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1、Module 6语法学案-动词不定式(2)一语法梳理。在上一个模块，我们学习了动词不定式作宾语的功能，那么，动词不定式的语法功能还有哪些呢?我们以课本上的句子为例来看一下：1.because people closer to them. .因为它(卧龙大熊猫自然保护区)允许人们更近距离地接触它们(大熊猫)。2.The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) the panda its symbol.世界自然基金会选择了大熊猫作为其标志。3.the WWF is working hard them all. 世界自然基金会正在努力挽救所有的动物。观查以上句子，我们可以发
2、现动词不定式的另外两种语法功能:一种是在“动词+宾语+动词不定式”的结构中充当宾语的 ，另一种是在句中表示行为动作的 ，作目的状语。1.动词不定式作宾语补足语在以上3个例句中，句子 的不定式都作宾语补足语，是对宾语的补充说明。例如句子1中people作allow的 ,to get closer to them作宾语people的 。宾语people与宾补构成 关系，people get closer to them，这种关系是其他句型所没有的。可用于“动词+宾语+动词不定式”这一结构的动词有很多，例如：允许某人做某事： 选择某人做某事： 想要某人做某事： 告诉某人做某事： 请求某人做某事： 邀
3、请某人做某事： 帮助某人做某事： 鼓励某人做某事： 需要注意的是:1)以上动词后接不定式作宾语补足语时，若要表达否定的意思，要在 前加 ，构成 的形式。例如:Mr Han told us make too much noise. 韩先生告诉我们不要弄出太大声音。 Jackie told me touch anything! 杰基告诉我不要碰任何东西!2) 有些动词后接不定式作宾语补足语时，要将to省略，常见的这类动词有（初中阶段常见不是全部）:四看： 三让： 两听： 一感觉： 半帮助： 例如:Ill have Tony you around the school.我会让托尼带你参观校园。His
4、 words made everyone .他的话让大家哄堂大笑。但是本模块的课文中出现了这样一句话:Many wild animals dont have a safe place to live.这里的不定式是作 （宾语/宾补/状语/定语）。注意:动词help后面可以跟不带to的不定式，也可以跟带to的不定式。2.动词不定式作目的状语如果表示“ ”，可以用动词不定式表示目的，上面的例句3中，to save them all就是目的状语。在此情况下，不定式既可放在 ，也可放在 。例如:Dylan trained hard improve his basketball skills.迪伦刻苦训
5、练以提高自己的篮球技能。 也可以说: improve his basketball skills, Dylan trained hard.当然，根据表达的需要，动词不定式还可以作原因状语和结果状语等。Im excited to see pandas.（原因状语/结果状语）Jack hurried to school,only to find nobody there.（原因状语/结果状语）2 完成句子1.because people closer to them. .因为它(卧龙大熊猫自然保护区)允许人们更近距离地接触它们(大熊猫)。2. Its sad pandas and other an
6、imals 想起大熊猫和其他濒危动物 来，真让人伤心。3. .because villages and farms are growing bigger and are taking away their land and forest.因为村庄和农场越来越大，侵占了它们的土地和森林。4. protect pandas in the wild, the government is setting up nature parks.为了保护野生大熊猫，政府正在建立自然公园5. The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) wants to protect all ani
7、mals. And it the panda its symbol.世界自然基金会(WWF)想要保护所有的动物。它选择了大熊猫作为其标志。3 语法训练。1Jack _ to help at the underground station on Saturdays.Cool! Lets join him next Saturday.AoffersBrefusesCforgetsDremembers2Do you like reading newspapers?Yes, it always _ the newest news for me.AgivesBprovidesCoffersDshows3
8、Did you get to Tianjin Zoo in time yesterday, Susan?Yes. A kind man _ to help me find it.AofferedBwantedCplannedDneeded4The girls decided _ when the accident happened.Ato take him to hospitalBto take to the hospitalChim to take to hospitalDhim take the hospital5My mother often tells my little brothe
9、r _ in the street.AplayBdont playCto playDnot to play6I saw some children _ in the garden when I looked out of the window.AplayBto playCplayingDplayed7They hope _ the Palace Museum next week.Ame to visitBvisitingCthemselves to visitDto visit8My father offered _ us to the West Lake.AtakeBto takeCtaki
10、ngDtook9We dont have enough paper_Ato writeBwriteCto write onDwriting10Tony offered to teach me _ the piano.Oh, its kind of him.AplayBto playCplayingDto playing11Teachers often tell us _ in the river after school.Adont swimBnot swimCto not swimDnot to swim12After long years of war, many people in Sy
11、ria are homeless. I think it important a peaceful world.AbuildBnot buildCto buildDnot to build13The policeman warned the man _ after drinking.Anot to driveBto driveCdriving14Sue practices_the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances.AplayBplayedCto playDplaying15Mr. Zhou is good at cooking
12、 and he has decided_his own restaurant.AopenBopenedCto openDopening16Our parents wont allow us _ in the river alone.AswimBto swimCswimmingDswam17I felt tired, so I stopped _ and _a rest.Aworking, havingBworking, to haveCto work, to haveDto work, having18You need to take notes at the meeting, so make
13、 sure a pen and some paper with you.AbringBbringingCto bringDbrought19Nick used to forget _ my book, so I dont want to lend it to him any more.AreturnsBto returnCreturningDreturned20Grandpa is already 85 years old.Yeah. We are supposed _ him well.Ato look afterBlooking afterCto looking afterDlook af
14、ter21We are all excited _ the good news.Alisten toBhearCto listen toDto hear22I have mentioned it to her, but she refused _.AlistenBlisteningClistenedDto listen23Lily is going to _ another womens volleyball team.AgetBmakeCmakesDgets24Hes going to learn _ this year.Aplay soccerBto play the footballCp
15、laying guitarDto swim25I want _ the blue T-shirt.AgetBgetsCto getDgetting26Tom, please dont forget _ your schoolbag when you go to school.Thank you, Mom. I wont.AtakeBtakesCtakingDto take27To answer correctly is more important than _Aa quick finishBto finish quicklyCfinishing quicklyDyou finish quic
16、kly28Heseemed_thesecret.AthatheknowsBthatheknewCtoknowDknowing29Miss Li works too long every day.I think so. She _ a good rest.Aneeds haveBneed to haveCneeds to haveDneeds having30Remember _ late for the class.OK, I will.Anot beingBnot to beCbeingDto be31He used _ in a town, so he _ everything in th
17、e new town very soon.Ato live, got used toBlive, used toCto living, got used toDto live, used to32The doctors are trying _ a new kind of medicine to cure（治愈）the patient.AusesBto useCuseDused33Why dont you buy it?The car is so expensive that I cant afford _ it.Ato buyBbuyCbuyingDbuys34When you finish
18、 _ the book, please remember _ it to the library on time.Areading; returningBreading; to returnCto read; returningDto read; to return35We need fruit and vegetables _ our bodies _.Amake; healthBmake; healthyCto make; healthyDto make; health36I failed _ the last English exam because I was careless.Apa
19、ssBto passCfinishDto finish37My favorite singer Liu Huan is coming to our city. Im so excited and cant wait_ him.Afor seeBseeingCto seeDfor seeing38Hearing the doorbell, she stopped _ the door at once.Ato openBopeningCopenDopens39Mr. Wang agreed _ without thinking. How kind he was!Ato helpBhelpChelp
20、ingDhelps40Their parents dont allow them _ in the river because its dangerous.AswimBto swimCswimmingDswam41Its raining now. Dont _ close the window.AforgetBrememberCforget toDremember to42He is busy _ at school, but he never forgets _ his mom a phone call every day.Aworking; givingBwork; giveCworkin
21、g; to giveDwork; to give43I have two rooms _, but I cant decide _.Ato live; to choose which oneBlived; choose which oneCto live in; which one to chooseDlive; which one44Im sorry I _ my homework at home.Dont forget _ it to school tomorrow.Aforgot; to takeBleft, to bringCforgot; to bringDleft; to take
22、45Dont forget _ the window when you leave. You forgot _ it yesterday.Sorry, I wont.Ato close; to closeBclosing; to closeCto close; closingDclosing; closed46Please tell the students_ quiet in class.AkeepBkeepingCto keepDkept47What are you going to do this Sunday?I plan _ in the park with my family.At
23、o campBcampingCcampDcamped48Smoking is bad for your health.Youre right. I decided _ it up.Ato giveBgivingCgiveDwith giving49If you promise _ hard to your parents, you must keep your promise. Show them your resolution.AworkingBto workCwork50Its already 1 AM. Why do you stay up again?I plan _ the socc
24、er game. Its the final.A to watchBwatchingCWatch四基础巩固51Do you want _ a postcard?Yes, I do.AbuyingBto buyCbuy52Please remember _ your English book with you tomorrow, I want to borrow it. OK, no problem.AbringBbringsCto bring53It was raining. My father asked me a raincoat.AtakeBtakesCtookDto take54Som
25、e people enjoy _ out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea.Ato sendBsendCsendingDsent55Tom doesnt wait _ anybody and cant wait _ home.A/ ; goB/; to goCfor; to goDfor; go56Leonardo Dicaprio, a famous American actor, was always expecting _ an Oscar and finally he made it.Ato winBwinnin
26、gCnot to winDnot winning57Did you finish your homework?No, I didnt. But the teacher said we didnt need _.Ato hand it inBhand them inCto hand them inDhand it in58Whats the matter with Tom? He seems _ sad. His pet dog died.AfeelBfeelsCto feelDfeeling59At times, parents find it difficult _ with their t
27、eenage children.AtalkBtalkedCtalkingDto talk60Remember _ to my daughters dance show next Friday.Of course I will. Ill never forgot _ her dance for the first time last year.Ato come; to seeBcoming; to seeCto come; seeingDcoming; seeing61You will be _ in your studies if you keep working hard.Asuccessf
28、ulBcommonCunlucky62The computer is cheap but it works well. Yes, thats the _ why I bought it.AreasonBmindCend63My best friend asked me to _ something about my favorite subject.AtellBsayCspeakDtalk64Where did you go on holiday this summer? England?You are _. We went on a 10-day trip to Paris.AfunnyBr
29、ightCcoolDclose65Mr. Wang, I have trouble _ the text. Could you help me?Certainly. First, remember _ it three times at least. Then, I will tell you more.Ato understand; readingBunderstanding; readingCunderstanding; to readDto understand; to read66Lao She is most famous _his play _a writer.Afor；asBas
30、；forCfor；is67Can you _the whole thing to the police?AgiveBdescribeCtake68I think its difficult for him_English well.AstudiesBstudyingCto study69Our world changed a lot in _century.Athe twentiethBtwentiethCthe twenty70I often help him_the classroom.AcleaningBcleanCto cleaning71Every day Mrs Brown sta
31、ys in the club and teaches her students _ playing chess.ApracticedBpractiseCpracticingDto practise72Would you like me_ with you?AgoBto goCgoingDwent73My grandma often_ me stories when I was a boy.AtellsBspokeCtoldDsaid74I will take my parents to the museum _ it doesnt rain this afternoon.AorBifCsoDa
32、nd75China is famous _ the Great Wall.AofBinConDfor76_ did you stay there？For three days.AHow manyBHow longCHow oftenDHow soon77How was your trip？_.AIts greatBIt was niceCIt is awfulDOf course78Is there _ today？Aspecial somethingBspecial anythingCanything specialDsomething special79Lao She is famous_
33、 his plays and he is famous_ a writer.Afor；asBas；asCas；forDfor；for80Mr. Smith is very funny. He often makes us _.Ato laughBlaughingClaughedDlaugh81Dont make the children _ so much homework every day. It makes them _.Ado; sadlyBdid; happyCto do; sadDdo; tired82How old is your _ sister?She is 17 years
34、 old. She is three years _ than me.Aelder; olderBold; olderColder; elderDelder; elder83Lily is _ beautiful than Mary.Aa lot manyBa lot muchCa lot moreDa lot of more84This is my _day to be here.Aa secondBthe secondCsecond85Would you like to join us in the card games?_, for I have something important
35、to do.AI willBId love toCIm afraid notDIm not sure86Betty, do you know if Tony _ the photo competition?He will, if he _ his project on Australia.Aenters; finishesBenters; will finishCwill enter; finishesDwill enter; will finish87Did you get the present? No, I got there_ but there werent_.Aenough ear
36、ly; enough presentsBearly enough; enough presentsCearly enough; presents enoughDenough early; presents enough88China has _ great progress in the fight against poverty(贫困) in the past five years.Thats true. The government has helped more than 68 million people get out of poverty.AdoneBmadeCofferedDca
37、ught89 Were you late for school this morning, Lisa? No. On the way, Toms father _ to take me to school.AofferedBplannedCneededDremembered90Thank you for _ a cup of water _ meAproviding；withBoffering；forCbringing；withDproviding；for91The little girl _ her seat to an old man on the bus.What a kind girl
38、!AbroughtBofferedCtookDlent92Are you going out with Daniel tonight? Thats my _. Mind your own!AofferBbusinessCquestionDchance93Did you get to the museum in time yesterday, Lily?Yes. A kind man _ to help me find it.AneededBofferedCwantedDplanned94If I have much money I want to _ a big house _ my pare
39、nts.Aprovide, forBprovide, withCoffer, forDoffer, with95He wants to be a person in a film. His dream is to be an _.AactorBactressCcharacterDaction96This shirt _ your trousers well. Their colours really go together.AoffersBexpressesCmatchesDfaces97You will find the post office _the roadAin the end of
40、Bin the endCat the end ofDat the end98Parents play an important _ in childrens education.They are childrens first teachers.AactBfilmCgradeDrole99It _ the changes in Chinese society.AsendsBtrainsCdescribesDimproves100Jenny will be _. Shes going to have a party for her _ birthday.Atwenty; twentyBtwenty; twentiethCtwentieth