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1、第二册Unit 7 Living with diseaseI单元知识点全览 工欲善其事 必先利其器高考须掌握的词汇：1prevent 2treat 3properly 4cheerful 5meaning 6fiercely 7strange 8radiate 9recovery高考须掌握的短语：1with 2of 3from 4up 5on 6for 7from考点过关 过关斩将 一马平川考点详解 精剖细解 入巿三分一、重点词汇 1persuade vt使某人相信；说服；劝服eg： She finaily persuaded her son to go to coIlege 她终于说服她儿子
2、去上大学。 I t ried to persuade him to change his mind我试图劝他改变主意。 How can I persuade you of my Innocence?我如何能够使你相信我是无辜的呢?相关链接：persuasion n说服劝服用法拓展：persuade sbto do sth一persuade sbItlto doing sth说服某人干某事 persuade sbnot to do sth一persuade sbOUt of doing sth说服某人不要干某事persuade sbof sth使某人相信某事特别提醒：persuade s1)to
3、 do sth此句型使用时必须将某人说服了；假设没被说服成功,那么用try to persuade sbto do sth或者advise sbto do sth。案例剖析 旁征博引 举一反三考题1-1 ( 典型例题 分 ) Mr Green has never smoked any more since his wife him to give it up. A. wanted B. persuaded C. advised D. suggested考题1-2(典型例题 分 ) l him but he refused. A. persuaded; to go home B. persuad
4、ed; from going home C. prevented ; from going home D. tried to persuade; to go home考题11点拨：答案为B。根据Mr Green has never smoked any more得知，“说服某人成功故用persuade sbto do sth“说服某人干某事。句意为：“自从格林先生的妻子说服他戒烟后，他再也没抽过烟。考题12点拨：答案为D。从but he refused得知，此事没有成功，故用：try to persuade sbto do sth或advise sbt。do sth。句意为：“我试图说服他回家
5、，但他拒绝了。 2discourage vt 使泄气使失去信心eg： The failure discouraged him这次失败使他气馁了。 They got discouraged and decided to give up他们都泄气了，决定放弃。 His mother wanted to dincourage him ftom marrying his cousin他母亲想阻止他娶他表妹.相关链接：courage n勇气encourage吨鼓励使有勇气encouraging adj令人鼓舞的 encouraged adj受到鼓舞的 discouraging adj令人泄气的disco
6、uraged adj(感到)沮丧的用法拓展be/get discouraged沮丧的，泄气的 discourage sbftom domg sth阻止某人做某事劝某人消除做某事的念头encourage sbto do sth鼓励某人干某事特别提醒：discouraging强调“令人泄气的，令人沮丧的；discouraged强调“泄气的。气馁的，一般用来修饰人，有时也用来修饰lookexpression等词。考题2 (典型例题分)At the exam results, his mother got with him. A. discouraging; discouraging B. disco
7、uraging; discouraged C. discouraged; discouraging D. discouraged; discouraged考题2点拨：答案为B。令人沮丧的考试结果应用discouraging，get discouraged感到沮丧。句意为：“面对令人沮丧的考试结果，他母亲对他很失望。31ack n缺乏；没有 vtvi缺乏，缺少，没有eg： we lack food and cIothing我们缺衣少食。 The plants died for lack of water植物死于缺水。 He seemed to be lacking in courage他似乎缺乏
8、勇气。相关链接：lacking adj欠缺的，不够的 用法拓展：lack money/courage/ability/experience缺钱(勇气、能力、经验) be lacking in缺乏 because of/for(a)lack of因缺乏 have no lack of不缺少特别提醒：be lacking in短语中lacking为形容词；lack一词无被动形式。考题3 (典型例题分) -How did you find the film yesterday evening? -Just so so. It pace. A. lacked in B. was lacking in
9、C. for lack of D. lack考题3点拨：答案为B。be lacking in“缺乏固定搭配。for lack of用来作状语D项lack时态不对。句意为：“你觉得昨晚电影怎么样?就那样。它缺乏节奏。 4infect vt 传染。感染 eg：His spirit infected us他的精神感染了我们。 The boy was infected with a bad cold这个男孩被传染上了重感冒。相关链接：infection玑传染感染用法拓展：infect sb with sth传染某人 become/be/get infected with被传染 infect shwit
10、h a theory用理论影响 an infected area感染区特别提醒：infect当“传染，感染讲时常与with连用并且通常用被动形式be/getinfected with。 考题4(典型例题Could people become infected HlV by swimming in a pool or sitting in a bath? A. with B. of C. into D. to考题4点拨：答案为A。become infected with“被感染上，固定搭配。句意为：“在同一个游泳池游泳或用同一个浴缸洗澡会感染上艾滋病吗?二、重点短语 5be free from不
11、受的影响，没有eg： The old lady is never free ftom pain那老太太一直没摆脱痛苦。 He wished to live a Iife ehtirely free from troubles 他希望过完全没有烦恼的生活。用法拓展：a day free from wind无风的日子ftee ftom csre无忧无虑 setftee释放，使自由for flee免费free of charge免费特掰提露：free from中free可用作形容j亏也可用作动词：ftee sb from考题5 ( 典型例题 分 ) He had to take the medici
12、ne three times a day, so as to be pain in the leg. A. far from B. away from C. apart from D. free from考题5点拨：答案为D。be free from“免除摆脱，far from“远离，be away from。离开，apart from“除了。句意为：“他不得不每天吃三次药，为的是摆脱腿部的疼痛。 6sufferfrom遭受(痛苦、疾病、损失等)eg： He often suffers ftom headaches他常头痛。相关链接：suffering，n苦难，痛苦(不可数) sufferin
13、gs n种种痛苦，苦难的经历(可数)特别提题：suffer与suffer ftom的区别： suffer和suffer from后都可接名词，表示遭受这个名词所带来的痛苦，但二者并不完全相同。 suffer from之后的名词多表示非常具体的一种不幸或痛苦， eg：overwork(劳累过度)。floods(水灾)；droughts(旱灾)，headaches(头痛)等疾病； suffer之后的名词那么相对抽象笼统，eg：hardship(痛苦)，injustice(不公正)punishment(惩罚)，discouragement(失望)，lOSS(损 失)等。考题6-1 (典型例题)As
14、a result of the heavy rain, the whole city great losses. A. has suffered from B. suffered C. would suffer D. suffered from考题6-2(典型例题)-Why didnt you come yesterday? -I was a very bad cold. A. suffering from B. having C. catching D. suffered考题6-1点拨：答案为B。suffer后跟抽象名词。suffer loss(es)遭受损失。句意为；“由于暴雨，整个城市遭
15、受了重大损失。考题6-2点拨；答案为A。suffer from后接具体的不幸或痛苦。句意为：“你昨天为何不皋?我正患重感冒。三、重点交际用语7What if倘假设将会怎样eg： what if he comes back?他要是回来怎么办? what if the rumour is true?万一谣传是真的呢?用法拓展：what though尽管有什么关系eg： what though its raining?下雨又有什么关系呢? what for为何目的，为什么whats more而且，并且特别提醒：what if后从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。 eg： what if you sho
16、uld faIl ilI?假使你生病怎么办?考题7 (典型例题分)-Mum, ld like to go to the South to seek my fortune on my own. - you are ill or have any other trouble? A. When B. Whenever C. What if D. But how考题7点拨:答案为C。由答语句束的同号知，这是一个疑问句，应选C。句意为：“妈妈我要单独到南方去闯一闯。要是你痛了或遇到了任何麻烦怎么办?四、重点句型8I wish一我希望eg：I wish l were young again真希望我再年轻一
17、次。 I wish I had listened to your advice我要是听了你的劝告就好了。 I wish he wouldnt be so noisy他以后别这么吵就好了。相关链接：(1)wish后面的宾语从句,表达的是一种愿望，谓语动词须用虚拟语气。 (2)wish后的宾语从句的谓语动词形式如下特别提醒：1 wish后的从句谓语动词是be动词时，从句动作与wish同时发生be用were形式。而不用was。考题8-1 (典型例题 分)-He is a brave man. Yes, I wish I his courage. A. have B. had C. will have
18、 D. would have考题8-2 (典型例题)-I missed the lecture last night. -Oh, what a pity. I wish A. you heard it B. you had heard it C. you never heard it D. you hadnt heard it考题8-1点拨:答案为B此题考查wish后接宾语从句虚拟语气用法。根据题意表达的是和wish同时发生的愿望。句意为：。但愿我有他的勇气。考题82点拨，答案为B。根据答语“真可惜，要是你听到那个演讲多好!是与过去的真实情况相反的一种愿望。故从句用had+过去分词。句意为:昨
19、天晚上我错过了那场演讲。“真可惜要是你听到那个演讲多好! 9as if/as though好似，仿佛eg：Lookat the dark cIouds!It seems as if it isgoing to rain看那乌云!看上去要下雨了。 He talked about the accident as if he had seen it with hisown eyes他讲述那场车祸就像是他亲眼目睹似的。用法拓展：(1)as if/as though的含义是“好似。仿佛，引导状语从句或表语从句。假设从句中所指内容确有可能从句使用陈述语气；假设从句中所指内容属于一种主观想像或扩大。从句宜用
20、虚拟语气。 eg： The boy waIks in a strange way as if he were drunk这孩子走起路来怪怪的。就像是喝醉了酒。(be动词的were形式也是虚拟语气的需要，表示孩子此时并没有醉，只是有喝醉酒的特征而已) (2)as if/as though除了引导从句外，还可以直接引导短语，省略从句的主语和be动词。 eg： He opened his Iips as if to speak他张了张嘴，好似要说话。The boy Iooked here and there as iflooking for something这男孩东张西望，好似在找什么特别提醒：(
21、1)as if/as thourh后的从句的虚拟语气有两种形式：假设从句用一般过去时态，表示与现在相反的情况；假设从句用过去完成时态，表示与过去相反的情况。 (2)look/seem asf后的表语从句可以用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。考题9-1 ( 典型例题 分 ) He takes good care of the boy he were his own son. A. as B. because C. as if D. even if考题9-2 (典型例题分)He is talking so much about America as if he there. A. had been B.
22、 has been C. was D. been考题9-1点拨：答案为c。根据he were his own Son时态与主句时态不一致，只有在虚拟语气才可以使用。故逸c。向意为；他好 好照料这个男孩就像他是自己的亲生儿子。膏119-2点拨：答案为A。此题考查as if引导的虚拟语气，且批向动作发生在主句之前。应选A句意为；“他谈美国这么多事情好似他去过那儿似曲。五、词语辨析10break downbreak up，break away，break in，break intor break offbreak out break down破坏，拆散，分解；(机器)损坏；(谈判，方案)失败，破裂
23、break away(from)脱离(政党等)；打破(陈规等)；挣脱掉 break out(火灾、战争、瘟疫)发生 break in强行闯入；打断，插嘴(不及物动词短语) break into闯入；打断(及物动词短语) break off突然中止，断绝关系 break LIp分裂，解散，结束eg： Modern music has broken away from the 1 9th century rules 现代音乐打破了十九世纪的陈规陋习。 The thief broke away from the lockup这个小偷从拘留所逃脱了。 Chemicals in our body bre
24、ak our food down into useful substances 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用物质。 The peace talks are said to have broken down据说和谈破裂了。 The police were called in to break up the crowded peopIe 警察被召来分散拥挤的人群。 The ice will break up when the spring comes春天来了，冰将融化。 Its her usual habit to break in with some ideas of her own 她常常
25、打断别人的话来发表自己的观点。 The burgIar broke in and stole my money窃贼破门而入，偷了我的钱。 They broke into the iewelry shop and Stole nearly all the valuable neeklaces 他们闯进珠宝店，盗走了几乎所有值钱的项链。 Shall we break off for a cup of coffee?我们要不要停下来喝一杯咖啡? break off relations with与断绝关系考题10 (典型例题 分) News reports say peace talks be- tw
26、een the two countries with no agreement reached. A. have broken down B. have broken out C. have broken in D. have broken up考题10点拨；答案为A。此题考查动词词组的含义及用法。break out“爆发break in。破门而入，插话；break up。解散，分裂结束，均不合题意。而break down“失败，瓦解，符合题意，应选A。句意为；。据新闻报道，逮两个国家的和平会谈失败了，双方没达成任何协议。语法归纳 精通规那么 游刃有余虚拟语气(一) 本单元的语法是虚拟语气，现
27、将其归纳如下： 虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望、假设、疑心、猜想、建议等含义虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。 eg： If I were you,I should buy it如果我是你，我就买了它。 If I had timeI Would study French如果我有时间，我会学习法语的。 If she knew English，she would not ask me for help如果她懂英语的话，她不会找我帮助的。 If you had got up earlier，you COUld have caught the train如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火
28、车的。 If it were fine tomorrow，I WOUld go shopping如果明天天气好，我就去买东西。 虚拟语气用在状语从句中：虚拟语气最多地用在表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的主句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时，动词有三种时态形式，即现在、过去和将来。条件从句的谓语动词主句的谓语动词与现在事实相反动词过去式(如果是be动词一般用were)should/Would+动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词should/Wouid+have+过去分词与将来事实相反1动词过去式2should+动词原形3were to+动词原形should/Wouid+动词原形特别提醒：(1)
29、有时if引导的状语从句可以省略if，而把从句中的动词were had或should移到主语前面。eg： Were she younger，she Would do ft如果她年轻点儿，她就会干的。 Had he known her addresshe Would have gone to visit her 如果他知道她的地址，他会去看她的。 (2)有时表示虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句都可以省略而只剩下一个主句或者一个条件从句。 eg： I could help you我本来可以帮助你。 If only l had time我要有时间该多好啊。 Shc should have come to t
30、he party她应该来参加聚会。 (3)虚拟语气中条件从句的动词动作可以和主句的动词动作时态不一致。 (即：混合时间虚拟语气)eg： If they had StUdied hard，they_could do it easlly now 如果他们以前努力学习的话现在于的就会容易些。 If he had not taken my advice，he wouldnt do it much better Iike this如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。(4)含蓄虚拟条件句：含蓄条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利 用其他手段来暗示存在的虚拟条件，如but for，without
31、。 eg： But for his help，we would not have sutteeded =If it had not been for his heID，we would not have succeeded 要不是他帮助我们不会成功的。 Without the teachers help，1 wouldnt have passed the exam考题1 (2oo5,名校试卷,l 分)-Did you go with them? -No, 1 was very busy, but I would have gone if I A. had been B. hadnt C. wa
32、snt D. was考题2 (典型例题) to-day, he would get there by Friday. A. Were he to leave B. If he had left C. Did he to leave D. Had he left考题3( 典型例题 分 ) But for Mei Dong, we such a happy life now. A. wouldnt be .living B. wont be living C. couldnt live D. are not able to live考题1点拨：答案为B。根据Did you go with them
33、?说明事情已过去。暗示的事情发生时间是过去，所以If条件句应用过去完成时态had+过去分词；再根据语意“如果我不是很忙的话我会应选B。句意为：“如果我那时不是很忙的话，我就会踉他们一起去了。考题2点拨：答案为A。此题考查省略条件句中的If把从句中的助动词were提到句首；B、D项与today构成的条件句结构不一致。句意为：“他今天动身的话，星期五就会到达那里。 考题3点拨：答案为A。此题考查but for引起的虚拟语气，根据时间noW，选A，强调“正过着幸福的生活。句意为；“要不是梅冬的话，我们现在不会过着这么幸福的生活。 IV专题探究 由点及面 由表及里专题探究：专题详解： 主要考查的知识点
34、：语境中名词词义的区分，可数名词和不可数名词的区分，抽象名词具体化。在短文改错题中会出现名词单复数变化，单项选择题常会结合冠词、感慨句等多角度来考查。重点复习：掌握名词单复数的变化规律以及与相近语法的关系(名词单复数的使用受冠词、数词和主谓一致等语法的制约，因此复习名词单复数时，应注意分析名词前的数词、量词、冠词等修饰语的情况，还应注意主谓一致问题)。熟悉、区别可数不可数(英语中有些名词有时为可数名词，而有时又是不可数名词，其区别由各自不同的用法而定，这是名词可数性用法的难点)。如：work：工作，不可数名词；著作，作品，可数。掌握名词所有格的表示方法和名词作定语的用法，特别注意else的所有
35、格、双重所有格的用法。考题点拨：答案为B。from a distance of，从的距离。应选B。考题 The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a of 60 mi-les. A. length B. distance C. way D. spaceV考题类型一网打尽 蓦然回首 灯火阑珊回忆1 测试考点10 (典型例题o understand the gram- mar of the sentence, you must break it into parts. A. dow
36、n B. up C. off D. out1A点拨：break down毁掉、分解、分成几局部；break up 打破、打碎；break off中断、停止；break out爆发。按照句意，应是把句子分解成几局部。 回忆2 测试语法 ( 典型例题 ) If I _ _ plan to d.o any thing I wanted to, ld like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to2B点拨could表示“能够，句意为；如果我能
37、够方案我想做的事情，我想去作尽可能深入的旅行。用于虚拟句。回忆3 测试语法 (典型例题) Mr white at 8:30 for the meeting, but be didnt show up. A. should have arrived B. should arrive C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving3A点拨此题考查虚拟语气。should have done表原本该做某事而未做。高考题预测 高瞻远瞩 占尽先机一、考情预测 年考情预测预测1：discouraging与discouraged的区别 预测根据：discour
38、aging与discouraged皆可用作形容词，常作表语或定语。discouraging表示“使人灰心的；令人沮丧的，dis couraged表示“灰心的；沮丧的，二者使用的语言环境不同。eg：The news was discouraging and we felt discouraged(这消息令人沮丧，我们感到沮丧)预测2：辨析：与break有关的动词词组考情预测 年高考中出现的几率很大。破裂，失败等)；break up(分解；解散；结束等)；break out(战争、火灾、瘟疫等发生)；break into(闯入；打断)；break off(突然中止；断绝关系)。考生应根据题目提供的
39、语境，在熟知这些词组的根底上，作出正确的选择。预测3：错综虚拟句 预测根据：虚拟语气是高考大纲不严格要求的一局部语法，但在英语这种语言的实际运用中，虚拟语气是不可缺少的，且在考题中不可防止地要涉及这种语法现象。在虚拟语气中，错综虚拟句(即条件句与主句所表达的时间出现错综现象)是考生最难驾驭的一局部内容而考查时却容易利用到此句式需要引起考生注意。 that time，1 wouldnt be in trouble now(如果当时你肯帮我一下，我现在就不会有麻烦了。)在阅读理解中出现的几率较大。考生必须清楚：错综虚拟句表示主句与从句出现时间上的不一致，皆表示与事实相反。预测4：虚拟语气的条件句中
40、省掉if现象 预测根据：虚拟语气的条件句中如果省略if，那么须把条件句中的were/had/should移到主语前，构成局部倒装句。这是一个重要句式，也是高考的考查重点之一。/should/had时，不可省掉if。预测5：话题预测。 本单元的中心话题是“疾病内容涉及艾滋病的常识。艾滋病患者小华的故事、癌症患者的故事等语言知识和语言技能的设计都围绕中心话题设计。高考与之有关的话题可能在阅读局部出现，因为艾滋病是一个敏感的话题，文章可能会以说明文的形式向我们介绍艾滋病的一些常识；也可能以记叙的形式讲一个与之有关的故事，以警示读者。处理此类文章时要读懂作者的意图，切忌用个人的观点代替作者的观点。二考
41、题预测备考1测试考点 1 Does he smoke now? -No. i him to give up smoking. A. tried to B. persuaded C. advised D. asked1B点拨根据答语No，得知“他不再吸烟了，所以。我劝说成功，应选B。备考- , we would have picked you up.A. Had we known it B. We had known it C. If we were known D. We have known it2A点拨：根据题意表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，答语中，省略if。应选A。备考3测试语法 He
42、is talking so much about the accident as if he it. A. witnesses B. witnessed C, had witnessed D. should witness3c点拨：考查as if从句用虚拟语气。从语意中可得知这是一个假设，表示与过去事实相反。备考4测试考点 8 I wish my brother the entrance examination last summer.A. passed B. would pass C. had passed D. will pass4，C点拨：考查wish的从句用虚拟语气。根据时间last
43、summef，表示与过去事实相反。备考5测试考点 3 -You failed the game yesterday. -Yes, our defeat was due to a lack experience. A. in B. for C. of D. to5C点拨：考查a lack of“缺乏-。固定搭配。 备考6测试考点 10 The crowd after the police came over. A. broke down B. broke up C. broke in D. broke out6B点拨：考查动词短语辨析。break down“破坏，拆散，损坏，破裂，break i
44、n“强行闯入，插话，break out“爆发，均不符合题意，而break up“停止，散开，瓦解，符合题意，应选B。 备考7测试考点 10 Firemen had to the door to reach the people trapped inside. A. break; down B. break; up C, break; away D. break; off7A点拨：句意为消防人员须破门而人，才能抢救困在屋里 的人。备考8测试语法 If you had taken my advice you the exam now. A. didnt fail B. hadnt failed C. wouldnt fail D. wont fail8C点拨：本句为虚拟语