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1、高二英语 第二册 Unit 15 Destination人教版【本讲教育信息】一、教学内容Unit 15 Destination一重点单词二重点短语三重点句型二、知识精讲一重点单词1. gather vi. & vt. 聚集；收集；集合 1Children gathered around the Red Army man, listening to his story.孩子们聚集在老红军的周围，听他讲故事。2Gathering information for a businessman is especially important.收集信息对于商人来说是非常重要的。3The mother t
2、iger gathered her young around her.母虎把幼崽聚集在它的周围。拓展: gather(1) 表示把分散的东西集中到一起，不仅用于人或物，还可以用于把抽象的东西如印象、力量等“聚集起来2表示“采摘果实，采蜜、花等3表示“逐渐增加These poor people lived by gathering roots in the forest.这些穷人靠在树林里采集树根而生活。collect 1指精心的、有选择的“收集，尤其作为珍品“收集如邮票、名画等2表示“领取信件、钱等，接走人、物3“使思想集中与thoughts, mind, attention等搭配，“使心神镇
3、静与oneself搭配The money which is collected will be spent on new equipment.筹集的资金将用在新设备上。注意：这两个词用作vi.时可互换。Exercises：用gather和collect的适当形式填空 The head teacher _his students around him and told them the exact time for the exam. She _herself before the interview began. He has to remember _his younger sister f
4、rom school. The train _speed as it left the town. What he likes most is _foreign coins, especially the ancient ones. We must _our strength for the coming competition. The chairman used to _his thoughts before a lecture. The farmers are busy _fruits at this time of year. A large crowd _at the scene o
5、f the accident.答案： gathered collected to collect gathered collecting gather collect gathering collected/gathered2. guarantee v. 保证；确保 1后可接名词、代词或不定式作宾语，The designer guaranteed to finish the design of the stadium before Monday. 设计师保证在周一之前完成体育场的设计。2可跟that从句，The teacher guaranteed that every student wou
6、ld pass the exam.3可接双宾语，guarantee sb. sth.向某人保证/担保Buying a train ticket doesnt guarantee you a seat.买到火车票并不保证你有座位。4还可以接复合宾语。The go-between guaranteed the young man honest.媒人保证那个青年是老实的。短语：guarantee sb. against sth. 保证某人不(伤害) This insurance guarantees you against loss in case of theft.这项保险保证你在被偷窃时不受损失
7、。n. 保证；保证书 短语：under guarantee 受到保证，在保证期间 be/stand guarantee for 替作保，做的保证人1) The new television had a guarantee with it . 这台新电视机有保修单。2) Is your car still under guarantee ?你的汽车还在保修期内吗？3) No insurance company will stand guarantee for their product.没有一家保险公司会为他们的产品保险。3. arrangement U 整理 C准备多用复数 短语：make a
8、rrangements 安排 1) The present arrangement wasnt really satisfying to them.现在的安排并不真的令他们满意。2) I dont like the arrangement of the furniture in your house.我并不喜欢你家里家具的布置。3) The parents have made arrangements for their sons wedding.父母已为儿子的婚礼做好了一切准备。4. rate n.Cn. &Un.价格；费用；速度；比率1) The room rates at the hot
9、el range from $10 to $35 per day.那家宾馆的房价从10美元到35美元不等。2) Whats the letter postage rate to Canada?往加拿大寄信的费用是多少？3) They often walk at the rate of 2 kilometers an hour.他们通常以每小时2千米的速度散步。4) The divorce rate is very high in some developed countries.有些兴旺国家的离婚率是很高的。vt. 评定；认为1) Their house in the coastal city
10、 is rated at 200 000 dollars.他们在那个海滨城市的房子估价20万美元。2) He rates his design the best of all.他认为自己的设计方案是所有方案中最好的。Exercises： Can you _the graduates a satisfying job when they graduate from university?A. provide B. guarantee C. arrange D. apply Parents usually do all they can to guarantee their children _a
11、ny harm.A. for B. from C. against D. without The _they have made to spend their vacation in France are not practical.A. arrangements B. communication C. senses D. reasons _at 10 000 pounds, this painting will be purchased by a French woman.A. Rating B. Rated C. To be rated D. Being rated二重点短语：1. Eve
12、ry now and then, we get the itch to travel.我们不时地会有去旅游的强烈渴望。every now and then不时地；偶尔；每隔一些时候，是副词短语，在句中作状语，相当于every now and again, now and then/again1) Every now and then a plane would take off in this newly-built airport.在这个新建成的机场，不时会有飞机起飞。2) Hearing the touching story, she wiped her eyes with a handk
13、erchief every now and then.听了那个动人的故事后，她不时地用手帕擦一擦眼睛。与now有关的短语：from now on从现在开始；till/up to now直到现在；by now此时；迄今为止now then用于句首，表抗议、警告，或引起注意1) The police will pay more attention to the security of this place from now on.从现在起，警方将更关注该地区的平安。2) Up to now, we havent found out who stole our car.到现在为止，我们还没搞清楚谁偷
14、了我们的汽车。3) Now then, whose turn is it?喂，轮到谁了？2. Visitors who get tired of the sand and the sun can cool off in one of the many (1) get/be tired of对厌倦；对失去兴趣1) Students often get tired of having one exam after another.学生们通常很厌烦一次次的考试。2) Im getting tired of his behavior at table.我对他的餐桌行为感到厌烦。3) They are
15、tired of watching too much television in their spare time.他们对在业余时间看很多电视感到厌倦。拓展：get/be tired from因某事而感到疲倦或困乏I have got tired from the work.我因为工作而感到疲倦。(2) cool off/down vi.变凉；平息；冷静下来1The ground cools off when the sun goes down.太阳下山后，地面变凉了。2Her passion for her boy friend has cooled off.她对其男友的热情渐已冷淡。3Th
16、e anger of the strikers gradually cooled down.罢工者的愤怒逐渐地平息下来。cool vt. “使冷却；使变凉；使平息vi. “变凉；变冷静1The shower will soon cool the air.阵雨很快就会使空气凉爽下来。2Tell the children to wait until the soup cools.告诉孩子们一直等到汤变凉。Exercises： Though she doesnt like living in the country, _she goes there for a picnic with her fam
17、ily.A. now and then B. all the time C. from then now D. at any moment Im too tired _a word after the long climb and even tired _the scenery.A. of speaking; to see B. to speak; with seeing C. to speak; of seeing D. with speaking; from seeing Why dont you get _of doing such _work?A. tiring; tiring B.
18、tired; tired C. tired; tiring D. be tired; tiring Actually, the chairmans _lecture made me _for a long time.A. tired; tired B. tiring; tired C. tiring; tiring D. tired; tiring After a while, these people _towards me and didnt answer my question.A. became calm B. got helpful C. got excited D. cooled
19、off With the weather being too hot, the tourists decided to _in one of the shops.A. be cold B. cool off C. relax D. be cool3. much too “实在太中心词为too,用来修饰adj.和adv. 表示程度。much 起强调作用。1) Hes much too young. 他太年轻了。2) He drives much too fast. 他开车开得太快了。too much的含义是“太多，过分，应付不了 常用于肯定句中,(1) 可作定语修饰不可数名词Im afraid
20、Ive put you to too much trouble.恐怕我给你带来了太多的麻烦。(2) too much充当副词时，可用来修饰动词，作状语Watching TV too much is bad for your health.看电视太多对你的健康有害。(3) too much充当代词时，后面不接名词，代替上下文提到的事物。可以单独作主语、宾语、表语等。1) The journey will be too much for an old man.这个旅程老人吃不消。2) You gave me too much.你给我的太多了。too many 作定语修饰可数名词 too many
21、apples 太多的苹果 Exercises：用much too或too much，too many填空 You are asking _. Ive got _ work to do. The examination wasnt very difficult，but it was _long. Thats _ for me. This kind of things happened _ often before liberation. There are _students outside the school gate, the woman cant get through easily.答
22、案： too much too much much too too much much too too many4. even though=even if附属连词，尽管；即使，引导让步状语从句。even if的从句中含有强烈的假定性，even though 主句那么多以从句之内容为前提。例如：1Even if I have to sell my house, Ill keep my business.即使我卖掉房子，我还是要继续我的事业。2Even though he is poor, she loves him.(=He may be poor, yet she loves him.)即使
23、他很穷，她还是爱他。注意：假设主从句皆表示将来的情况，从句中用一般现在时表示将来时1Even if/Even though I have to walk all the way, Ill go there. 即使我得一路走着去，我也要走到那里。2She wont leave the TV set even though/even if suppers on the table.即使晚饭已摆在桌上，她也不愿意离开电视机。5. according to据所说，其后不能接view, opinion等作宾语。也不能说“according to me，该词组为介词词组，后接名词、代词或由what 引导的
24、名词性从句可以说：according to our records据我们的记录according to George按照乔治的说法1) The books in the library were distributed according to subjects.图书馆里的藏书按科目分类。2) According to our records, the books you have borrowed should now be returned to the library.根据我们的记录，你借的书现在应该还给图书馆了。3) According to these figures, our co
25、mpany is doing well.从这些数据来看，我们的公司经营得不错。6. work out 当其宾语是名词时，放在短语中间或out后都可以比方：work the problem out /work out the problem)；但当其宾语是宾格代词时比方：it、them等，那么必须放在中间如：Work it out! 翻译以下句子,注意work out 的具体含义，试着总结其用法 1) How much do I owe you? I havent worked it out yet. 我欠你多少钱？ 我还没有算出来呢。总结: 根据推理或计算得出；算出 2) We must wo
26、rk out a way to have a cheap holiday. 我们得想出个省钱度假的方法。 3) They must work out a plan as quickly as possible. 他们必须尽快制定出一个方案来。总结：想出；制定出；产生4) The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour every morning. 这位著名的演员通过每天早晨锻炼一小时来健身。总结: 锻炼；训练 vi. (非正式用语)5) Try not to worry. Im sure everything will work ou
27、t in the end. 不用担忧，最终一切都会变好的。 总结: 有好结果；进行情况良好vi.6) Everything has worked out according to the plan.一切都依方案进行。总结: (情况等的开展，进行vi.课文中的其他短语：7. look into调查；观察8. get the itch to travel渴望去旅游9. a feast for the eyes赏心悦目的一件事10. feel the urge to do sth. 感到有迫切的愿望冲动做某事11. be located/situated in位于12. travel light轻装
28、上阵13. give sb. a glimpse给某人一瞥14. a travel agent旅行社经纪人15. a world-class ski resort一个世界级的滑雪胜地16. compete in the downhill race参加速滑比赛17. credit card信用卡Exercises： There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, _she was an only child.A. ever since B. now that C. even though D. even as We didnt plan our
29、 art exhibition like that but it _very well.A. worked out B. tried C. went out D. carried on We always keep _spare paper, in case we run out.A. too much B. a number of C. plenty of D. a good many Our English teacher asks us to guess the meanings of the words _the context.A. owing to B. due to C. acc
30、ording to D. look forward to三重点句型1. Should you feel the urge to pack your bags and explore what the world has to offer, you might want to consider one of the destinations below. 如果你感到有迫切的愿望打点行装去探索世界，那么，你可能会考虑到以下目的地中的某一个。should you 万一你if引导的虚拟条件句中，如果省略if，应该把should置于句首，形成倒装句式，表示一种对将来事实的假设，通常用于正式场合。“万一，
31、如果此句型相当于If you should1) Should you have any difficulty in getting the air tickets, please ring this number.万一你买飞机票有困难，请拨这个号码。2) Should you come across any emergency, you must turn to the police for help.万一你遇到什么紧急情况，你一定要求助于警察。注意：虚拟语气中，if省略的其他情况：虚拟语气的条件从句如果省略if ，还可以把were, had提到句首，形成倒装，仍表示对现在，过去事实相反的假设
32、，主句不倒装。1Were I at university again, I would devote all my energy to my study.如果我现在再上大学，我一定把所有的精力都用在学习上。2Had you come to the meeting yesterday, you would have seen the Super Girl.如果你昨天来开会，你就有可能看到超女。3Were it to rain tomorrow, the great march would have to be put off.万一明天下雨，这次大进军就只能推迟了。2. But there is
33、no need to worry if you have never skied before.如果你从来没有滑过雪，那也用不着发愁。there is no need to do/for doing 没有必要，不用1There is no need to discuss how to use the hotel, because it is still under construction.由于宾馆还正在建设，现在没有必要讨论如何使用它。2There is no need for hurrying; we have nearly a whole hour left.不用急，我们几乎还有一个小时
34、呢。there be句型：there is no doubt that 对毫无疑问there is no hope that 做某事没有希望there is no reason why没有理由做某事there is no possibility that 没有的可能性1There is no doubt that the middle-aged woman will be elected.毫无疑问，那位中年妇女能中选。2There is no hope of persuading him to give up his plan.没有希望说服他放弃自己的方案。3There was no reas
35、on why she left the family.她没有理由抛弃自己的家庭。3. Never change money on the street or with strangers. 千万不要在大街上或跟陌生人换钱。1never do 绝不要never 语气比do not更强，即：never do比dont do语气强，意为：“绝不要；永远不要1Never believe in strangers when you get to a new place, especially at abroad.当你到一个新地方时，千万不要相信陌生人，尤其在国外。2Never let such a ch
36、ance go away.千万不要错过这样的时机。2never用作副词放于句首时，句子要用倒装语序。1Never did I dream that she had told a lie.我从来没有想到她竟然说了谎。2She has been working carefully, and never has she made any mistakes.她一直在认真工作，从来没有出过过失。4. Located in southern Austria, Kitzbuhel is a paradise for skiers. 5. The best time to visit is in June o
37、r July, when the South American winter cools the city.Exercises： _the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily.A. Were it not for B. If it hadnt been for C. If it is not for D. Had it not been for _it be fine this weekend, we _go outing with our American friends.A. If; will B. Should; w
38、ould C. If; would D. Should; will I dont think _is _for a guide on our journey.A. there; any need B. it; any need C. where; no need D. there; no need The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once _with each other.A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarreled D. h
39、ad they quarreled The ice ahead is too thin to walk on. _another step.A. Not take B. No taking C. Never take D. Never takingUnit 16 The United States of America预习导学一、重点单词、短语预习1. list n. 清单；名单；一览表vt. 列举；把列入目录 1. take a chance冒险；碰运气2. entry n. 进入许可；进入；词条 2. put out扑灭；熄灭；生产；发行3. insist vi. 坚持 3. in vai
40、n徒劳；白费地4. sacrifice n.牺牲vt.牺牲；奉献；把作祭品4. as a result结果5. eventually adv.最后；终于 5. in turn转而；反过来；轮流；依次6. suffering n.痛苦；折磨 6. insist on坚持做；坚持要求7. share分享；均分；分担n.份额，一份 7. be proud of引以为豪8. recover vi. & vt.恢复；收回；挽回 8. burn down使烧成平地9. native n.本地人；本国人adj.本国的；本地的 9. die out熄灭；灭绝10. ruin vt.破坏 10. the num
41、ber of 的数量11. while conj.在同时；在的时候12. agreement n.同意；一致；协议13. willing adj. 愿意做某事，热心的14. resist vi. & vt. 抵抗；对抗15. clothing n.衣服的总称集合名词16. supply vt.供给；供给n.常用复数供给品；生活用品17. chief n.首领；上司adj.主要的；最高级别的18. sort n.种类 vt.分类二、句型聚焦观察以下句子，试着归纳划线局部所包含的句型结构1. There are signs that a new, different South is coming
42、 out of its dark past.种种迹象说明，一个崭新的，截然不同的南部正从黑暗中走出来。2. The city saw a series of fierce fights between blacks and whites in the 1960s and在20世纪60年代，这座城市目睹了黑人和白人之间一连串剧烈的冲突3. I want other people to let me alone.我想让别人不要管我。【模拟试题】答题时间：40分钟一、完形填空People do not analyse every problem they meet with. Sometimes t
43、hey try to remember a solution from the last time they had a 1 problem. They often accept the opinion or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without 2 ; they try to find a solution by trial and error. 3 , when all of these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analysi
44、ng. There are six 4 in analysing a problem. 5 the person must recognise that there is a problem. For example, Sams bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must 6 that there is a problem with his bicycle.Next the person must 7 the problem. Before Sam can repair his b
45、icycle, he must know why it does not work. For example, he must 8 the parts that are wrong.Now the person must look for 9 that will make the problem clearer and lead to 10 solutions. For example, suppose Sam 11 that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the brakes. At this time he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes, 12 his frie