没有为集体奉献服务， commitment 符合句意。应选 A。47、 Export sales were up by 57% last year, so the company is confident of its further.A. downfalls. expansionC. supervisionD. investigation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:去年出口销售额增长了 57%,因
20、此该公司对进一步扩张充满信心。A. downfall垮 台,衰败，下雨；B. expansion扩大，扩张；C.supervision监督；D.investigation调查。由语意可知,该公司 去年出口销售额增长了 57%,因此对进一步扩张信心满满。应选B项。48、Considering its convenience and wide application, the investors are becoming increasingly excited about the future of the new digital device.A. expenseB. prospectC. p
21、ropertyD. profit答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到它的方便性和广泛应用性，投资者对这种新型数字设备的未来前景越来越 兴奋。A. expense费用；B. prospect前景；C.property财产,所有物;D.profit利润。根据句意可知,因为它 的方便性和广泛应用性，投资者应该是看好这种新型数字设备的未来前景，prospect意为前景，名词词性, 符合句意。应选B项。49、 Though I was sure of my performance, Km still waiting for of the test results.A. confirmationB
22、. missionC. institutionD. foundation15答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我确信自己的表现，但我仍在等待测试结果确实认。A.confirmation确认； B.mission任务；Constitution机构;D.foundation建立。根据句意和语境,可知应是确认测试结果,应选A。50、 The round mooncake is a of reunion and happiness in Chinese culture.A. symbolB. signalC. signD. view答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在中国文化中，圆圆的月饼
23、是团圆和幸福的象征。A. symbol象征；B. signal信号;C. sign 迹象;D. view 观点。 由上下文“The round mooncake is a of reunion and happiness in Chineseculture.可知，在中国文化中，月饼是团圆和幸福的象征，应选A。51、 A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the of the week/s events.A. antiqueB. durationC. highlightD. scenery答案：c解析：考
24、查名词词义辨析。句意：为期一周的庆祝活动将以激动人心的番茄大战作为本周活动的亮点。A. antique古 董;B. duration 持续时间;C. highlight 最好的局部;D. scenery 风景。根据an exciting tomato battle可知， highlight最好的局部符合句意。应选C。52、More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a great of goods.A. combinationB. mixtureC. extensionD. variety答案：D解析：考查
25、名词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的人选择在超市购物，因为超市提供各种各样的商品。A. combination组16 合；B. mixture混合物;C. extension延伸;D. variety品种。结合语境，a great variety of各种各样的,作量词, 固定搭配，符合题意。应选D项。53、great fun we had snowmen!A. What a, makingB. What a, to makeC. What, to makeD. What, making答案：D解析：考查感叹句和非谓语动词。句意：我们堆雪人是多么有趣啊!做某事开心是have fun (in)doin
26、gsth.此处用 makingo句子是what+(a/an)+形容词+可数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语+其他！结构的感叹句，句中名词fun 是不可数名词，前面不用不定冠词。应选D。54、 After the flood, the first thing the government did was to provide for the homeless families.A. accommodationB. qualificationC. occupationD. admission答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：洪水过后，政府做的第一件事就是为无家可归的家庭提供住宿。A. accomm
27、odation 住宿；B. qualification 资格；C. occupation 职业；D. admission 进入。根据后文“for the homeless families指为无 家可归的家庭提供住宿，应用accommodation。应选A。55、The organization assists people based on need and gives the top to those in the most serious andimmediate danger.A. devotionB. divisionC. potentialD. priority答案：D解析：考查名
28、词词义辨析。句意：该组织根据需要为人们提供帮助，并对那些处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人给予 优先考虑。A. devotion献身；B.division分开；C.potential潜能；D.priority优先事项。根据后文“those in the most serious and immediate danger指优先考虑处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人，应用give the top priority too17应选Do18A. atmosphereB. baconC. curiosityD. permission答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：警察命令他未经允许不得离开这座城市。A. at
29、mosphere气氛；B.bacon熏肉；C. curiosity好奇心；D. permission许可。由The police ordered him可知，此处应该是“未经允许不得离开这座城 市，permission符合句意。应选D项。5 He cant be a doctor, for the of blood always makes him feel sick.A. sightB. lookC. viewD. form答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不可能是医生，因为看到血总是让他感到恶心。A.sight看见；B.look眼神，样 子；C.view看法；D.form形式。根据m
30、akes him feel sick.”可知，看到血总是让他感到恶心。应选A项。6、To the great of the citizens, no one else was infected with the coronavirus except the 136 confirmed cases.A. relaxationB. disappointmentC. reliefD. surprise答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：令市民大为宽慰的是，除了 136例确诊病例外，没有其他人感染了冠状病毒。A. relaxation 放松；B. disappointment 失望；C. relie
31、f 解脱、宽慰；D. surprise 惊讶。结合“no one else was infected with the coronavirus”可知，知晓无其他人感染冠状病毒，市民肯定大感宽慰。应选C项。7、 There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some and then let me know.A. thoughtB. strengthsC. protectionD. authority答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在没有必要告诉我你的答案。考虑一下，然后告诉我。A,thought思考；Bo strengths
32、力量；C.protection 保护；D.authority 权威。根据There is no need to tell me your answer now”可知， 现在没有必要告诉我你的答案。考虑一下，然后告诉我。应选A项。8、Professor Wang offered two graduate courses last.A. flashB. teenagerC. semesterD. focus答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：王教授上学期开了两门研究生课程。A. flash闪现；B.teenager青少年；C.semester 学期；D. focus 焦点。由上文“Profess
33、or Wang offered two graduate courses last可知，王教授是在上学 期开了两门研究生课程，应选C。9、The athletes are anxiously waiting for the final of the game, because it is essential for them to go intothe next round.A. outcomeB. outlineC. comebackD. cooperation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：运发动们正在焦急地等待着比赛的最终结果，因为这是进入下一轮所必需的。A.outcome结果；B
34、. outline概述；C eback重返；D.cooperation合作。根据句意本句指比赛结果。应选A。10 Toms parents behavior, as well as their words a key effect on him during the past twenty years.A. haveB. have hadC. has hadD. has答案：c解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的20年里，汤姆父母的行为和话语都对他有关键的影响。根据时间 状语during the past twenty years”可知，句子谓语用现在完成时。当as well as”并
35、列主语时，谓语动词遵循就 远原那么，即和behavior保持一致，所以要用第三人称单数形式。应选C。311、 Weve had a few, but were still good friends.A. disagreeB. disagreesC. disagreementD. disagreements答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：我们有过一些分歧，但我们仍然是好朋友。分析句子可知，设空处单词在句中作宾语，应 用名词，disagree意为不同意，动词词性,故A和B排除，disagreement意为分歧，为可数名词,句中 “a few意为“一些，几个，后接可数名词复数形式，故空格处应用disa
36、greement的复数形式disagreements。 应选D项。12 - What impressed you most during your stay in Britain?-I had the of meeting the Queen when she visited our school.A. treatyB. privilegeC. inspirationD. exploration答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一你在英国逗留期间印象最深的是什么？一一女王访问我们学校时，我有幸见到 了她。A.treaty 条约；B. privilege 特权，荣幸;C. inspirat
37、ion 灵感;D. exploration 探测。have the privilege of doing sth 很荣幸做某事是固定短语。应选B项。13、 The lockdown hobbled Indias economy and its GDP recorded the sharpest in its history.A. motionB. dissatisfactionC. conservationD. contraction答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：封锁令印度经济陷入困境，其GDP出现了历史上最严重的收缩。Amotion运动；dissatisfaction 不满；C. c
38、onservation 保护；D. contraction 收缩。 根据 The lockdown hobbled Indias economy 及常识可知，封锁使经济陷入困境，从而造成了 GDP的收缩(contraction)。应选D项。14、In our mind, Professor Wang is a learned and kind man, so we showed our for him.4A. attentions. respectC. struggleD. request答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们心目中，王教授是一个博学的，和蔼的人，因此，我们对他很尊敬。A
39、.attention 注意；B. respect 尊敬；C. struggle 斗争；D.request 请求。根据Professor Wang is a learned and kind man 可知，在我们心目中，王教授是一个博学的，和蔼的人，因此，我们对他很尊敬。show our respect for（向某人表敬意）可知，选B。15、 That flood has been several times to prove that its important to take preventive.A. referred to, actionsB. referred, measureC.
40、referred, actionD. referred to, measures答案：D解析：考查动词短语和名词词义辨析。句意：人们屡次提到那次洪水，以证明采取预防措施是很重要的。第一空表 示“提到，提及应用短语refer to；结合上文“its important to take preventive指采取预防措施，应用takemeasures,也可以说成 take actiono 应选 Do16、 Because of the tight and heavy workload of Grade 12, many students have to make use of their lunc
41、hbreak to finish homework.A. scheduleB. pressureC. performanceD. impression答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于 12年级的时间紧课业重，很多学生不得不利用午休时间完成作业。A.schedule时间表;B.pressure压力；C.performance表现；D.impression印象。由语意可知,很多学生不得不 利用午休时间完成作业，说明他们的时间安排紧张。应选A项。17、 Norris twice knocked down his in the early rounds of the fight.5A. op
42、ponents. asteroidC. nephewD. triathlete答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:诺里斯在比赛的前几轮中两次击倒了对手。A. opponent对手;B. asteroid海星;C. nephew侄子；D.triathlete三项全能运发动。根据语境，诺里斯两次击倒的应该是自己的对手，opponent表 示对手符合语意。应选A项。18、The winner will receive of books.A. a ten pound worthB. ten pound worthyC. ten pounds worthD. ten pounds worthy答案：c
43、解析：考查名词所有格。句意：获胜者将得到价值10英镑的书籍。worth价值，为名词，通常worth后面跟着of, 而且句子里一般含有具体金钱数额。ten pounds,后接名词，而worthy是形容词，应选C。19、 The selection process in the job market is based on standard tests of and experience.A. conceptB. crewC. competenceD. cruelty答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：就业市场上的选择过程是基于标准能力测试和经验。A. concept概念，定义；B.crew全体
44、船员,全体机组人员；C. competence能力；D. cruelty残忍，残酷。根据语意以及下文“experience 可知，就业市场的选择标准是依据求职人的能力和经验。应选C项。20 As a soldier, he showed selfless to duty.A. devotionB. conservationC. assumptionD. comparison答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:作为一名士兵，他表现出了对职责的无私奉献。A.devotion贡献；B.conservation 保存，保持;C.assumption假定;D parison比拟。根据selfless和
45、to duty可知，此处是指对职责的无私奉 献。应选A。21、The university will reach its of 5,000 students next September.A. accountB. benefitC. targetD. process答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这所大学明年9月将到达招收5000名学生的目标。A. account账户；B.benefit利 益；C. target目标；D.process过程。由“reach”和5,000 students next September”可知，句子表示“这所大学明 年9月将到达招收5000名学生的目标，因此
46、空格处是目标，是target,应选C。22、 The gained from this experience has invested my life with new meaning.A. departures. insightC. proofD. setting答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：从这次经历中获得的领悟在我的生命中赋予了新的意义。A. departure离开；B. insight领悟；C. proof证据；D. setting环境；背景。根据new meaning可知,insight领悟符合句意。应选B。23 We made him our monitor.划I线成分是A
47、.宾语B.定语C.状语D.宾补答案：D解析：考查句子成分。句意：我们选他当班长。句子中，动词made为谓语，him为宾语，our monitor意为我们的 班长，对宾语作补充说明，为宾语补足语。应选D。24、 The sunrise is a beautiful in the morning.A. traditionB. gravityC. sceneD. dessert答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:早晨的日出是一幅美丽的景色。A. tradition传统；B. gravity重力；C.scene景色；D. dessert甜点。根据The sunrise可知，日出是一幅美丽的景色。应选C。25、 Despite years of from publishers, she persevered in her attempt to establish herself as a writer.A. enduranceB. rejectionC. blessingD. companionship答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管多年来遭到出版商的拒绝，她仍坚持要成为一名作家。A. endurance耐力，持 久力；B. rejection拒绝，抛