《（整理版高中英语）第二册Unit13Thewaterplanet.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《（整理版高中英语）第二册Unit13Thewaterplanet.doc（11页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、第二册Unit 13 The water planetI单元知识点全览 工欲善其事 必先利其器 高考须掌握的词汇：1freeze 2purely 3cube 4absorption 5sense 6Recreational高考须掌握的短语：1ftom 2way 3take 4off 5in 6variety考点过关 过关斩将 一马平川考点详解 精剖细解 入巿三分一、重点词汇1benefit vt&vi使受益，得益n利益益处eg：The new hospital will bene fit the entire community这所新医院将使整个社区受益。 I benefited mach f
2、rom my fathers advice我从父亲的建议中获益颇多。 Moderate exercise wilI be of much benefit to you适度运动对你有很多益处。用法据展benefit sb/sth使某人(物)受益 benem from/by从中受益 be of benefit to对有益处 for the benefit of为了的利益 特别提醒:be of benefit to“对有益处，可用作表语，也可用作定语。案例剖析 旁征博引 举一反三考题1 ( 典型例题 分 ) A large sum of money has been raised for the o
3、f the poorly-educated children in the mountainous dis-tricts. A. profit B. favor C. advantage D. benefit考题1点拨:答案为D。此题考查名词的词义辨析。profit。利润，favor 恩惠，帮助，advantage?优越性，benefit“益处。好处?；for the benefit of“为了酌利益为固定搭配，其他词不与其搭配，应选D。句意为：为了有益于山区贫困儿童受教育，我们筹了一大笔钱。 2sensitive adj敏感的，灵敏的 eg：My leg is sensitive to th
4、e changes in temperature我的腿对温度的变化很敏感。 You should not be so sensitive about criticism你不应该对别人的评价那么在乎。相关链接：sense n感官，感觉sensibIe adj合理的，可感觉到的。明事理的用法拓展:be sensitive to对敏感be sensitive about/to对在意(介意)特别提醒：sensitive“敏感的，灵敏的，而sensble“合理的，可感觉到的构成短语be sensible of觉察到。考题2 (典型例题 分)The singer is always very to the
5、 reaction of the audience when she gives a performance. A. sentimental B. positive C. sensible D. sensitive考题2点拨:答案为D。根据题意“这位歌手总是很在意观众的反响。一be sensitive to 对敏感(介意)，而sentimental多愁善感的，positive。积极的，sensible“可发觉的均不符合题意。句意为；“当这位歌手上台演出时，她总是非常在意观众的反响。3Absorb vt 吸收，吸取，理解eg： Black cloth absorbs light黑色布料吸收光线。
6、 Did you absorb everything the professor said?教授说的你全部理解了吗? He was absorbed in deep thought他陷入沉思。用法拓展be absorbed in一put ones heart into(fix ofies attention on)全神贯注于 be absorbed in thoughtbe lost in thought陷入沉思特别提醒:absorb当“使全神贯注，使专心讲时，常用于被动语态。考题3(典型例题1 分) When I opened the door, I found my father sitt
7、ing in his chair,completely a magazine. A. absorbing in B. absorbed in C. absorbing to D. absorbed to考题3点拨；答案为B。此题考查be absorbed in-“佥神贯注于用作伴随状语。句意为：“当我翻开门时，我发现父亲坐在椅子上，全神贯泣地读杂志。二、重点短语4be measured jn按来测量eg： The cIoth is measured in metres布是按米来计量的。 The ship measures sixteen metres long这船有16米长。用法拓展be me
8、asured in按来测量 make sthto ones own measure按某人自己的尺寸做take measures to do采取措施干一take steps to do in a(some)measure某种程度；几分特别提醒：measure用作动词时，可以作及物动词构成短语measure sth/sb测量某人(物)；用作不及物动词表示“有之大小。考题4 (典型例题分)The town covers 1,000 square kilometres, every way round and the school in the center. A. measured B. measu
9、ring C. is measuring D. measures考题4点拨:答案为B。此题考查measure用作非谓语动词measuring作方式状语，表示“测量。c、D两项不用作非谓语动词，A 项表示“被测量，与题干不符。句意为：“这个城镇占地方圆1000平方公里，以为中心向四周量。 5range fromto从到不等，在一定范围内变化eg： The prices of the doIls range ftom$5 to$100 那些布娃娃的价格从5美元到100美元不等。 The temperature ranges from 15 to 35 degrees 温度在15度到35度之间变化。
10、 The age range is from six months to twelve years年龄范围从6个月到12岁。用法拓展：range ftomto从到变化=vary fom to the range of变动的范围 特别提醒:trange当“变化讲时，用舴不及物动词，侧重在某一范围的变化。考题5 For more than 20 years, weve been sup-porting educational programs that from kindergartens to colleges. A. spread B. move C. shift D. range考题5点拨:
11、答案为D。此题考查动词词义辨析。spread“传播。move移动，shift改变，转移range变化且rangeftomto 表示。从到“变化。应选D。句意为：。20多年来，我们一直在支持这些从幼儿因到大学的教育方案。 三、重点交际用语 6The water is being used to/for水正被用来 eg： The water is being used for irrigation这水正在被用来灌溉。 A new city is being built一座新城市正在建设中。用法拓展lis(am，are)being done正在被干特别提醒；(1)现在进行时的被动语态表示某人、某事现
12、在或现在这一阶段正在被做。 (2)此结构表示被动，又表示动作正在进行，只有合二为一才为被动式的进行时。 (3)强调动作正在进行。 (4)主语是动作的承受者。考题6 - Have you moved into the new house? Not yet. The rooms A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting考题6点拨：答案为A。此题考查被动语态。根据Not yet，表示paint这个动作还没结束，选项D are being painting为错误结构，选项B are paintin
13、g是主动不是被动语态，而选项c are painted是一般现在时的被动语态表示经常性的动作，不符合题意。应选A。 句意为：“你搬进新房子了吗?还没有，房间正在被粉刷。四、重点句型 7比拟级+than any other 比拟级形式，表达最高级含义。用法拓展：(1)比拟级+than+any other+单数名词 eg：He is taller han any other boy in his class他比他班里任何别的男孩 都高。 (2)比拟级+than+a11 the other+复数名词 eg：Shanghai is bigget than aIl the other cities in
14、 C hina比中国其他城市都大。 (3)比拟级+than+anyone else eg：He jumps higher than anyone else in his claSS他跳得比班里任何别的学生都高。 (4)never/not+a(an)十比拟级+单数名词eg：How delicious!I had never had a better mea1多香啊我从未吃过这么一顿好 吃的饭。特别提醒：在比拟级十than+any other+名词句型中，假设主语与比拟的对象在同一范围内必须加ofher或else排除掉本身；假设不 是同一范围那么不需要用other或eIse。 考题7 (典型例题)
15、How beautifully she sang! I have never heard song. A. the better B. a better C. the best D. a best考题7点拨:答案为B。比拟级与never连用表示最高级的意思。句意为:她唱得真美啊!我从来没听过比这更动听的歌。五、词语辨析8 pick out，pick up (1)pick Out挑出；识别出；弄清了解(含义)eg：I eould hardly piek him OUt ftom the crowd在人群中，我几乎认不出他。 Pick Out the one you want把你要的那个挑出来。
16、(2)pick up拣起；重新得到恢复(健康，希望)；(偶然地)买到学会；搭车；(无线电)接收eg：He picked a pen up ftom the floor 他从地上拣了一支钢笔。 She is picking up wonderfully她在迅速恢复。 I picked up some French whiIe l was away on a business trip in Paris 当我到巴黎出差时学了点法语。 We picked up radio signaIs for help from the damaged ship 我们接收到那艘发生故障的轮船发出的无线电信号。 I
17、 will pick you up at your house我开车上你家去接你。用法拓展：(1)在pickup/out(等副词)结构中假设后接人称代词作宾语须放在pick与up/out等副词之间。 (2)pick的惯例搭配pocket不与wallet搭配。考题8-1 (典型例题分)Although there were so many ears in the square. I my own at once. A. picked B. picked out C. picked up D. made out考题8-2 (典型例题)On taking off the bus, he found
18、his pocket A. stolen B. gone C. missing D. picked考题8一1点拨：答案为B。pick OUt在此句中毒示。识别出。句意为：“尽管广场上有很多车，但我还是马上认出了自己的邢辆。考题8-2点拨:答案为D。pocket与pick搭配使用，构成逻辑上的被动关系。句意为：。一下公交车，他就发现口袋被扒了。语法归纳精通规那么游刃有余在本单元的语法中情态动词已在第一册十三讲至十五讲详细讲解过。在此不再重复。另外本单元出现多处状语从句现对状语从句总结归纳如下：1时间状语从句 (1)aswhenwhile用法一览表类别 作用 例句 as as表示“当的时候时往往和
19、when/while通用但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生She came up as 1 was cooking(同时)当她出现的时候，我正在做饭。The runners started as the gun went off(几乎同时)枪一响。运发动就开始跑了。when(as or during the time that)既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可以表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生lt was raining when we arrived(指时间点)我们刚到就开始下起雨了。When we were at schoolwe wen
20、t to the lirary every day(在一段时间)在时我们每天都去图书馆。while while意思是“当的时候或“在某一段时间里。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在when表示a period of time时两者可以互换Please dont talk so loud while we are work一mg我们工作的时候请不要大声说话。He felt asleep while/when reading他看着看着就睡着了。Strike while the iron is hot(用as或when不可这里的while意思是
21、“趁)趁热打铁。 (2)引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有： tillnotuntiluntilbeforesince eg： Dont get off the bus until it has stopped公共汽车停稳后再下车。 He waited for his father until(till)it was twelve oclock 他等他父亲一直到12：OO。 It will be five years before he returns from England 还有五年他才从英国返回。 hardly/scarcelywhenno sooner thanas soon aso
22、nce表示“一就 eg： As soon as I have finished itIll give you a call我一完成就给你打 。 Once you show any fearhe will attack you一旦你表现出害怕的样子他就会袭击你。 We had hardly got/Hardly had we got into the village when it hogan lo rain我们刚到那个村子就开始下雨了。 No sooner had hc arrived/He had noooner arrived than she started complaining他一到
23、她就开始抱怨。 directlyimmediatelythe momentthe minute that一就eg： He made for the door directly he heard the knock一听到敲门声他就朝门走去。 each timeevery timeby the time eg：Each time he came to my cityhe would call on me每次他到我所在的城市他都会来拜访我。注意：表示未来情况主句用将来时从句用现在时。2让步状语从句 (1)ahhough与though可以引导让步状语从句不能与hut连用但可以与yet连用。 eg：Ah
24、hough they are poor(yet)they are warm-hearlcd：尽管他们穷但很热心。 (2)even if或even though引导让步状语从句表示“即使“纵然用来使人注意下文所强调的内容。 eg：Ill go there even if(though)I have to sell my house即使卖掉房子我也要去那儿。 (3)no matter后接上who、what、where、how等疑问句也可以在这类疑问词后面加上ever构成whoever、whatever、wherever、however等。 eg： Dont trust himno matter w
25、hat/whatever he says 无论他说什么都不要相信他。 Whoever breaks the law will be punished违法必究。 No matter how hard the work isyoud better try to do it well 不管工作有多难你最好尽力把它做好。 (4)as也可以引导让步状语从句。要用倒装。 eg：Child as(though)he ishe knows a lot 虽然他还是个孩子，但他却懂得很多。 Much as I like it，1 wont buy|t尽管我很喜欢它但是我不会买它。 Try as he would，
26、he couldnt lift the heavy box尽管尽力了但他仍然举不起这个重箱子。3原因状语从句：because，forassince，now that (1)表示不知道的原因时用because即说话人认为听话人不知道，因此because从句是全 句最重要的局部，通常它被置于主句之后。 eg：You want to know why lm leavingIm leaving because Im full 你想知道我为什么要离开，那是因为我吃饱了。 for虽然表示不知道的原因，但其语气较because要弱得多，是可说可不说的话。它只能置于主句之后，这时，for是并列连词。如果不是因
27、果关系，而是对前面主句的内容加以解释或推断时，只能用for。 eg：Its morning now，for the birds are singing现在是早上，因为鸟叫了。(很显然，鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上的原因。) (2)表示已经知道的原因时用as或since，即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉。因此它是句中不很重要的局部。since要比as正式一些，它们通常被置于主句之前，但有时却相反。 eg： Seeing all of the children already seated，he said，“Since everyone is here，lets start 看到
28、孩子们都已经坐好了，他说：“大家都来了，我们开始上课吧。 (3)以下情况下只能使用because： 在答复why的问句时；在用于强调句型时； 被not所否认时。 4地点状语从句：where，wherever eg： Make a mark wherever you have any questions在你有疑问的地方做个标记。 We will go where the Party directs us我们要跟着党走。 5目的状语从句：that，so that，in order that 注意：目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用?否那么可能是结果状语从句。不可置于句首。 6结果状语从句：th
29、at，so that，Sothat，suchthat 注意：so+形容词/副词+that从句；such+名词+that从句。 7方式状语从句：asas if(though)eg： Ill do as l am told to叫我怎么做我就怎么做。 It looks as ifit is going to rain看起来好似要下雨了。 8比拟状语从句：thanas 9条件状语从句：if。unless，so(as)long as，in case，once，as far as。on condition that 注意：if与unless的区别：不能用and连接两个unless从句，即不能用unles
30、sand unless。但fnot and-fnot却不受此限制。You wont lose your weight unless you eat less and unless you exercise more() 但可以说unless you eat less and exercise more。 10注意状语从句中从句的省略现象 (1)连接词十过去分词eg： Dont speak until spoken to不要主动跟别人说话。 Unless repairedthe washing machine is no use 如果不让人修一下洗衣机，它一点儿用处也没有. (2)连词+现在分词
31、eg： Look OUt while crossing the street过马路时要小心。 (3)连词+形容词/其他常见的有if necessary、if possible、when necessary、if any等。考题1 (典型例题) Do you think we can get there on time? -Yes. .the truck doesnt break down. A. Even if B. Unless C. Until D. So long as,考题2 (200s,苏南四巿二联.l 分) CCTV is exactly Jike a window of the
32、world you will sit by it and fix your attention on what it shows. A. if B. as C. while D. unless考题1典型例题) Dont look down upon Bob. Ho has his own advantages. Oh. yes. others are weak. he is strong. A. When B. Though C. Where D. If考题1点拨：答案为D。so long as引导条件状语从句，表示“只要。 考题2点拨：答案为A。if引导条件状语从句。句意为：“只要你愿意坐在
33、电视机旁注意中央电视台所播放的节目内容，它就像是你了解世界的一扇窗子。考题3点拨；答案为c。where引导状语从句。句意为：。别看不起鲍勃，他有他的优势。噢，你说得对。别人弱的地方他是强项。IV专题探究 由点及面 由表及里专题探究： 重点复习：一般现在时和一般过去时的区别。现在完成时和一般过去时的区别。一般过去时和过去完成时的区别。一般现在时和现在进行时以及一般过去时和过去进行时的区别。“半系动词+过去分词的用法。 eg：get paid；remain covered；look lost等形式的用法。进行时态的被动语态及主动表被动的用法。考题1 (典型例题分)-What were you up
34、 to when your parents came in? -I for a while and some reading. A. was playing; wasgoing to do B. played; did C. had played; was going to do D. had played; did考题2 (典型例题)Jane, hurry up. Im afraid you havent time to before the party. A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change考题1点拨：答
35、案为c。play动作发生在came之前，所以用过去完成时态，而do some reading的动作那么即将开始，故答案为C。考题2点拨：答案为A。此题考查“连系动词+过去分词的用法。句意为：。简，赶紧点!恐怕你在晚会之前没有时间抉衣服了。V考题类型一网打尽 蓦然回首 灯火阑珊 回忆1 测试考点 2 ( 典型例题 ) The elderly need special care in winter, as they are to the sudden changes, of weather. A. sensitive B. sensible C. flexible D. positiive 1A
36、点拨：此题考查形容词的意义辨析。sensitive“敏感的，灵敏的，常构成短语he sensitive to“对敏感，易受影响；sensible合理的，可感觉到的，明事理的，可构成短语be sensible of“发觉到；flexihle“灵活的，可通融的；positive“积极的。肯定的。根据题意“冬季老年人需要特别的照顾，因为他们对天气的突然变化很敏感。应选A。回忆2 测试考点 8 (典型例题is picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can my father.A. find out B. pick out C. look
37、out D. speak out2B点拨：此题考查动词词组辨析。在此句中pick OUt表示“识别出，相当于动词recognize。回忆3 测试语法 (典型例题分)It is almost five years we saw each other last time.A. before B. since C. after D. when3B点拨：“It is+一段时间+since+从句表示从事情发生到现在多长时间了。回忆4 测试语法 (典型例题分)Simon thought his com-puter was broken his little brother pointed out that
38、 he had forgotten to turn it on.A. until B. unless C. after D. because4A 点拨：until用于肯定句时，表示“直到为止，表示动作一直延续到后面的动作发生。 回忆5 测试语法 (典型例题分)Several weeks had gone by I realized the painting Was missing.A. as B. before C. since D. when5B点拨：before在之前。表示在意识到油画丧失了已过了好几周。回忆6 测试语法 (典型例题t was evening we reached the
39、little town of Winchester.A. that B. until C. since D. before6D点拨：before引导的时间状语从句表示“在之前。在我们到达Winchester这个小镇前，已是黄昏了。it wasthat引导强调句要把evening改为in the evening。回忆7 测试考点 9 (典型例题 Jasminewas holidaying with her family in a wildlife park she was bitten on the leg by a lion.A. when B. while C. since D. once7
40、A点拨：when这时。这时她被狮子咬伤了腿。回忆8 测试语法 (典型例题How far apart do they live? I know, they live in the same neighbourhood. A. As long as B. As far as C. As well as D. As often as 8B点拨：as far as表示程度范围，意思是“就，尽，至于。as far as I know，就我所知。as long as表示时间长度，或表示“只要；as well as和一样好；as often as。和一样经常。回忆9 (典型例题ood story-telle
41、r must beable to hold his listeners curiosity he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. after D. until9D点拨：until用于肯定句时，表示“直到为止。句意为：“一个好的讲故事的人必须能够使听众的好奇心保持到故事的结尾。VI高考题预测 高瞻远瞩 占尽先机一、考情预测 预测1：定语从句中先行词前面的冠词使用问题 预测根据：冠词是高考题中必考的一个要点，一般会设12个题目。在定语从句中一般说来，名词后有了定语从句作修饰时，该名词前常用定冠词the。 eg：Do you kn
42、ow the man who is standing under the tree?你知道站在树下的那个男人吗?但当表示类属(定语从句解释名词)时，尽管名词后有定语从句修饰，名词前仍用不定冠词。 eg：He is a man that can be trusted他是能相信的人。 预测2：where/when引导的状语从句与引导定语从句的区别预测根据：where/when既可引导状语从句又可引导定语从句这一点是考生很容易混淆的问题。也是高考考查的一个重点和考情预测 年高考题中将有所表达。 This is the house where(一in which)he was born(定语从句) 这是他出生的那所房子。I found my book where I left it(状语从句)我在书落下的地方找到了它。 特别提醒：判断一个从句是否是定语从句要看一下从句之前是否出现相应的单词或短语作，为先行词。预测3：pick up的用法 预测根据：pick up是高考大纲要求四会的一个动词词组最根本的用法是表示“捡起、拾