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1、 Unit 4 Exploring Literature重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习(知识点全覆盖)重点单词变形1 determine vt.确定；支配；决心 vi.决心 adj.坚定的；下定决心的 n决心；决定2significant adj.有重要意义的；显著的 n意义；重要性3description n描述，形容，说明 vt.描写；形容；描绘4reflect vt.& vi.反映，显示；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思 n反映；思考；(声、光、热等的)反射；映像5. collection n收藏品；作品集；募捐 vt.收集6generosity n慷慨，大方，宽宏大量 adj.慷慨的；大
2、方的7extremely adv.极其，非常，极端 adj.极其的；极端的8straighten vt.挺直；(使)变直，变正 adj.直的；连续的9accomplish vt.完成 n完成，成就，成绩10confused adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的 adj.令人困惑的 vt.使困惑(迷惑不解)11 achievement n成就，成绩 vt.达到，取得 (成就)重点短语1 即将发生(在某人身上)；等待着(某人)2 总的来说3 凭借，利用4 应该5 尤其，特别6devote oneself to 7appeal to 8be capable of 9lie in 10take o
3、n 11 正要做某事12 (头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理13 擅长，精通14 尝试做某事15pull on 16hold up 17pull over 18hold on 19reach for 20once more/again 一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1The basketball player is skilled and intelligent, which _(reflect) frequently both in his games and in his community activities. 2The girl was totally _, standing there in
4、 _ not knowing what to do. (confuse) 3Its believed that Jiuzhaigou is an _ (extreme) beautiful place. 4Though _(defeat), he still felt happy. 5The beauty of nature is beyond _ (describe). 6Newspapers hardly ever report stories about peace and _ (generous). 7What differed from the previous case was t
5、hat the suspect_(destroy)the database and the corresponding data. 8Each level has four apartments_(contain) six bedrooms, toilet facilities, and a kitchen. 9It is up to his parents, rather than him, _(determine)which school to attend. 10Chinas Silk Road Economic Belt, once_(accomplish), will quicken
6、 the economic growth of the provinces along the route. 11She was a brave and _(determine) girl with rich imagination. 12Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines _ (write) a book. 13_ summary, nobody knows the source of the disease.14What followed was a _(summarise)of the day filled with a
7、strong feeling such as love or hate.15It is_(significance)for us to consume less energy to protect the environment. 16A theory, however good it is, is of no _ (significant) without being put into practice. 17If anything, swimming will appeal _ her most strongly. 18The start of a new year is a good t
8、ime to reflect _ the many achievements of the past. 19He decided to devote the rest of his life _ scientific research. 20The larger firm was capable _ providing a better range of services.21Some students are especially sensitive _ making mistakes. 22We need to draw _ expert advice in dealing with th
9、is problem. 23He was choked by the smoke _ (issue) from the chimney. 24The company recently hired model Linda _(launch) its new range. 25No one doubts her _(capable) for the job. 26He described her _ tall and dark, with glasses.27This work needs long patience and _(determine). 28In winter，Beijing of
10、fers the citys fun-seekers many _(appeal)options，from royal gardens to winter resorts. 29He is a _(devote)father because he was strict with his daughter and encouraged her when she was in trouble.30He attempted _(leave), but was stopped. 31_ isnt likely that I should accept such an offer as that. 32
11、Where to have a picnic _(decide) last night. 33The winner said that he had owed (归功于) his success to many people, his parents _ particular. 34It is a _ (universe) truth that taking exercise on a daily basis is of great benefit. 35Ms Trump is writing a story of herself in which she will reflect _ her
12、 childhood and her great success as a businesswoman.二、根据汉语意思填写单词36The cost of furniture was a key _ (要素) in our decision. 37He has grown up and is quite _ (有能力的) of taking care of himself. 38This documentary vividly _ (反映) the life of modern college students across the country. 39Much to their disap
13、pointment, he was_(击败) by his competitors. 40Police have issued a _ (描述) of the gunman. 41The first two weeks of lockdown were _(极其地)emotional to me. 42Dozens of buses were completely _(毁坏), which could not be repaired any more. 43The fat boy was _(挑剔的) about what he ate. 44If we need to give negati
14、ve feedback, we should do it in a less direct manner, especially to those who are shy or _ (敏感的). 45Its author Shakespeare is no doubt the greatest dramatist in the history of English _ (文学). 46Cycling is an environmentally friendly form of _ (交通方式). 47When he was thinking over the plan, a new idea_
15、 (闪现) in his mind. 48Obviously, the freshman got a little_(感到困惑) the first day he arrived. 49Tom received a brown envelope _(包含) some dollar bills. 50Global warming and environmental protection are important _(议题) at the conference. 三、完成句子51总的来说，出国留学会花费大部分家庭的一大笔钱。_, _ will cost most families_ 52那位老人
16、给我们留下了深刻的印象，他不愿意承认失败.We were very impressed by the old man. He was not willing to _ _.53许多伟大的科学家都献身于中国的科学。Many great scientists _ _ _ Chinese science.54新设计还有改进的余地。The new design _ _ _ improvement.55我们准备了几件令人惊喜的事。We have a few surprises _ _.四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。As we all know
17、, reading a book can make you filled with curiosity and patience, and have a sense of _56_ (responsible). It can open the door to an excellent new world of magic and discovery, which is why people all around the world love to read. Read and then relax _57_ (you). Annually many famous prizes _58_ (aw
18、ard) to the creative individuals. One such prize goes to the best new work of childrens fiction.The award dates back to 1921, when Frederic Melcher advised the American Library Association set up _59_ annual award for the best new childrens book. Everyone agreed, and _60_ (eventual), they were deter
19、mined to name the award after John Newbery, an 18th-century English publisher, _61_ had made great efforts to improve childrens literature. The winning book is selected by a committee, ranging from year _62_ year, and the process of _63_ (choose) a winner takes an entire year. Sometimes, the committ
20、ee will appoint honor books, which are books that might not have won the award, but are still considered to be very _64_ (impress).Therefore, if you are at the bookstore, take a look at the childrens section and you are likely _65_ (select) one you are fond of.试卷第3页，共4页学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司参考答案
21、：重点单词1determine vt.确定；支配；决心 vi.决心determined adj.坚定的；下定决心的determination n决心；决定2significant adj.有重要意义的；显著的significance n意义；重要性3description n描述，形容，说明describe vt.描写；形容；描绘4reflect vt.& vi.反映，显示；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思reflection n反映；思考；(声、光、热等的)反射；映像5. collection n收藏品；作品集；募捐collect vt.收集6generosity n慷慨，大方，宽宏大量gener
22、ous adj.慷慨的；大方的7extremely adv.极其，非常，极端extreme adj.极其的；极端的8straighten vt.挺直；(使)变直，变正straight adj.直的；连续的9accomplish vt.完成 accomplishment n完成，成就，成绩10confused adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的confusing adj.令人困惑的confuse vt.使困惑(迷惑不解)11achievement n成就，成绩achieve vt.达到，取得 (成就)重点词组1in store (for sb.)即将发生(在某人身上)；等待着(某人)2in
23、 summary总的来说3draw on凭借，利用4ought to应该5in particular尤其，特别6devote oneself to致力于；献身7appeal to对有吸引力；向呼吁8be capable of有能力；能够9lie in 在于10take on 呈现；表现11be on the point of doing sth.正要做某事12clear up(头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理13be good at擅长，精通14attempt to do sth.尝试做某事15pull on拉动16hold up举起；支撑；挺住17pull over(使)靠岸；把开到路边；靠边停车1
24、8hold on坚持；抓住19reach for伸手够20once more/again再一次；又1is reflected【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这位篮球运动员技术娴熟，聪明有智慧，这在他的比赛和社区活动中经常得到体现。分析句子可知，which引导的非限制性定语从句中缺谓语，且主句谓语动词使用了一般现在时，结合句意，作从句主语的关系代词which指代主句“这位篮球运动员技术娴熟，聪明有智慧”这件事，和从句谓语动词reflect是被动关系，此处从句谓语使用一般现在时的被动语态，从句主语单数，从句谓语单数形式。故填is reflected。2 confused confusion【详解】考查
25、形容词和名词。句意：女孩完全懵了，站在那里不知所措。分析句子结构可知，句子为主系表结构，第一空处需要形容词作表语。confused为形容词“感到困惑的”，修饰形容人。第二个空为介词的宾语，所以需要名词，和介词构成介词短语in confusion (处于混乱状态)，在句中作状语。confusion为名词“困惑”。故填confusedconfusion。3extremely【详解】考查副词。句意：人们相信九寨沟是一个极其美丽的地方。分析句子可知，“beautiful”为形容词，应用副词修饰，作状语，“extreme”意为“极度的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为“extremely”，意为“极其，非常”
26、。故填extremely。4defeated【详解】考查状语从句省略。句意：尽管失败了，他仍然感到高兴。分析句子可知，这里考查状语从句的省略，从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致，并且含有be动词时，可把从句中的主语和be动词同时省略，只需考虑所给动词和主语的逻辑关系，而本句中defeat与he是被动关系，用过去分词。故填defeated。5description【详解】考查名词。句意：大自然的美是无法形容的。分析句子可知，“beyond”为介词，空格处应用名词，作宾语，“describe”意为“描述”，动词词性，对应的名词为“description”，意为“描述，形容”，为不可数名词。故填desc
27、ription。6generosity【详解】考查名词。句意：报纸几乎从不报道和平和慷慨的故事。这里用and连接两个相同词性的词，peace是名词，故横线上填名词，名词generosity符合题意，为不可数名词。故填generosity。7had destroyed【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：与前一案件不同的是，嫌疑犯已经销毁了数据库和相应的数据。分析句子可知，空处为表语从句的谓语，结合句意可知，destory的动作在主句动作was之前已经完成了，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时，the suspect与destory之间为主动关系，所以应用过去完成时的主动语态。故填had destoryed
28、。8containing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每层有四套公寓，包含六间卧室、盥洗设施和一间厨房。谓语动词为has，设空处应用非谓语动词。动词contain与逻辑主语apartments之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词containing，作后置定语。故填containing。9to determine【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：应该由他的父母而不是他来决定上哪所学校。It is up to sb. to do sth.由某人决定做某事，根据句意，故填to determine。10accomplished【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的丝绸之路经济带一旦建成，将加快沿线省份的经济发展。
29、分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词，逻辑主语Chinas Silk Road Economic Belt和动词accomplish是“动宾关系”，且此处有“完成”的含义，应用过去分词形式的非谓语动词。根据提示，故填accomplished。11determined【详解】考查形容词。句意：她是一个勇敢果断、想象力丰富的女孩。分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词，作定语，“determine”意为“决定”，动词词性，“girl”指人，故空格处应用“determined”，意为“果断的，坚决的”，形容词词性，修饰人。故填determined。12to write【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：天晓得是什
30、么动机驱使，他决定写一本书。determine to do sth. “决定做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填to write。13In【详解】考查介词。句意：总之，没有人知道这种疾病的来源。根据句意和空格后的summary可知，该题是考查固定搭配in summary（总之）。故填In。14summary【详解】考查名词。句意：接下来是对这一天的总结，充满了爱或恨等强烈的感觉。根据句意和空格前的冠词a以及所给动词summarize可知，空格处应该填入可数名词summary的单数形式作表语。故填summary。15significant【详解】考查形容词。句意：为了保护环境，减少能源消耗对我们来说
31、是很重要的。设空处为表语，应用形容词形式，故填significant。16significance【详解】考查名词。句意：一个理论，无论多么好，如果不付诸实践，就毫无意义。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作“of”的宾语，“significant”意为“有重大意义的”，形容词词性，对应的名词为“significance”，意为“意义”，为不可数名词，“be of no significance”意为“毫无意义”。故填significance。17to【详解】考查介词。句意：如果说有什么能强烈地吸引她，那就是游泳了。appeal to“吸引”是固定短语，符合句意，故填to。18on#upon【详解
32、】考查介词。句意：新年伊始是反思过去一年诸多成就的好时机。reflect on/upon是固定搭配，意为“反思”，故填on/upon。19to【详解】考查介词和固定短语。句意：他决定把自己余生奉献给科学研究。根据句意和提示词devote可知，空格处填介词to，构成短语devoteto，表示“把奉献给/专用于”。故答案为to。20of【详解】考查介词。句意：这家大公司有能力提供更好的一系列服务。be capable of.为固定搭配，意为“有能力做”。故填of。21about【详解】考查介词。句意：有些学生对犯错误特别敏感。介词固定搭配be sensitive about意为“对敏感”符合句意。
33、故填about。22on【详解】考查介词。句意：在处理这个问题时，我们需要征求专家的意见。 根据句意和空格前的动词draw可知，该题是考查固定短语draw on（利用；吸收）。故填on。23issuing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他被烟囱里冒出来的烟呛住了。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“was choked”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“issue from”意为“从大量涌出”，“smoke”和“issue”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“issue”的现在分词“issuing”作后置定语。故填issuing。24to launch【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这家公司最近聘请模特儿琳达为其发布
34、新系列产品。此处应用不定式to launch表示目的，作状语，故填to launch。25capability【详解】考查名词。句意：没有人怀疑她担任这一工作的能力。分析句子，设空处应该填写capable的名词capability作宾语，且此处表示单数意义。故填capability。26as【详解】考查介词。句意：他把她描述为高个子、黑皮肤，戴着眼镜的人。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用介词as，describe.as.“描绘为”。故填as。27determination【详解】考查名词。句意：这项工作需要长期的耐心和决心。在动词needs后应用名词determination表示“决心”作宾语
35、。故填determination。28appealing【详解】考查形容词。句意：在冬季，北京为城市的游玩者提供了许多吸引人的选择，从皇家花园到冬季度假胜地。结合句意及空后的名词options可知应填形容词形式appealing，作定语，修饰名词options。故填appealing。29devoted【详解】考查形容词。句意：它是一名充满爱心的父亲，因为他对女儿很严格，并在女儿身处困境时鼓励她。根据句子分析可知，此处修饰名词father，应用修饰人的形容词devoted“充满爱的”，故填devoted。30to leave【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他试图离开，但被阻止了。分析句子可知，句中
36、涉及固定短语“attempt to do sth.”，意为“试图做某事”，“leave”意为“离开”，动词词性，故空格处应填“to leave”。故填to leave。31It【详解】考查形式主语。句意：我不太可能接受那样的提议。分析可知，空处为It做形式主语，真正的主语为that从句，It isnt likely that意为“不可能”，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填It。32was decided【详解】考查被动语态。句意：去哪里野餐已经于昨天晚上决定好了。根据提示词和句意可知，去哪里是被人们决定的，故应用被动语态，结合时间状语last night判断用一般过去时的被动语态。主句是一个句子
37、，谓语动词用单数。故填was decided。33in【详解】考查介词。句意：获胜者表示，他的成功离不开许多人，尤其是他的父母。in particular是固定短语，意为“尤其”。故填in。34universal【详解】考查形容词。句意：每天锻炼身体是大有好处的，这是一个普遍的真理。修饰名词truth，前用形容词。根据句意，故填universal。35on【详解】考查介词。句意：伊万卡正在写自己的故事，她将在其中回顾她的童年和她作为一名女商人的巨大成功。 分析句意可知，此处用介词on与reflect搭配构成固定短语reflect on表示“回顾、反思”符合语境。故填on。36element【详
38、解】考查名词。句意：家具的价格是我们做决定时考虑的最主要因素。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词element，空前有冠词a，应用名词单数形式。故填element。37capable【详解】考查形容词。句意：他已经长大了，完全能照顾自己了。根据句意和下文的“taking care of ”可知，表示“有能力的”应用形容词capable作表语，be capable of“有能力做某事”。故填capable。38reflects【详解】考查动词。句意：这个纪录片生动形象地反映了全国大学生的现代生活。表示“反映”为reflect；分析句子成分可知，主语为this documentary，为单数，且
39、题干是在陈述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时第三人称单数。故填reflects。39defeated【详解】考查动词。句意：令他们非常失望的是，他被他的竞争者击败了。根据汉语提示及句意可知，此处使用动词defeat，与主语he之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，空处填写过去分词，与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填defeated。40description【详解】考查名词。句意：警方已经发布了枪手的描述。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。表示“描述”应用名词description。故填description。41extremely【详解】考查副词。句意：头两周的疫情封锁措施让我非常情绪激动。根据
40、汉语提示可知，extremely极其地，副词作状语修饰空后的形容词。故填extremely。42destroyed【详解】考查动词。句意：数十辆公共汽车被完全摧毁，无法再修复。名词Dozens of buses 与destroy之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据汉语提示及句意，故填destroyed。43particular 【详解】考查形容词。句意：那个胖男孩对他吃的东西很挑剔。形容词作表语，be particular about对很挑剔。根据汉语提示及句意，故填particular。44sensitive【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果我们需要给予负面反馈，我们应该用一种不那么直接的方式，
41、特别是对那些害羞或敏感的人。句中用形容词作表语。根据汉语提示及句意，故填sensitive。45literature【详解】考查名词。句意：它的作者莎士比亚无疑是英国文学史上最伟大的剧作家。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用名词literature，作介词of的宾语。故填literature。46transport#transportation【详解】考查名词。句意：骑自行车是一种环保的交通方式。根据汉语提示“交通方式”及空前的an environmentally friendly form of可知应填名词形式transport/transportation，作宾语。故填transport/tran
42、sportation。47flashed【详解】考查动词。句意：当他在考虑这个计划时，一个新的想法闪现在他脑海里。根据汉语提示可知，flash闪现，动词，时间状语从句中用的是过去进行时，所以此处是描述过去发生的事情，主句应用一般过去时，故填flashed。48confused#puzzled【详解】考查形容词。句意：显然，这个新生第一天来的时候有点困惑。分析句子，该空需要一个形容词作表语；根据汉语提示“感到困惑”，形容词confused/puzzled符合题意。故填confused/puzzled。49containing 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：汤姆收到一个装着一些美元的棕色信封。根据中
43、文提示和句意可知，“包含”应翻译为动词contain，再根据句子分析可知，此空应填非谓语，且envelope和contain是主动关系，所以这里应用现在分词作后置定语。故填containing。50issues【详解】考查名词的数。句意：全球变暖和环境保护是这次会议的重要议题。表示“议题”应用名词issue。根据主语Global warming and environmental protection可知，此处应用名词复数作表语。故填issues。51 In summary/Generally studying abroad a large sum of money/a great deal
44、of money【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。根据中英文提示，空一缺少in summary或者generally，表示“总的来说”作状语，空二缺少主语“出国留学”，译为study abroad，作主语用动名词作主语，空三缺少a large sum of money或者a great deal of money，表示“一大笔钱”作宾语。故填In summary/Generally；studying abroad；a large sum of money/a great deal of money。52 acknowledge defeat【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意可知，此处意为“承认失败”，表达为acknowledge defeat，且此处为be willing to do sth.“乐于做某事”结构，故应用动词原形