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1、第二册Unit 19 The Merchant of VeniceI单元知识点坌览 工欲善其事 必先利其器高考须掌握的词汇：1denial 2merciful 3reason 4weak 5judge 6greet 7fortunate 8require 9declaration高考须掌握的短语：1back 2on 3about 4as5at 6on 7：up考点过关 过关斩将 一马平川考点详解 精剖细解 入巿三分一、重点词汇1envy vt嫉妒，羡慕eg： What a grand thing it is to be a musician!How I envy you 当一名音乐家多伟大啊!
2、我真羡慕你。 I envy you your health我羡慕你的健康。相关链接：envy n羡慕嫉妒用法拓展：envy sbsth嫉妒(羡慕)某人某事 feel envy at对感到嫉妒 How I envy我多么羡慕特别提醒：(1)envy后常接两个宾语两个宾语都是直接宾语。(2)envy后不接从句。(3)envy作名词时，后接介词at或of。案例剖析 旁征博引 举一反三考题1 (典型例题-I cant under-stand why they are so unfriendly to me. -Oh, out of A. hope B. wish C. envy D. joy考题1点拨
3、：答案为C。这是一道名词辨析题。根据“我不明白他们为什么对我如此不友好可看出，后面的答语是：噢，出于时你的嫉妒。因此C项正确。 2mercy n仁慈，怜悯，侥幸 eg：They have no mercy on the poor father and daughter 他们不怜悯这对可怜的父女。 The general showed no mercy，and his prisoners were a11 killed 那位将军没有仁慈，他所有的犯人都被处死了。 We were at the mercy of the enemy我们的命运在敌人的掌握之中。相关链接：merciful adj仁慈的
4、，宽大的 用法拓展-beg for mercy恳求/请求宽恕have mercy on/upon对表示怜悯 show mercy to对表示怜悯 at the mercy of sb=at ones mercy在某人或某事的支配或摆布之下 without mercy残忍地，毫不容情地特别提醒：mercy一般用作不可数名词，前无冠词a。考题2 (典型例题 分) The days when we were the foreigners have gone for ever. A. at the mercy of B. taking our fate lying down C. without me
5、rcy D. going down on our knees考题2点拨：答案为A。atthe mercy of在的摆布下；take ones fate lying down甘受的命运；without mercy毫不怜悯；go down on ones knees下跪。B、C、D三个选项后不能再接宾语，应选A。句意为：“我们受外国人摆布的日子一去不复返了。3order vt命令，下令 eg：The policeman ordered the drunken man to Ieave the shop警察命令那个醉汉离开商店。 The King ordered that the man(shoul
6、d)be released国王下令释放那个人。相关链接：order n命令用法拓展：order sbto do sth命令某人做某事 orde rthat sb(should)do命令某人做 order sbaway命令某人走开 in order整齐，有条理place an order for sth订购特别提醒：order后接that从句时，从句中的谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略。考题3 (典型例题)The judge or- dered that the prisoner A. should remand B. be remanded C. could remand
7、 D. could be remanded考题3点拨：答案为B。order后接从句时，用should+动词原形，should可省略。句意为：“法官下令将犯人还押候审。the prisoner 与remand之间是被动关系，应选B。 二、重点短语4pay back归还，报答报复eg：I patd back the money to Jack我把钱还给了杰克。 He pald me back the 100 doliars he owed me他把欠我的一百美元还给我了。用法拓展：pay for付钱买某物(for为介词)pay sbfor sth为给某人报酬 pay off还清债务(off为副词)
8、特别提醒：pay back短语中back为副词，代词作宾语时应放在中间。考题4 (典型例题)After three years of hard work, they had at last paid all the money they had bor-rowed. A. for B. out C. in D. back考题4点拨：答案为D。从they had borrowed和all the money-a/-4n,，意为“归还。应选D。句意为：“经过了三年的努力工作，他们终于归还了他们借的所有的钱。 5on one condilion在某一条件下 eg：You can borrow my
9、dictionary on one condition you mustnt lend it to others你可以借我的字典，但有一个条件，你不能借给别人。用法拓展：on this/that condition在这个/那个/条件下 on condi。tlon that条件是，引导条件状语从句on no condition决不要in condition健康状况良好 Out of conditlon健康状况不好 in good condition完好无损 underconditions在条件下特别提醒：on condi。tlon that66条件是，引导条件状语从句，相当于一个连词。考题5 (
10、典型例题)I will come to your birthday party John is invi-ted too. A. so that B. except that C. on condition that D. in that考题5点手心：答案为c。根据题意：“我可以参加你的生日晚会，条件是也邀请约翰。可知两句之间存在一个务件关系。故用c。on condition that“条件是，只要。6tear up撕碎，扯碎，取消(合同) eg：After reflding the letterhe tore it up看完信后，他就把它撕了。 They tore up the agreem
11、ent without any reason他们无缘无故地取消了那份协议。相关链接：tearn眼泪用法拓展：in tears流着泪，含着泪 burst into tears突然哭起来tear off扒掉 tear to pieces把撕碎tearopen把撕开tear down拆毁，撤除 tear at撕，扒(表动作，不表结果)特别提醒：tear当动词用，读，过去式为tore，过去分词为torn；当名词用，为可数名词，读 。考题6 ( 典型例题 分 )-Do you have the receipt, madam? No, Im afraid Ive A. torn it off B. tor
12、n it down C. torn it up D. torn it away题6点拨：答案为c。根据答语No，可知“收据没有保存下，恐怕已经撕碎。tear off“扒掉?；tear down“撤除，摧毁，tear away “使不忍舍去;而tear up撕碎，扯碎。应选c。句意为：“太太，你有收据吗?“没有了，恐怕我已撕碎了。三、重点交际用语7as far as直到，远到，就而言用法拓展：(1)到达某一指定地点，远达eg： He walked as far as the post office他一直步行到邮局。 Ill see you off as far as the airport我将一
13、直送你到机场。 (2)同样的距离eg：we didnt go as far as others我们没有别人走的那么远。 (3)(程度、范围)就而言，至于eg： Ill help you as far as I can我将尽我所能帮助你。 As far as I know，he is very honest就我所知，他很老实。 As far as he is concerned，he cant afford SilCh an expensive car 就他而言，他买不起这么贵的汽车。特别提醒：as far as当表示程度、范围时，意思是“就而言，至于，as far as也可用so far as
14、常用句型as/so far as I know/see/alTt concerned“就我所知。考题7 (典型例题 1 分)-How far apart do they live? I know, they live in the same neighborhood. A. As long as B. As far as C. As well as D. As often as考题7点拨：答案为B。根据题意“就我所知，他们住在同一社区，“就所知用as/so far asknow。应选B。as long as只要，as often as“经带，as well as既又，如同一样好与题意不符。四、
15、重点句型8but I never knew so young a body with so wise a head，但是我从来不知道有这么年轻又这么聪明的人。 so+adj+a(an)+n表示程度，译为“这么/这样的eg： You have made so serious a mistake你犯了一个这样严重的错误。 Russlan is so difficuIt a language for us to learn俄语对我们来说是一门这么难学的语言。用法拓展：so+adj+a(an)+ntoo+adj+a(an)+n Such+a(an)+adj+n how+adj+a(an)+n as+a
16、dj+a(an)+n+as特别提醒：上面这些结构中的名词一定是单数形式，因为这些结构中有不定冠词 a(an)，否那么就不能使用这些句子结构。考题8 (典型例题分)-The weath-er isnt good enough for an outing, is it?Not in the least. We cant have at this time of the year. A. a worse day B. a nicer day C. such bad a day D. so fine a day考题8点拨：答案为A。c项表达就是错误的，应该用、so bad a day或such a b
17、ad day。A、B、D三项搭配正确，但逻辑上只有A项成立。根据Not in the least(一点也不)可知,：天气绝对不适合外出郊游，我们不可能在一年当中的这个时节遇上比这更糟的天气了。五、词语辨析 9hope，wish (1)hope用作动词时，后面可接不定式或that从句，但不能接“宾语+不定式。 (2)wish后面接不定式或“宾语+不定式都可以，其意义相当于“想要，希望 (一would like或want)。wish接that从句时一般表示某种强烈而又难以实现的“愿望，而hope表示的是可以实现或能到达的“希望。 (3)wish可表示良好的“祝福，后面接“宾语+宾补(形容词或名词)
18、，而hope不能这样用。 eg：We hope to see you again一we hopewe can see you agam我希望再次见到你。 I hope you can help me with my maths希望你能帮助我学数学。 (不能说：I hope you to help me with my maths) 1 wish him to make progress 我希望他取得进步。 I wish I conld fly like a bird但愿我能像鸟一样飞。(从句中的COIlld表示其动 作不可能实现，不能用can。) I hope he can do that我希
19、望他会干那件事。(此句中can不能用could。) I wish you happy祝你幸福。 I wish you a pleasant journey祝你旅途愉快。特别提醒：(1)wish后的从句常用虚拟语气。 (2)在简略句中，如要表示希望某事不会发生时，应说1 hope not。而不说I dont hope so；假设表示希望某事会发生时，用I hope so。 (3)hope后不接复合宾语，即hope sbto do sth不正确。考题9( 典型例题分 ) We each other the best luck in the job inter-view. A. hoped B. w
20、anted C. expected D. wished考题9点拨：答案为D。此题考查动词辨析。根据题意：“我们互相祝福对方工作面试时好运。表示祝愿时用wish sbsth结构。语法归纳 精通规那么 游刃有余直接引语与间接引语已在第一册第十讲详细讲过。在此不再赘述。专题探究：专题详解：“查读(skimming)是做阅读理解题的重要方法之一。正确使用“查读可以提高阅读速度和解题的正确率。 所谓“查读即边读边查。光读不查没有目的性,光查不读失去根底。“查读一般分三个步骤：查前读、查中读、查后读。“查前读实际上是“速读(scanning)过程。一般不超过2分钟其目的是通过快速阅读了解根本信息形成总体印
21、象，我们称之为“泛读。“查中读是在上一步的根底上带着问题仔细阅读，时间大约4分钟。这一步要求同学们无关信息可不读，相关信息仔细读，不放过任何一个细节，边读边在文章中做记号然后以问题为中心将相关信息进行分析、整合、评判、形成结论，我们称之为“精读。“查后读是咽为第二步之后对少数题还不太有把握而采取的补救措施，时间大约1分钟。这一步有两个目的：一是检查，二是再斟酌。要求同学们动用一切手段包括已学的知识、经验对相关信息再分析、再推测甚至可以发挥想像凭直觉再次确认答案。因此；我们称之为“补读。IV专题探究由点及面 由表及里考题 New York,10 November 5:27 p.m. yester
22、day. Biggest power failure in the citys histo-ry. Thousands of people got stuck in lifts. Martin Saltzman spent three hours between the 21st and 22nd floors of the Empire State Building. There were twelve of us. But no one pan ickd. We passed the time telling stories and playinh word games. One man
23、wanted to smoke but we didnt let him. Firemen finally got us out. It was the best night weve ever had,said Angela Carmro,who runs. an Italian restau-rant on 42nd Street. We had lots of candles on the tables and the waiters were carrying can-dies on their trays. The place was full-and all night, in f
24、act, for after we had closed, we let the people stay on and spend the ninght, here. The zoos had their problems like everyone else. Keepers worked through the night. They used blankets to keep flying squirrels and small monkeys warm. While zoos had problems keeping warm, supermarkets had problems ke
25、eping cool. All of our icecream and frozen foods mehed,said the manager of a store in downtown Manhattan. They were worth $ 50,000. The big electric clock in the lobby of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in downtown Manhattan started ticking(滴答)again at 5:25 this morning. It was almost on time. (1)Througho
26、ut the period of darkness, Martin Saltzman and the eleven others were A. nervous B. excited C. calm D. frightened (2)In what way was the night of November 10 the best night for Angela Carmro? A. He had a taste of adventure. B. Burning candles brightened the place. C. Business was better than usual.
27、D. Many people stayed the night in her restaurant.考题点拨：答案为(1)C(2)C在“查前读这个环节里，我们应从整体入手抓住如下信息：(1)主题biggest power failure；(2)people stuck in lifts的反响：(3)餐馆的反响；(4)动物团和超市的反响；(5)大钟于5：25 this morning开始走动。在“查中读这一环节里， 针时第(1)题，我们要认真读第2段。既然四个选项都是表示心态的，而文中有no one panickedpassed the time telling stories and play
28、ing word games等文字，显然答案只有c。针对第2题，我们要认真读第3段。文章一开始说“It was the best night weve ever had哪里能反响出best night呢?“The place was fulland all night就是最好的表达。其实该题只要利用常识不看文章也能做出准确的判断，businessman在乎的当然是business better。V考题类型一网打尽 蓦然回首 灯火阑珊回忆1 测试考点 7 (典型例题)_ _I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from th
29、e danger. A. As long as B. As far as C. Just as D. Even if1B点拨：此题考查连接词的用法。as far as表示“远到；就某种程度或范围而言，常构成as far as I know“就我所知，as far as I can see“我认为sas long as表示条件，“只要；just as“正当时；even if“即使。句意为：“在我看来，只有一种可行的方法来躲避这次危险。回忆2 测试考点8 (典型例题)John is the tallest boy in the.class, according to himself.A. five
30、 foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as2B点拨：five foot eight五英尺八英寸，放在as tall as后表示个子的高度。高考题预测 高瞻远瞩 占尽先机一、考情预测 年考情预测预测1：seem的用法 预测根据：seem是一个重点单词，用法上句式上都很灵活，尤其是seem后接不定式时，注意不定式的时态。常用结构有： seem to do sth似乎要干某事；seem to be doing似乎正在做某
31、事；seem to have done sth似乎已做某事；It seems that看上去好似。预测2：way构成的搭配 预测根据：way构成的常用词组有：in a way在某种程度上稍稍；in the/ones way挡道碍事；on the way在途中接近by the way顺便问/说一下；in no way决不；in any way在任何方面；the way of doing sth/to do sth做某事的方法。way后接定语从句时可用that或in which，也可以省略。这些都是高考对way构成的结构中要求掌握的内容。 预测3be of的用法 预测根据：be of句式中的of表
32、示“属于具有的性质。这是一个非常有用和重要的句型，在历年的高考题中都有所表达，应引起考生足够的重视。预测4：catch的用法 预测根据：catch在高考考纲中是一个重点词汇，且搭配相当灵活，是高考考查动词的一个重点内容。预测5：话题预测 本单元的中心话题是“莎士比亚与他的戏剧。内容涉及?莎士比亚、“威尼斯商人、“亨利四世、“哈姆雷特、“罗密欧与朱丽叶、“特洛伊罗斯与克瑞西达等。语言技能和语言知识都是依据“莎士比亚与他的戏剧这一中心话题而设计的。高考与之相关的话题会在阅读当中出现以表达的文体介绍欧洲文艺复兴时期的人文主义的某个方面，然后依据所给文字进行设题，因此了解本单元的话题内容及背景对理解文
33、章是大有裨益的。二、考题预测备考1测试考点 1 The Smiths bought a new car, which was the of their neighbours.A. envy B. admire C. respect D. proud1A点拨：题意：“史密斯一家买了一辆新车，成为了邻居们的羡慕之物。envy用作名词，表示“所羡慕之物。admire“羡慕，钦佩，不作名词用。备考2测试考点 2 Finally we couldnt help mercy the beggar. A. show; to B. showing; to C. have; on D. have; to2B点拨
34、：couldnt help doing“情不自禁干某事；show metcy to“对仁慈/宽容。应选B。备考3测试考点 3 We have received an order that all the students and teachers to the playground A. will come B. would come C. should come D. came3c点拨：此题考查order后从句用虚拟语气即用should+动词原形。 备考4测试考点4 I have for the trick he played on me, A. paid him back B. picke
35、d him up C. seen him off D. looked him down4A点拨：题意“我因他对我耍诡计而报复了他。pay back“归还，报复；pick up“捡起，接某人；see off“送行; look down“轻视，看不起。应选A。 备考5测试考点5 She will join us one condition that we divided all the profits equally. A. in B. for C. on D. to5c 点拨：此题考查短语on one condition“在条件下。备考6测试考点6 When he saw his father
36、his paper plane,he burst into A. tore up; tear B. tear up; tears C. torn down; tears D. tore off; tears6B点拨：题意“当他看到他父亲撕毁他的纸飞机时，他突然大哭起来。tear up“撕碎、取消；burst into tears“突然哭起来。备考7测试考点7 - What do you think ,of Jack? - I know,he is a man to trust. A. As long as B. As far as C. Even if D. As much as7B点拨：此题
37、考查as/so far as I know“就我所知，其他三项不符合题意。备考8测试考点8 It is for me to settle. A. a too difficult problem B. too difficult a problem C. as difficult a problem as D. too a difficu.lt problem8B点拨：此题考查too+adj+a(an)+n这一结构。 备考9高考新题型：阅读填空 I hate the untidy dining hall in our school. Some people seem to treat it as
38、 if it were a rubbish area. They throw the leftover food about, on the table or on the ground. This makes the hall look unpleasant for us to come and eat there.I have several solutions. First, get more people to form good habits by putting posters around the hall asking them to bemore thoughtful of
39、their behaviors and protect our environ-ments. Second, make people pick up their own litter. We can do this by asking some students to walk around the hall and watch out for those that drop litter. We can make those who are found dropping litter stay behind and tidy up the hall after ail the student
40、s have finished their meal. I hope you find my ideas useful. Problem Cause Result Solutions and measures The school dining hall is (1) Some people treat it as (2) and throw (3)abouton the table or on the groundThe hall looks (4) for the din ers1Putting up (5) asking people to mind their (6) and(7)the environment2Making people pick up their own (8)3Sending students to (9)those who drop litter and ask them to (10)the hall9(1)untidy(2)a rubbish area(3)the leftover food (4)unpleasant(5)posters(6)manners/behavior (7)keep an eye on/be thoughtful about/protect(8)litter (9)watch out for(10)tidy up